# Venture Capital Tracker

> Directory of venture capital funds, startups that raised, and funding news. Every page below is available as clean Markdown (append `.md` to a fund, startup, or article URL) for AI agents and LLMs.

## Site

- Home: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/
- Home (Markdown): https://venturecapitaltracker.com/index.md
- Searchable VC directory: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/directory
- Machine-readable directory export (JSON): https://venturecapitaltracker.com/api/directory.json
- Machine-readable startup export (JSON): https://venturecapitaltracker.com/api/startups.json
- Machine-readable investment events export (JSON): https://venturecapitaltracker.com/api/investment-events.json
- Investment events OpenAPI: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/api/investment-events.openapi.json
- API catalog (RFC 9727): https://venturecapitaltracker.com/.well-known/api-catalog
- Directory OpenAPI: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/api/directory.openapi.json
- Read-only MCP endpoint (bounded tools): https://venturecapitaltracker.com/mcp
- MCP tool manifest: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/api/mcp.json
- WebMCP registration script (feature-detected): https://venturecapitaltracker.com/webmcp.js
- Startups that raised (directory): https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startups
- Companies investment table: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startups/companies-table
- NYC-focused list: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/venture-capital-firms-in-nyc
- Blog / funding news: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/blog
- News section: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/news
- VC & PE glossary: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary
- Methodology: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/methodology
- Corrections: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/corrections
- Dilution calculator: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/tools/dilution-calculator
- RSS feed: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/rss.xml
- Sitemap index: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/sitemap-index.xml
- Google News sitemap: https://venturecapitaltracker.com/news-sitemap.xml

## Fund profiles (310)

- [01 Advisors](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/01-advisors.md): Venture and advisory firm founded by former Twitter executives Dick Costolo and Adam Bain to help post-PMF technology companies scale go-to-market and operations.
- [1616 Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/1616-ventures.md): Miami-based early-stage venture firm founded in 2022, backing angel and pre-seed founders with a strong B2B bias. The team emphasizes first commitments, pitch refinement, fundraising preparation, go-to-market support, and practical AI and cloud credits.
- [2048 Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/2048-ventures.md): Thesis-driven pre-seed and seed firm based in New York and Boston, leading $500K–$3M checks in Vertical AI, deep tech, healthcare, and biotech.
- [43North](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/43north.md): Buffalo accelerator investing $5M/year; five companies get $1M each plus a year-long program at Seneca One; equity is 5% via warrant. Companies must relocate the CEO and at least 50% of staff to Buffalo. Notable graduate: ACV Auctions (IPO).
- [450 Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/450-ventures.md): Corporate venture arm of Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Alabama, making strategic equity investments in healthcare and health-tech companies relevant to the payer and care ecosystem.
- [645 Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/645-ventures.md): NYC/SF data-driven early-stage firm (founded 2014) leading seed and Series A in software, infrastructure, and consumer tech — known for its Voyager sourcing platform and Fund IV / Select Fund I follow-on model.
- [8VC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/8vc.md): Joe Lonsdale's Austin-based firm backing and building technology companies across defense, advanced manufacturing, healthcare, logistics, and enterprise software.
- [Access Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/access-venture-partners.md): Colorado venture firm founded in 1999 investing $250K–$2.5M in seed and Series A technology companies across SaaS, cybersecurity, AI, and marketplace models. Main office in Westminster, CO with a Denver office at Industry Denver (3001 Brighton Blvd); 100+ portfolio companies and $125M+ raised across fund vehicles per firm materials.
- [Active Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/active-capital.md): San Antonio pre-seed venture firm founded in 2017 by entrepreneur Pat Matthews (ex-Webmail.us / Rackspace). Backs technical founders building AI-native enterprise software and cloud infrastructure. Typical checks $100K–$1M with ability to follow; closed Fund III at $28M+ (2025). HQ at 110 E Houston St, San Antonio, TX; also invests nationally from a Texas base.
- [Ada Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/ada-ventures.md): London pre-seed and seed firm backing overlooked founders in climate equity, economic empowerment, and healthy ageing across the UK and Northern Europe.
- [Addition](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/addition.md): New York multi-stage firm founded by Lee Fixel (ex-Tiger Global), managing ~$6.3B+ and writing concentrated seed-to-growth checks into founder-led category leaders across enterprise, fintech, and AI infrastructure.
- [Afore Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/afore-capital.md): San Francisco pre-seed specialist co-founded by Anamitra Banerji and Gaurav Jain, leading first institutional rounds for product-oriented software founders.
- [AI Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/ai-fund.md): Andrew Ng's Palo Alto venture studio co-founding AI companies alongside recruited CEOs, backed by $370M+ in committed capital.
- [Alabama Futures Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/alabama-futures-fund.md): Alabama-focused $25M seed fund managed with Redhawk Advisory; Fund I closed in 2018. Fund I is not currently accepting new submissions—founders should treat the vehicle as closed for new applications unless the firm announces otherwise.
- [Alamo Angels](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/alamo-angels.md): San Antonio angel network (founded 2016 as San Antonio Angel Network; rebranded Alamo Angels in 2017) providing seed and early-stage capital, education, and deal flow for Texas entrepreneurs. Associated with VelocityTX / Texas Research & Technology Foundation ecosystem. Members are accredited investors syndicating into technology and life-science startups.
- [Alerion Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/alerion-ventures.md): Charleston, South Carolina evergreen venture firm focused on early-stage B2B software and technology-enabled services across the Southeast — typically after initial traction, partnering with other institutional investors.
- [AlleyCorp](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/alleycorp.md): Kevin Ryan's New York venture studio and early-stage fund that incubates companies and backs independent founders across applied AI, healthcare, deep tech, robotics, and economic infrastructure. AlleyCorp closed a $335M Fund II in July 2026.
- [Alpaca VC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/alpaca-vc-nyc.md): NYC office / Corigin Ventures heritage entry for Alpaca VC — commerce infrastructure, PropTech, and real-world economy from early seed through Series A. Canonical product firm profile is also /fund/alpaca-vc (SF HQ); same website alpaca.vc.
- [Alpaca VC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/alpaca-vc.md): Primary Alpaca VC profile (San Francisco HQ): early-stage firm backing founders deploying intelligence across foundational industries — manufacturing, logistics, energy, construction, defense, and commerce infrastructure. Same brand/site as the NYC office/heritage entry at /fund/alpaca-vc-nyc (alpaca.vc).
- [Alpha Edison](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/alpha-edison.md): Research-driven New York venture firm using data science and behavioral science to back seed and Series A companies unlocking new markets.
- [Altimeter Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/altimeter-capital.md): Brad Gerstner's crossover technology investor managing public equity and private growth funds from Menlo Park, backing category-defining software and internet companies.
- [Amplifyher Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/amplifyher-ventures.md): New York–based early-stage firm founded by Tricia Black (Facebook’s first VP of Sales) that backs companies with women in executive leadership across commerce, care, and connectivity. The firm reports it is no longer making new investments but continues supporting its portfolio.
- [Andreessen Horowitz](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/andreessen-horowitz.md): Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) is a Menlo Park multi-stage firm with $35B+ AUM, running thematic practices across AI, crypto, enterprise, bio, and American Dynamism — from seed through growth, with platform-scale founder support.
- [ANIMO Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/animo-ventures.md): Seed-stage firm investing $500K–$2.5M in U.S. companies from ideation through early traction, with a focus on developer tools, productivity software, and marketplace businesses. Known portfolio includes WorkOS and The Browser Company.
- [Antler](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/antler.md): Global day-zero investor and company builder operating in 26+ locations, backing founders from inception through pre-seed and seed with capital, community, and residency-style programs.
- [Arboretum Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/arboretum-ventures.md): Ann Arbor healthcare VC founded 2002. Manages ~$1B across six funds; Fund VI closed at $268M (June 2023). Focus: medical devices, life science tools & diagnostics, tech-enabled care, pharma adjacencies — with preference for under-ventured geographies including the Midwest. Main office: First National Building, 201 S. Main Street, Suite 300, Ann Arbor, MI 48104.
- [ARCH Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/arch-venture-partners.md): Chicago-based life-sciences specialist that co-founds and funds seed through growth-stage biotech and deep-science companies, often originating companies directly from academic research.
- [Arizona Founders Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/arizona-founders-fund.md): Phoenix and Scottsdale seed fund (AzFF) established in 2016 as Arizona's first dedicated software seed vehicle — writing $50K–$400K checks with a network of operator-founders providing hands-on support.
- [Ascend](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/ascend-venture-capital.md): Seattle pre-seed venture firm founded in 2019 by Kirby Winfield, focused on Pacific Northwest founders building vertical AI agents, Gen AI infrastructure, and AI applied to physical industries. Fund I deployed from a $15M vehicle (2019); Fund II closed at $25M in May 2023. Typical first checks run $250K–$750K with $500K as a common sweet spot. Ascend positions itself as the most active pre-seed investor in the region.
- [Asymmetric Capital Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/asymmetric-capital-partners.md): Founded by former Tiger Global partner Sam Giber. Focuses on early-stage technology investments with a global perspective.
- [Atlanta Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/atlanta-ventures.md): Atlanta venture firm and startup studio founded in 2012 by David Cummings (Pardot/Salesforce exit). Atlanta Ventures leads $250K–$5M seed through Series B rounds in Southeast SaaS and subscription businesses, runs a co-founding Studio, and anchors the Atlanta Tech Village ecosystem.
- [Atlas Venture](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/atlas-venture.md): Cambridge, MA–based biotech venture firm that creates and builds early-stage life-sciences companies, partnering with scientists from company formation through Series A.
- [ATX Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/atx-venture-partners.md): Austin early-stage venture firm founded in 2014 (formerly ATX Seed Ventures), investing in applied AI across defense and space, industrial operations, healthcare, and financial infrastructure. Operator-founded team based downtown at 500 W 2nd Street.
- [B Capital Group](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/b-capital-group.md): Global venture firm co-founded by Eduardo Saverin, investing across early through late stage in technology, healthcare, and energy/resilience. Reports $12B+ AUM and 200+ portfolio companies with a strong New York presence at Hudson Yards.
- [Bain Capital Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/bain-capital-ventures.md): The venture arm of Bain Capital. Portfolio includes GoTo, Redis, and Clari, focusing on enterprise software and growth-stage investments.
- [Balderton Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/balderton-capital.md): London-based venture firm investing in European technology companies from seed through growth, with $615M Early Stage Fund IX and $685M Growth Fund II raised in 2024.
- [Base10 Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/base10-partners.md): San Francisco firm investing in automation for the real economy — fintech, logistics, commerce, and operations-heavy sectors — from seed through Series B. Reports $2.6B AUM after a 2025 $850M raise; donates 50% of profits via the Advancement Initiative.
- [Battery Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/battery-ventures.md): Boston-founded global technology investor (since 1983) backing application software, infrastructure, consumer, and industrial tech. Investing from Battery Ventures XV, a $3.25B flagship fund.
- [Benchmark](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/benchmark.md): Early-stage firm known for its equal-partnership model and concentrated Series A investments.
- [Bessemer Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/bessemer-venture-partners.md): One of the oldest venture firms in the U.S., with offices in New York, Silicon Valley, Israel, and India. BVP backs early-stage and growth companies across enterprise SaaS, cloud infrastructure, fintech, and healthtech — known for the BVP Cloud Index and long-horizon category bets.
- [Betaworks Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/betaworks-ventures.md): New York–based venture firm and startup studio behind early bets on Giphy, Anchor, and TweetDeck. Betaworks runs Camp accelerator programs and, as of 2025, closed a $66M Fund III focused on pre-seed and seed AI startups.
- [BioGenerator Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/biogenerator.md): St. Louis company-creation and early-stage investor focused on healthcare and agriculture. Part of the BioSTL ecosystem; BioGenerator dates to 2003 as a regional life-science formation engine. BioGenerator Ventures builds companies from concepts/EIRs, invests from an evergreen model, and syndicates with national venture and strategic capital. Sectors: therapeutics, diagnostics, research tools, and agtech. HQ St. Louis, MO.
- [BIP Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/bip-ventures.md): Atlanta multi-stage venture platform (division of BIP Capital) founded in 2007 connecting founders with growth capital across fintech, enterprise SaaS, healthtech, insurtech, and infrastructure software. HQ at Piedmont Center, 3575 Piedmont Rd NE — formerly operated as Panoramic Ventures (2021–2023).
- [Birchmere Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/birchmere-ventures.md): Pittsburgh- and San Francisco–based early-stage venture firm founded in 1996. Invests seed and Series A in SaaS, marketplace, and mobile/tech companies nationally, with deep Pittsburgh roots. HQ address listed as 2000 Smallman Street, Suite 201, Pittsburgh, PA 15222; also lists a San Francisco office. Firm site cites over $250M under management.
- [Blisce](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/blisce.md): B Corp–certified transatlantic growth investor with offices in Paris and New York. Known for mission-driven consumer bets including Spotify, Pinterest, and Headspace; launched a dedicated climate technology fund in 2024.
- [Blockchange Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/blockchange-ventures.md): New York–based early-stage venture firm investing exclusively in blockchain protocols and crypto infrastructure. Founded in 2018, Blockchange backs founders building decentralized networks, wallets, and on-chain data systems.
- [Blue Startups](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/blue-startups.md): Honolulu accelerator and early-stage investor helping founders build companies with Asia-Pacific relevance from Hawaiʻi. Cohort-based program with demo-day visibility across the Pacific.
- [Boldstart Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/boldstart-ventures.md): NYC-based 'day one' investor for technical founders building developer tools and enterprise SaaS. Backed Snyk and BigID; closed Fund VII at $250M in July 2025 with $500K–$15M inception-stage checks.
- [BoxGroup](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/box-group.md): New York early-stage firm founded in 2009, known for being among the first checks in companies like Ramp, Plaid, and Airtable. BoxGroup writes pre-seed and seed rounds across sectors with a generalist, founder-first approach.
- [Bread & Butter Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/bread-and-butter-ventures.md): Minneapolis early-stage firm investing in food, ag, and related technology companies — thesis-aligned with Midwest industry strengths.
- [Brickyard](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/brickyard.md): Chattanooga pre-seed/seed firm and founder outpost. Writes roughly $100K–$500K checks and requires portfolio founders to relocate to The Yard in Chattanooga until ~$1M ARR or shutdown — an insulator model, not a cohort accelerator.
- [BrightStar Wisconsin](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/brightstar-wisconsin.md): Milwaukee 501(c)(3) venture philanthropy foundation investing donated capital into Wisconsin early-stage tech companies; returns recycle into new investments. Address: 710 N. Plankinton Ave., Ste. 340, Milwaukee, WI 53203.
- [BrokerTech Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/brokertech-ventures.md): Des Moines broker-led insurtech ecosystem and accelerator founded in 2019 at 500 Locust Street. Runs the BTV Accelerator ($50k per cohort company) and, with ManchesterStory as GP, launched the $34M BrokerTech Fund LP in May 2023 — the first venture fund backed by a consortium of leading insurance brokers for broker-centric insurtech.
- [Bronze Valley](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/bronze-valley.md): Birmingham nonprofit early-stage CDFI and investment accelerator. Through VentureLab and its Investment Accelerator (gener8tor partnership), public terms are often cited as $100k for 5% on a SAFE over a 12-week program.
- [Brooklyn Bridge Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/brooklyn-bridge-ventures.md): The first venture fund based in Brooklyn, founded by Charlie O'Donnell in 2012. Backs pre-seed and seed companies in consumer, marketplace, and B2B software — portfolio includes The Wing and Canary.
- [Buffalo Innovation Seed Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/buffalo-innovation-seed-fund.md): $10M evergreen early-stage fund affiliated with University at Buffalo Startup Ventures; capitalized via New York State ESD Innovation Hub and the SUNY Research Foundation. Cultivator investments up to $100k; Seed investments up to $250k with a 1:1 match requirement to non-NYS funds.
- [Camber Creek](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/camber-creek.md): PropTech-focused venture firm founded in 2011, investing across real estate technology from construction to property management. Portfolio includes VTS and Notarize; backs vertical SaaS and data platforms serving landlords, brokers, and tenants.
- [Canaan Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/canaan-partners.md): Multi-stage venture firm founded in 1987 with offices in New York and the Bay Area. Canaan backs fintech and healthcare companies from seed through growth — public portfolio includes LendingClub and The RealReal.
- [Cantos](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/cantos.md): San Francisco–based early-stage firm founded in 2021, investing at the intersection of software, hardware, and wetware. Cantos closed Fund IV at $70M in 2026, backing defense, climate, and deep-tech founders at pre-seed and seed.
- [Capital Eleven](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/capital-eleven.md): Boise / Meridian, Idaho venture firm investing in early-stage technology companies across the Mountain West and nationally. Active participant in Idaho ecosystem deals (e.g. GetWhys seed).
- [Carpenter Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/carpenter-capital.md): Boise, Idaho seed venture firm founded by Matthew Colford, backing pre-seed and seed technology companies (enterprise software, SaaS, AI). SEC Form D for Carpenter Capital Fund I LP lists principal place of business at 425 Pueblo St, Boise, ID 83702. Website: carpentercapital.vc.
- [Chang Robotics Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/chang-robotics-fund.md): Jacksonville manufacturing-tech venture fund (founded 2024) investing in disruptive robotics, automation, and industrial technology addressing labor shortages, energy transformation, healthcare manufacturing, and environmental remediation.
- [Charge Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/charge-ventures.md): New York pre-seed and seed firm founded in 2015, backing technical founders at company inception. Portfolio includes Transfix and Cometeer; known for being among the earliest institutional checks in NYC startups.
- [Charleston Angel Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/charleston-angel-partners.md): Charleston, South Carolina angel group investing in early-stage Southeast companies.
- [Charlotte Angel Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/charlotte-angel-fund.md): Charlotte-based angel fund investing in early-stage Southeast companies, with emphasis on the Charlotte banking/fintech corridor.
- [Charlotte Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/charlotte-fund.md): Charlotte-based venture fund investing in the city’s highest-quality technology companies at pre-seed/seed in the Charlotte metro and later-stage companies across the Carolinas. Launched in 2022 with LaunchCLT; partners Mark McDowell and Don Rainey closed Charlotte Fund II in 2024. HQ: Charlotte, NC (SEC Form D lists 2101 Beverly Drive).
- [Chattanooga Renaissance Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/chattanooga-renaissance-fund.md): Chattanooga angel capital fund investing in seed and early-stage Southeast companies — including lasting local HQs such as Branch Technology and Variable. CRF I/II portfolio spans software, advanced manufacturing, and consumer brands rooted in Gig City.
- [Chicago Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/chicago-ventures.md): Chicago seed-stage venture firm (Merchandise Mart) that leads early rounds for technology companies and partners hands-on through the first institutional years. Thesis spans supply chain and logistics, fintech, healthcare, enterprise tools, proptech, mobility, and related software — with a bias that enduring companies can be built outside coastal hubs. HQ: 222 W. Merchandise Mart Plaza, Chicago, IL.
- [Chrysalis Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/chrysalis-ventures.md): Louisville-based venture firm investing in healthcare and technology companies across the Midwest and South. Long-running Kentucky institutional VC presence.
- [CincyTech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/cincytech.md): Cincinnati seed-stage firm and one of the Midwest’s most active seed investors, supported by Ohio Third Frontier and founding partners including Cincinnati Children’s, University of Cincinnati, and the Cincinnati USA Regional Chamber. Address: 2900 Reading Rd. Ste. 410, Cincinnati, OH 45206.
- [Clarevia Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/clarevia-ventures.md): Midwest healthcare VC formerly Venture Investors Health Fund (founded 1984). ~$350M AUM. Madison HQ at University Research Park (510 Charmany Drive, Suite 250, Madison, WI 53719) with Ann Arbor and Milwaukee offices. Early-stage medtech and life sciences.
- [co.lab (Company Lab)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/company-lab.md): Chattanooga startup accelerator and commercialization program (thecompanylab.org / company-lab) helping early teams validate ideas and connect to capital in the Gig City ecosystem.
- [Coatue](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/coatue.md): New York technology investment firm founded in 1999, spanning public equities and private markets from venture through growth. Coatue is known for crossover rounds in consumer internet, enterprise software, and AI — backing companies like Snap, DoorDash, and OpenAI.
- [Collaborative Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/collaborative-fund.md): New York venture firm founded in 2010, backing companies 'pushing the world forward' across climate, consumer health, and sustainable food. Early investor in Lyft, Sweetgreen, Impossible Foods, and WHOOP; launched Collab SOS, a $200M climate fund.
- [Company Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/company-ventures.md): New York early-stage firm tied to the Grand Central Tech campus. Runs a zero-equity, zero-rent founder residency and writes pre-seed and seed checks—typically around $250K–$1.5M—for teams building venture-scale software, often in AI, healthcare, fintech, and enterprise SaaS.
- [Compound](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/compound.md): New York thesis-driven deep-tech firm led by Michael Dempsey. Known for research-heavy, n-of-1 investing across AI/ML, robotics, biology, crypto, and frontier infrastructure—often backing technically ambitious teams before categories are obvious.
- [Contour Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/contour-venture-partners.md): New York seed-stage firm founded in 2005, focused on enterprise SaaS and fintech. Contour typically leads pre-seed and seed rounds for B2B software companies with early commercial signal.
- [Copper Sky Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/copper-sky-capital.md): Scottsdale early-stage venture firm (formerly AZ-VC) investing Series A in non-coastal North American software companies — Fund I deployed $115M+; Fund II launched September 2025 targeting $300M with a disciplined valuation thesis.
- [Cortado Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/cortado-ventures.md): Oklahoma City early-stage venture firm investing in technology companies between the coasts. Notable OKC portfolio includes Apricot Health (AI home-health documentation).
- [Cottonwood Technology Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/cottonwood-technology-fund.md): Southwest deep-tech venture firm (founded 2010) investing in patent-based hard science at pre-seed and seed — photonics, advanced materials, nanotechnology, robotics, medical technology, and climate hardware. Offices in Santa Fe, Denver, and the Netherlands; Fund IV first close March 2025 targeting $80M.
- [Cove Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/cove-fund.md): Orange County early-stage venture fund investing in Southern California technology companies from the OC / Irvine ecosystem.
- [Cowboy Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/cowboy-ventures.md): Palo Alto and New York seed fund founded in 2012 by Aileen Lee, who coined the term 'unicorn.' Purpose-built for pre-seed and seed—Cowboy says roughly 70% of its investments are pre-product—and known for hands-on support through seed-to-Series A.
- [Craft Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/craft-ventures.md): San Francisco firm co-founded by David Sacks and Bill Lee in 2017. Operator-led investor backing B2B SaaS and marketplace companies from seed through growth, with playbooks drawn from building and scaling unicorn businesses.
- [Creandum](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/creandum.md): European early-stage firm founded in 2003, with offices in Stockholm, Berlin, London, and San Francisco. Early backer of Spotify and Klarna; leads seed and Series A rounds for ambitious founders building global technology companies from Europe.
- [CreativeCo Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/creativeco-capital.md): Charlotte-based growth equity firm investing in AI-forward B2B companies from early growth/seed through later private stages before IPO. Operates a capital-plus-capabilities studio model; HQ at 201 South College Street, Suite 2700, Charlotte, NC. Backed Charlotte-area companies such as DebtBook.
- [Crosscut Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/crosscut-ventures.md): Santa Monica seed-stage venture firm founded in 2008 — among LA's longest-standing seed funds. Invests $1M–$3.5M in frontier tech: energy transition, space economy, defense systems, advanced manufacturing, and robotics. Public materials cite $300M+ committed across five funds.
- [CRV](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/crv.md): Cambridge, MA early-stage firm founded in 1970 (formerly Charles River Ventures). Refocused on seed and Series A with its $750M CRV XX fund; backed DoorDash at seed and led Series A rounds in companies like Mercury and Vercel.
- [Cultivation Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/cultivation-capital.md): St. Louis early-stage venture firm founded in 2012. Manages a family of funds focused on seed and Series A across life sciences/health tech, software & IT, agriculture tech, and geospatial tech. Initial checks publicly described in the $100k–$3.5M range; the firm says it leads about half the rounds it joins. HQ at 911 Washington Ave, Suite 801, St. Louis, MO.
- [D1 Capital Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/d1-capital.md): New York crossover investment firm founded in 2018 by Dan Sundheim. Deploys large checks in late-stage private technology and consumer companies alongside a concentrated public-equities book—not a traditional seed or early-stage VC.
- [Dallas Venture Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/dallas-venture-capital.md): Irving/Dallas-area early-stage venture firm (DVC) founded in 2021, investing in B2B SaaS across cloud infrastructure, cybersecurity, DevOps/AIOps, data, and related enterprise AI themes. U.S. office: 222 W. Las Colinas Blvd, Suite #755E, Irving, TX 75039; also operates India fund activities from Hyderabad. Firm site cites cumulative capital deployed and an active DVC Advantage platform for portfolio support.
- [DeepWork Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/deepwork-capital.md): Orlando early-stage VC (founded 2015; formerly FAN Fund) investing Seed and Series A in technology and life sciences, primarily in Florida and other undercapitalized U.S. regions. Office: 1000 Legion Place, Suite 830, Orlando, FL 32801.
- [Defiance Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/defiance-ventures.md): Charlotte-based venture builder that invests capital and operational support into B2B enterprise technology companies. Founded in 2020 by John Espey and Tareq Amin; HQ at 1920 Cleveland Avenue, Suite B, Charlotte, NC. Combines direct funding with shared services (product, cloud, go-to-market) rather than a classic seed-only fund model.
- [Define Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/define-ventures.md): San Francisco digital-health venture firm founded in 2020 by Lynne Chou O'Keefe (formerly Kleiner Perkins). One of the larger early-stage funds focused exclusively on health tech—from incubation and seed through Series B.
- [Denver Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/denver-ventures.md): Denver early-stage venture platform (denverventures.co) that grew out of the Denver Angels investor community. In 2025 the firm announced Denver Ventures Seed Fund I (oversubscribed ~$20M) and stated it manages over $60M across vehicles, deploying into pre-seed/seed technology companies and later-stage opportunities via affiliated growth vehicles. HQ and team are Denver-based.
- [Desert Angels](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/desert-angels.md): Tucson-based nonprofit angel network of accredited investors. Founded 2000; members report $62.5M+ invested into 165+ companies and sidecar SPVs. Accepts preferred equity or convertible notes (not SAFEs) for North American early-stage companies; monthly screening via Dealum.
- [Detroit Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/detroit-venture-partners.md): Detroit early-stage venture firm founded in 2010 by Dan Gilbert (Rocket Companies) to back tech founders and grow Detroit’s entrepreneurial community. Invests seed and Series A; portfolio companies can access the Rock Family of Companies network. HQ Detroit, MI. Website: detroit.vc.
- [Digital Currency Group](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/digital-currency-group.md): New York holding company and investor in the crypto industry, founded by Barry Silbert in 2015. Operates and backs businesses including Grayscale and CoinDesk, with 200+ equity investments across blockchain infrastructure, DeFi, and digital assets.
- [Drive Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/drive-capital.md): Columbus, Ohio venture firm founded by former Sequoia investors Mark Kvamme and Chris Olsen (firm dates itself to 2012–2013). Invests in market-defining companies across the U.S./Canada with Midwest roots. HQ commonly listed at 629 N. High Street, Columbus, OH 43215. Public Form ADV-era materials have reported multi-billion regulatory AUM.
- [Dundee Venture Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/dundee-venture-capital.md): Omaha-based early-stage firm investing in commerce enablement and supply-chain technologies from website to warehouse. Public materials cite ~$90M AUM, 50+ founders, and leading 80%+ of deals at pre-seed/seed. HQ: 3717 Harney St, 2nd Floor, Omaha, NE.
- [DVI Equity Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/dvi-equity-partners.md): Tucson venture arm of Diamond Ventures (founded 2018) investing micro-cap Series A and early institutional rounds in Southwest technology. Focus areas include enterprise software, AI, cybersecurity, 5G infrastructure, and national-security-adjacent B2B — with emphasis on women- and minority-led founders per launch materials. Portfolio ties include UA spinouts such as Freefall Aerospace / ED2 lineage.
- [Edison Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/edison-partners.md): Lawrenceville, New Jersey growth-equity and venture firm (formerly Edison Ventures) investing in fintech, healthcare IT, and vertical SaaS companies outside Silicon Valley — typically $5M–$10M initial checks into businesses with roughly $10M–$30M revenue.
- [Eleanor Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/eleanor-ventures.md): Early-stage investor listed in our directory as New York–based (founded 2019), focused on companies led by female and diverse founders. Public fund materials are limited—no website is listed in our records—and coverage should be treated as incomplete pending verification.
- [Elemental Impact](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/elemental-impact.md): Honolulu-based 501(c)(3) nonprofit investor deploying catalytic capital and project expertise to climate technologies with deep local impact. Formerly Elemental Excelerator; portfolio of 160+ companies in energy, agriculture, transportation, industry, and nature-based solutions.
- [Elevate Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/elevate-capital.md): Portland venture firm investing in diverse founders and early-stage technology companies in the Pacific Northwest.
- [Elevate Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/elevate-ventures.md): Indiana early-stage venture firm that deploys state-linked and private capital into Indiana startups. A common first institutional check for Indy and statewide founders across software, health, and advanced industries. HQ Indianapolis, IN. Founders typically pitch Elevate alongside local studios and angels before coastal Series A.
- [Energy Impact Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/energy-impact-partners.md): New York climate and energy-transition investor founded in 2015. Brings together entrepreneurs and corporate strategic partners (utilities, industrials) to back companies decarbonizing power, grid, mobility, and industrial systems.
- [Energy Transition Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/energy-transition-ventures.md): Houston early-stage VC founded in 2020 by Craig Lawrence and Neal Dikeman — positioned as Texas’s first fund exclusively dedicated to energy-transition technologies. Invests Seed–Series B (selective later) across distributed energy, electrification, mobility, resource efficiency, and enabling software. First fund targeted ~$75M with GS Futures/GS Energy as early anchors (2021 launch).
- [Eniac Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/eniac-ventures.md): New York seed fund founded in 2009, one of the earliest dedicated seed firms. Leads pre-seed and seed rounds with checks typically from $350K to $3M (Eniac V, $125M); known for backing Anchor and Hinge and a high seed-to-Series A graduation rate.
- [Entrada Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/entrada-ventures.md): Santa Barbara late-seed venture fund (founded 2018) that works hands-on with a small cohort of enterprise and industrial tech companies from product-market fit through first institutional Series A. Operator-led team with Silicon Valley and Central Coast presence.
- [Equal Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/equal-ventures.md): New York seed firm founded in 2019 by Richard Kerby and Rick Zullo, investing in climate, insurance, retail, and supply-chain startups that modernize legacy industries. Raised $175M for Fund II and a debut Opportunity Fund in February 2025.
- [Excell Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/excell-partners.md): Rochester / Upstate New York seed fund investing up to ~$1.5M in early-stage high-tech companies. Founded with University of Rochester and Empire State Development ties; sectors include medical devices, materials, energy, biotech, agtech, imaging, and IT/software.
- [Expa](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/expa.md): Startup studio and early-stage venture firm founded by Uber co-founder Garrett Camp in 2013, combining company-building support with pre-seed and seed investments in New York and San Francisco.
- [F-Prime Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/f-prime-capital.md): Cambridge-based venture firm affiliated with Fidelity Investments, with a heritage tracing to Fidelity's venture arm. Self-capitalized investor in life sciences, healthtech, enterprise software, fintech, and frontier technology across North America and Europe.
- [Fifth Wall](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/fifth-wall.md): Los Angeles-based venture firm focused on proptech and the built world, backed by a strategic LP base of real-estate owners and operators. Invests from seed through growth in technology reshaping property, construction, and climate-adjacent infrastructure.
- [First Avenue Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/first-avenue-ventures.md): Birmingham early-stage firm with a Life Science Fund I focused on UAB/Birmingham life sciences and an Opportunity Fund for seed and pre-seed companies; Opportunity Fund commitments exceeded $2M as of April 2024, with typical Opportunity Fund checks of $100k–$500k.
- [First Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/first-round.md): San Francisco-headquartered seed pioneer founded in 2004, backing founders from pre-seed through Series A with a community platform and 560+ portfolio companies including early bets on Uber, Roblox, Notion, and Square.
- [First Round Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/first-round-capital-nyc.md): New York office of First Round Capital—the seed pioneer behind Uber, Roblox, and Square. Same firm as /fund/first-round, with a community-first platform supporting pre-seed and seed founders in NYC and nationally.
- [FirstMark Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/first-mark-capital.md): New York early-stage venture firm founded in 2008 with $2B+ AUM, backing enterprise software, fintech, and consumer internet. Known for community programs including Data Driven NYC and portfolio support beyond capital.
- [FirstMile Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/firstmile-ventures.md): Colorado seed firm (firstmilevc.com) founded in 2014, headquartered in Colorado Springs with Denver and Austin presence. Aims to be an early partner to founders building companies in major tech hubs outside the coasts — especially Colorado and Texas. BusinessDen reported a ~$25M third fund in 2026 with typical checks cited in the mid-six-figure range and a majority of investments expected in Colorado.
- [FJ Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/fj-labs.md): New York venture firm co-founded by Fabrice Grinda, among the world's most active marketplace investors. Writes programmatic pre-seed through Series A checks and typically co-invests rather than leading rounds.
- [Floodgate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/floodgate.md): Palo Alto micro-VC founded in 2008 by Mike Maples Jr. and Ann Miura-Ko, known for pioneering small early-stage funds and early bets on Lyft, Okta, and Twitch.
- [Florida Funders](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/florida-funders.md): Tampa-based venture firm and accredited investor network investing in early-stage B2B tech from pre-seed through Series B. Public materials cite $300M+ deployed across 100+ portfolio companies; office listed at 1311 N. Westshore Blvd. #101, Tampa, FL.
- [Florida Innovation Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/florida-innovation-capital.md): Jacksonville-headquartered venture capital fund (founded 2022) investing in high-tech startups and later-stage companies with a Florida-first thesis and selective opportunities beyond the state. Provides capital plus network access for founders building in Florida's innovation economy.
- [Flying Fish Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/flying-fish-partners.md): Seattle early-stage venture firm founded in 2016, investing exclusively in artificial intelligence and machine learning startups. Fund I closed at $37M (2018); Fund II at $70M (May 2022). The team targets pre-seed and seed rounds — roughly $1M pre-seed and $2M seed on average — with about 70% of capital dedicated to Pacific Northwest companies and selective U.S., Canada, and UK deals.
- [Flyover Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/flyover-capital.md): Kansas City early-stage venture firm founded in 2014. Thesis is backing underestimated technology founders transforming the ‘Flyover’ region — investing early with conviction and staying hands-on through the hard parts. Portfolio highlights on the firm site have included companies such as EyeVerify/Zoloz, Opendorse, and Verusen. HQ Kansas City, MO.
- [Food & Health Angels](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/food-health-angels.md): Davis, CA angel network born from the UC Davis and Greater Sacramento food-and-health ecosystem. Invests in early-stage companies applying science, data, and technology to metabolic health, performance, and healthy longevity. Members pool capital via per-deal SPVs; site cites seed checks in the $100K–$3M range.
- [Forerunner Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/forerunner-ventures.md): Consumer-focused venture firm founded by Kirsten Green in 2012, backing digital-native brands and commerce infrastructure. Portfolio includes Glossier, Hims & Hers, and Away, with growing bets in AI-native infrastructure.
- [Forum Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/forum-ventures.md): New York pre-seed fund and B2B SaaS accelerator founded in 2014, investing $100K per company through a 16-week program. Focuses on enterprise software and AI tools from first check through seed readiness.
- [Founders Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/founders-fund.md): San Francisco and New York venture firm founded in 2005, backing ambitious founders in deep tech, AI, defense, and space. Known for early bets on Facebook, SpaceX, Palantir, Stripe, and Anduril with $3B+ AUM.
- [Founders' Co-op](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/founders-co-op.md): Seattle seed-stage venture firm founded in 2008, positioning itself as the Pacific Northwest's leading first-check investor for ambitious technical founding teams. Fund VI closed at $50M in November 2025 (matching Fund V), targeting roughly 30 companies with average initial checks of $1M–$1.5M and ~10% ownership at first investment. Portfolio includes Remitly, Outreach, and Auth0 (Okta acquisition).
- [Foundry](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/foundry-group.md): Boulder, Colorado network-driven venture firm (foundry.vc; historically Foundry Group) founded in 2007 by Brad Feld, Seth Levine, Ryan McIntyre, and Jason Mendelson. Invests in early-stage technology companies and early-stage venture funds. HQ commonly listed in Boulder (e.g. Walnut Street). Public materials describe Foundry 2022 as a $500M fund and the firm’s final fund while partners continue deploying and supporting the portfolio.
- [Frist Cressey Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/frist-cressey-ventures.md): Nashville healthcare venture firm co-founded in 2016 by former U.S. Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist, MD and Bryan Cressey. Backs early-stage companies transforming care delivery with technology and tech-enabled services, including AI-native models. Closed oversubscribed Fund IV at $425M (Feb 2026 PR), bringing firm AUM toward ~$1B. Strategic LP network includes The Cigna Group, MedStar Health, and OhioHealth. HQ at 40 Burton Hills Blvd, Nashville, TN.
- [Frontier Growth](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/frontier-growth.md): Charlotte growth-equity firm (formerly Frontier Capital) backing lower-middle-market vertical SaaS and tech-enabled services. Typical initial equity $5M–$30M for companies with roughly $3M–$20M ARR — a later-stage complement to Charlotte Angel Fund and RevTech seed capital.
- [FTX Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/ftx-ventures.md): Defunct venture arm of the collapsed cryptocurrency exchange FTX, active from 2021 until FTX's November 2022 bankruptcy. Portfolio stakes were subject to estate proceedings; the firm is not making new investments.
- [Fuel Venture Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/fuel-venture-capital.md): Miami-headquartered venture firm founded in 2017 (originally Wynwood; HQ later moved to Coconut Grove / “Fuel Station” at 2901 Florida Avenue). Backs technology companies across seed through growth with a public-markets-informed “phased investment” approach. Public portfolio and marketing materials emphasize fintech, marketplaces, enterprise software, consumer tech, and related categories; known names associated with the firm include Replit, CookUnity, and RecargaPay.
- [FundNV](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/fundnv.md): Reno-based pre-seed venture fund affiliated with StartUpNV, Nevada's statewide accelerator. Invests in revenue-generating Nevada startups (or companies relocating to Nevada) that complete the StartUpNV accelerator pipeline. Reno office: 450 Sinclair Street. Typical initial checks around $50k–$100k via SAFE or convertible note, with Nevada SSBCI 1:1 match available on qualifying investments.
- [Fusion Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/fusion-fund.md): Lu Zhang's Palo Alto firm backing early-stage deep-tech, healthcare, and enterprise AI companies with technical or data moats. Deploying from Fund IV ($190M, closed March 2025).
- [Gaingels](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/gaingels.md): One of the largest investment syndicates backing LGBTQ+ founders and allies, deploying across pre-seed through Series A with a global member network.
- [gener8tor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/gener8tor.md): Global venture firm and accelerator network headquartered in Madison, Wisconsin (821 E Washington Avenue, Suite 200-G, Madison, WI 53703), with Milwaukee and Minneapolis offices. Runs cohort accelerators across 40+ communities; FAQ states HQ is Madison.
- [General Catalyst](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/general-catalyst-nyc.md): New York presence of General Catalyst, the multi-stage firm founded in 2000. Same partnership invests from seed through growth across AI, health, fintech, and enterprise globally.
- [General Catalyst](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/general-catalyst.md): Multi-stage venture firm founded in 2000, investing from seed through growth across AI, health, fintech, and enterprise software. Headquarters in Cambridge, MA with global offices including New York.
- [GGV Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/ggv-capital.md): Global venture firm with a significant New York office, backing enterprise SaaS and consumer companies from seed through growth. U.S. and Asia operations were reorganized into separate entities in 2024–2025.
- [Good Growth Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/good-growth-capital.md): Early-stage venture firm investing in transformative science and technology. Majority women-owned; offices in Charleston, SC (11 eWall Street / Mount Pleasant) and Boston.
- [Great North Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/great-north-ventures.md): Minnesota early-stage venture firm investing in technology companies across the Upper Midwest.
- [Greycroft](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/greycroft.md): Venture firm with offices in New York and Los Angeles, investing from pre-seed through growth in consumer, enterprise SaaS, and fintech. Raised new funds totaling roughly $1B in 2025.
- [Greylock](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/greylock-partners.md): One of the longest-standing U.S. venture firms (founded 1965), backing enterprise and consumer founders from seed through growth. Notable investments include LinkedIn, Airbnb, Figma, and Wiz.
- [Growth Factory Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/growth-factory-ventures.md): Greater Sacramento early-stage venture firm and studio founded in 2021 by Mark Haney, Rick Spencer, and partners. Public materials cite 70+ portfolio companies, $22M+ AUM (indicative), and exits including OnSight Technology (2024). Invests in B2B SaaS, AI, climate, and regional founders from the Sacramento / Roseville corridor.
- [GuideWell Innovation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/guidewell-innovation.md): Orlando Lake Nona health innovation center (opened 2016) under GuideWell Mutual Holding Corporation. Hosts startups/scaleups, events, and a Plug and Play–partnered HealthTech Accelerator at 6555 Sanger Road, Orlando, FL 32827 — commercialization hub more than a classic LP venture fund.
- [Harlem Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/harlem-capital.md): Mission-driven New York firm founded in 2015, investing $1–2.5M at pre-seed and seed in diverse founders across four AI-driven themes. Deploying Fund III with 70+ investments to date.
- [Hatteras Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/hatteras-venture-partners.md): Research Triangle life-science venture firm investing in biotech, medical devices, and healthcare companies from Durham / Raleigh–Durham.
- [Hawaii Angels](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/hawaii-angels.md): Hawaiʻi-based angel network of accredited investors funding early-stage companies connected to the islands' economy and Pacific opportunity set.
- [HAX (Newark)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/hax-newark.md): SoftBank-backed hardware / hard-tech accelerator historically operating a U.S. program presence in Newark, New Jersey. Helps deep-tech and hardware founders from prototype through early institutional rounds. Program details at hax.co.
- [Headline](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/headline.md): Global venture firm (formerly e.ventures) with a New York office, backing consumer and marketplace companies from seed through growth. Portfolio includes Farfetch and Bumble.
- [HealthX Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/healthx-ventures.md): Madison digital health seed firm founded 2015 by Mark Bakken. HQ: 551 W Main St, Suite 200, Madison, WI 53703. Invests pre-revenue and early-stage healthcare software/IT.
- [High Alpha](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/high-alpha.md): Indianapolis venture studio and early-stage firm founded in 2015 by Scott Dorsey, Eric Tobias, Mike Fitzgerald, and Kristian Andersen (ExactTarget / Salesforce Marketing Cloud alumni). Creates and funds B2B SaaS companies — co-founding studio companies and investing seed/Series A across enterprise software. Public partner commentary has referenced multiple funds and nearly $400M AUM — verify current figures with the firm.
- [HOF Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/hof-capital.md): New York-based multi-stage firm backing ambitious founders in frontier technology from pre-seed through growth, with a global LP network spanning 200+ families and organizations.
- [Houston Angel Network](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/houston-angel-network.md): Texas’s oldest angel network (founded 2001), a nonprofit connecting accredited investors with early-stage Houston and Texas startups. Member materials cite $100M+ invested across 400+ deals. Typical activity: pre-seed, seed, and Series A across energy, life sciences, healthcare/medtech, software, aerospace/space, and related sectors.
- [Human Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/human-ventures.md): New York hybrid studio and venture fund that co-builds and invests in early-stage consumer and marketplace companies, founded in 2015 by Joe Marchese and partners.
- [Hustle Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/hustle-fund.md): Pre-seed venture firm founded in 2017 by Elizabeth Yin, Eric Bahn, and Shiyan Koh. Writes $150K first checks and backs fast, capital-efficient founders globally.
- [Hyde Park Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/hyde-park-venture-partners.md): Chicago-based early-stage firm focused on AI, software, and tech-enabled services with a mid-continent orientation (Midwest, Toronto, Southeast). Invests from idea stage through early Series A for first or second institutional rounds. Known portfolio companies include ShipBob and G2. HQ: 415 N LaSalle Drive, Chicago, IL.
- [i2E](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/i2e.md): Oklahoma City nonprofit that helps Oklahoma entrepreneurs commercialize technology, access advisory services, and connect to capital — including the independent VC firm Plains Ventures, which i2E spun out in 2019. Has supported 900+ emerging Oklahoma businesses since 1998.
- [ID Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/id-ventures.md): Early-stage investment arm of Invest Detroit, providing capital and ecosystem programs for Michigan high-tech startups. Public materials cite investing since 2009 across 244+ companies with 30 exits, deploying more than $42M through multiple funds and helping leverage billions in follow-on capital. HQ Detroit, MI.
- [Ignition Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/ignition-partners.md): Bellevue, Washington venture firm (Eastside Seattle metro) founded around 2000, historically backing category-creating enterprise software companies with a Seattle–Silicon Valley duo-coast model. Public firm site states existing funds are fully invested; treat as an active legacy PNW franchise managing portfolio rather than an open new-fund checkwriter unless the firm confirms otherwise.
- [Imaginary Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/imaginary-ventures.md): New York consumer venture firm co-founded by Natalie Massenet (Net-a-Porter founder), backing D2C brands and retail technology from pre-seed through growth. Known for SKIMS and Glossier.
- [Impact Venture Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/impact-venture-capital.md): Sacramento- and Burlingame-linked seed-stage firm founded in 2016 by Dixon Doll, Jack Crawford, and Eric Ball. Invests in artificial intelligence applied to cybersecurity, digital health, robotics, and enterprise software, often alongside corporate venture and strategic acquirer networks. Maintains Sacramento office presence at 801 K Street (state filing address).
- [In-Q-Tel](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/in-q-tel.md): Strategic, not-for-profit investor founded in 1999 to accelerate commercial technology adoption for U.S. national security and intelligence agencies.
- [Index Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/index-ventures.md): International venture firm founded in 1996 with offices in London, San Francisco, and New York, backing founders from seed through growth across software and consumer technology. In August 2026, the firm announced $2 billion across a $400 million seed fund, $900 million venture fund, and $700 million addition to its growth pool.
- [IndieBio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/indiebio.md): SOSV's pioneering biotech accelerator and pre-seed fund in San Francisco, backing scientist-founders in human and planetary health; SOSV rebranded the IndieBio program to SOSV SF and SOSV NY in early 2026 while continuing the same deep-tech investing mandate.
- [Initialized Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/initialized-capital.md): San Francisco seed-stage firm co-founded by Garry Tan and Alexis Ohanian in 2012, backing technical founders from pre-seed through Series A across enterprise, consumer, AI, and infrastructure.
- [Innova Memphis](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/innova-memphis.md): Memphis early-stage venture firm investing in technology and life-science companies across the Mid-South.
- [Innovation Works](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/innovation-works.md): Pittsburgh nonprofit venture development organization and early-stage investor serving Southwestern Pennsylvania as the Ben Franklin Technology Partners regional partner. Provides seed capital plus mentoring and resources for software, hardware, robotics, and life-sciences startups. HQ: Nova Tower 2, Two Allegheny Center, Suite 100, Pittsburgh, PA 15212. Public materials cite ~$93M invested across hundreds of companies since the late-1990s seed-fund era.
- [Insight Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/insight-partners.md): New York–based global software investor founded in 1995, partnering with high-growth technology and software companies from venture through growth equity and buyouts.
- [Inspired Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/inspired-capital.md): New York venture firm co-founded in 2019 by Alexa von Tobel (LearnVest founder) and Penny Pritzker, backing mission-driven founders at seed and Series A across fintech, health, AI, and defense-adjacent technology.
- [Jax Angels](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/jax-angels.md): Jacksonville-based angel investment group (JaxAngels) backing early-stage, revenue-generating startups. Members are North Florida operators across finance, healthcare, SaaS, fintech, and software who pair checks with mentoring and industry introductions.
- [Jump Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/jump-capital.md): Chicago early-stage venture firm investing in AI applications and infrastructure, fintech, cybersecurity, and enterprise software. Jump Capital announced a $350M Fund VIII in July 2026 and is expanding its New York presence while retaining its operator-led, technical-market focus.
- [JumpStart](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/jumpstart-inc.md): Cleveland nonprofit entrepreneur support org with JumpStart Ventures investing arm deploying pre-seed, seed, and Series A into Ohio/Midwest tech startups. HQ: 1974 E. 66th Street, Suite 200, Cleveland, OH 44103. JumpStart Ventures materials cite $14M+ AUM across multiple funds.
- [Kalaari Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/kalaari-capital.md): Bangalore-based early-stage venture firm founded in 2006, backing Indian founders building consumer internet, SaaS, and deep-tech companies from seed through early growth.
- [KCRise Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/kcrise-fund.md): Kansas City–focused early-stage venture firm founded in 2016 by Darcy Howe. Co-invests in pre-seed, seed, and Series A rounds (typically rounds of at least $1M) for B2B tech companies with a strategic connection to Kansas or the western half of Missouri. Firm materials and LinkedIn have cited over $100M AUM — verify current figures. HQ Kansas City, MO.
- [Keiretsu Forum Northwest & Rockies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/keiretsu-forum-northwest.md): Angel investor network with active Boise/Idaho chapter alongside Seattle, Portland, Denver, and Salt Lake City. Members collaborate on due diligence and syndicate individual checks — often filling $250K–$2M seed rounds for Treasure Valley software and outdoor-tech companies.
- [Keyhorse Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/keyhorse-capital.md): Kentucky seed/early-stage venture firm (keyhorse.vc) investing statewide with offices including Louisville (Story), Lexington, and Covington. Partnership with KYInnovation / KCED; public materials cite hundreds of Kentucky financings.
- [Khosla Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/khosla-ventures.md): Menlo Park venture firm founded by Vinod Khosla in 2004, backing ambitious founders in deep tech, AI, climate, healthcare, and frontier technology from seed through growth.
- [Kleiner Perkins](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/kleiner-perkins.md): Menlo Park venture firm founded in 1972 on Sand Hill Road, investing in enterprise software, consumer technology, fintech, and climate from seed through growth.
- [Las Olas Venture Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/las-olas-venture-capital.md): Fort Lauderdale seed-stage venture firm founded in 2015 that backs founders building AI and software applications to modernize outdated business workflows. Public materials emphasize B2B SaaS and vertical AI, with a stated seed preference, roughly $1.5–$3M average investment, and about 4–6 new investments per year. Office listed at 200 East Las Olas Boulevard, Suite 1400, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33301.
- [Latimer Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/latimer-ventures.md): Baltimore early-stage venture firm founded in 2022 by Luke Cooper to invest $1M–$4M in Black and Hispanic-led enterprise SaaS and technology companies, with a hybrid model connecting portfolio companies to corporate acquirers.
- [Launch NY](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/launch-ny.md): Nonprofit venture development organization and CDFI for Upstate New York, combining mentorship with InvestLocal seed capital. LP Fund I raised $5.425M (2019); LP Fund II raised $15.775M (2023). Roughly $17M–$19.5M invested across 100+ companies since 2016. Headquartered in Buffalo; serves 36 Upstate counties.
- [Left Lane Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/left-lane-capital.md): New York and London growth investor founded in 2019, backing hyper-growth consumer and technology companies with enduring customer relationships from Series A through later stages.
- [Lerer Hippeau](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/lerer-hippeau.md): New York seed-stage firm founded in 2010 by Ken and Ben Lerer and Eric Hippeau, among NYC's most active pre-seed and seed investors across consumer, B2B software, and media.
- [Lightbank](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/lightbank.md): Chicago venture firm founded in 2010 by Groupon co-founders Eric Lefkofsky and Brad Keywell. Invests across seed through later stages in disruptive technology companies, with an operator-heavy, hands-on style and deep roots in the Chicago and Midwest startup ecosystem. HQ commonly listed at 600 W Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL.
- [Lighthouse Network](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/lighthouse-network.md): Richmond founder-support org formerly Lighthouse Labs (founded 2012). 11-week accelerator plus ongoing founder network; HQ 1717 East Cary Street, Richmond, VA 23223.
- [Lightspeed Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/lightspeed-venture-partners-nyc.md): Global venture firm founded in 2000 with a major New York office, investing from seed through growth in consumer, enterprise software, media, and AI—early backer of Snap, Affirm, and Grubhub.
- [Lindsey Advisors](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/lindsey-advisors.md): New York–based investment firm focused on early-stage technology companies in financial services, per our directory; public portfolio details beyond our coverage remain limited.
- [LocalGlobe](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/localglobe.md): London-based seed firm within the Phoenix Court Group, backing UK and European founders from pre-seed through seed since 1999.
- [Ludlow Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/ludlow-ventures.md): Detroit early-stage venture firm founded around 2010 by Jonathon Triest and Brett deMarrais. Known for a founder-first, ‘VC without ego’ style and seed/pre-seed checks. Portfolio historically includes companies such as Honey, Product Hunt, and StockX. Multi-fund firm; public commentary has cited Fund V (~$50M) and roughly $250M total AUM — verify on current ADV/firm materials.
- [Luminate NY](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/luminate-ny.md): Rochester optics, photonics, and imaging accelerator/fund program (NextCorps) helping startups commercialize light-enabled technologies. Flagship Upstate NY deep-tech on-ramp tied to Rochester’s optics cluster.
- [Lux Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/lux-capital.md): New York–based firm investing in frontier science and deep tech — AI, biotech, defense, robotics, and space — often at contrarian, long-duration theses.
- [Madrona](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/madrona.md): Seattle-rooted venture firm founded in 1995, investing from incubation/seed through early and Acceleration (Series B/C) stages. HQ at 999 Third Avenue, 34th Floor, Seattle, WA 98104, with a Palo Alto office opened in 2022. Thesis spans applied AI, intelligent applications, infrastructure, and tech-enabled companies across the West Coast and selectively nationwide.
- [Madrona Venture Group](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/madrona-venture-group.md): Seattle venture firm founded in 1995, rooted in Pacific Northwest early-stage investing with selective Palo Alto presence. In January 2025 Madrona announced Fund X and Acceleration Fund IV with a combined $770M — targeting roughly 30 pre-seed/seed/Series A companies in Fund X and 12 Series B/C acceleration bets. Known for Amazon and Microsoft ecosystem adjacency and applied-AI company building across Seattle, the PNW, and the West Coast.
- [ManchesterStory](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/manchesterstory.md): Midwest venture firm (Des Moines roots) investing in early-stage technology companies across insurance, fintech, and enterprise software.
- [Maryland Momentum Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/maryland-momentum-fund.md): University System of Maryland late-seed fund investing $150K–$500K in ventures tied to USM's 12 institutions, research parks, faculty, students, or graduates — co-investing alongside angels and venture firms.
- [Matchstick Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/matchstick-ventures.md): Minneapolis–St. Paul early-stage venture firm (matchstick.vc) investing in pre-seed and seed software companies.
- [MATH Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/math-venture-partners.md): Chicago-based early-stage venture firm founded in 2014, investing in digital technology companies with an unfair advantage in customer acquisition and retention. Closed a $46M second fund in 2019; portfolio includes Acorns, BuiltIn, Chowly, EatStreet, and SpotHero.
- [Mayport Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/mayport-venture-partners.md): Jacksonville early-stage investment firm founded in 2000 that serves as investor and advisor to seed and early-stage technology companies. Led by former Barnett Banks executives; relationship-oriented, long-term capital with medtech and IT application focus.
- [MB Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/mb-venture-partners.md): Memphis-based venture firm focused on life sciences and healthcare innovations in the Mid-South and beyond.
- [Measured Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/measured-capital.md): Birmingham early-stage venture firm focused on Care, Workforce Resilience, and Financial Access, investing from pre-seed through Series A.
- [Menlo Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/menlo-ventures.md): Multi-stage Menlo Park firm investing in consumer, enterprise, fintech, and healthcare — and manager of the $100M Anthology Fund with Anthropic for AI-native startups.
- [Mercury Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/mercury-fund.md): Houston early-stage venture firm founded ~2005, focused on B2B SaaS and data platforms across Middle America (Texas and Central U.S.). Firm materials cite $750M+ AUM, 275+ companies backed, and offices in Houston, Austin, Detroit/Ann Arbor, and Chicago. Typical focus: seed extension through Series A with operational support; HQ at 3737 Buffalo Speedway, Houston, TX.
- [Meritage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/meritage-vc.md): Denver venture and growth-equity firm founded in 1998 with Rockies-region roots spanning 40+ years of combined founder experience. Meritage invests $5M–$15M in network-enabled services with recurring revenue ($3M–$20M ARR profile) and runs a FastStart program for earlier-stage bets up to ~$1M.
- [MetaProp](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/metaprop.md): New York proptech specialist backing software and services across the real estate value chain — construction, operations, insurance, and climate — from pre-seed through Series A.
- [Michigan Capital Network](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/michigan-capital-network.md): Michigan’s largest association of regional angel groups and manager of VC funds (MCN Ventures). Headquarters: 37 Ottawa Ave NW, Suite 200, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, with Ann Arbor office in the First National Building (201 S. Main St). Invests early-stage life sciences, advanced manufacturing, and software/tech.
- [Micron Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/micron-ventures.md): Corporate venture arm of Boise-headquartered Micron Technology. Runs a $300M program investing in early-stage deep tech founders building sustainable compute infrastructure and advanced AI/ML solutions, with strategic support tied to Micron’s semiconductor and memory ecosystem.
- [Moneta Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/moneta-ventures.md): Sacramento-region institutional VC dual-headquartered in Sacramento, CA and Austin, TX. Invests in Seed and Series A enterprise software (Software++ thesis: transformational tech plus multi-layered monetization). Founded 2014; publicly cites $360M+ AUM and $1–5M initial checks, often as first institutional investor.
- [Mountain Group Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/mountain-group-partners.md): Nashville early-stage venture firm founded in 2002, investing in life sciences, AgTech, and disruptive technology. Hands-on operator model with investments across 60+ companies historically (firm materials). Targets seed and early venture in medical devices, diagnostics, animal health/agriculture tech, and healthcare/business technology.
- [Mountain State Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/mountain-state-capital.md): Early-stage venture firm investing in software, hardware/services, and life-sciences companies across the greater Appalachian region. Offices in Pittsburgh, PA (100 S. Commons, Suite 102) and Morgantown, WV. Co-founded by Mike Green and Matt Harbaugh (Harbaugh formerly CIO at Innovation Works). Targets large seed rounds (~$1–5M company raises) with typical initial checks of $200K–$500K per firm materials.
- [MOVE Venture Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/move-venture-capital.md): Omaha pre-seed and seed firm founded in 2022 by Nebraska founders Charlie Cuddy, John Grange, and Manny Quevedo. MOVE Fund I is a $10M vehicle (investing from Jan 2023) focused on capital-efficient software and technology companies built in Nebraska and the Midwest. HQ: 1229 Millwork Avenue, Suite 104, Omaha, NE.
- [Mucker Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/mucker-capital.md): Los Angeles venture firm and startup accelerator (MuckerLab) founded in 2011, investing pre-seed through Series A in internet software and services outside Silicon Valley. Venice HQ at 1631 Electric Avenue; also active in Austin and Toronto.
- [Multicoin Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/multicoin-capital.md): Austin-based, thesis-driven crypto investor backing tokens, protocols, and companies — known for early Solana ecosystem conviction and public research theses.
- [Nashville Capital Network](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/nashville-capital-network.md): Nashville early-stage investment platform founded in 2003 that pairs pooled venture funds with a network of 100+ professional investor partners (often healthcare/tech operators). Manages vehicles including NCN Fund IV (>$70M commitments announced 2022). Focuses on seed/Series A acceleration capital for early-growth companies, frequently with ~$1–3M revenue raising a first institutional round.
- [Nebraska Angels](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/nebraska-angels.md): Nebraska angel investor network founded in 2006 with 100+ accredited members investing in early-stage, high-growth companies across Nebraska and the Midwest. Members deploy individual capital (not a pooled fund) with syndicated terms; Gust lists the group in Omaha, NE. Public materials cite $75M+ invested across 85+ portfolio companies.
- [Neo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/neo.md): Ali Partovi's San Francisco community and fund backing exceptional technical founders from pre-seed through seed — via Neo Scholars, Neo Residency, and direct investments.
- [New Enterprise Associates (NEA)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/new-enterprise-associates.md): Global multi-stage firm founded in 1977 with a major New York office — investing across technology, healthcare, and life sciences from seed through growth.
- [New Mexico Angels](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/new-mexico-angels.md): New Mexico’s premier angel network (nmangels.com). Nonprofit intermediary since 1999; members have invested $40M+ into 75+ companies. Prefers NM-based companies; offices include Albuquerque (Innovation Parkway) and Santa Fe.
- [New Orleans Startup Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/new-orleans-startup-fund.md): Nonprofit early-stage investor for Greater New Orleans. Requires portfolio HQ in the 10-parish region (Orleans, Jefferson, and listed surrounding parishes). Address commonly listed: 1100 Poydras St Ste 3475, New Orleans, LA.
- [Newark Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/newark-venture-partners.md): Newark, NJ–based B2B software fund with corporate backing from Audible/Amazon — investing in vertical AI and enterprise software across the NYC metro.
- [Next Coast Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/next-coast-ventures.md): Austin venture firm founded in 2015, backing bold entrepreneurs in 'Next Coast' markets outside traditional coastal hubs. Thematic seed through Series B investing in software, healthcare, and IT — with a venture partner network and operator-built platform for portfolio support.
- [Next Level Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/next-level-ventures.md): Des Moines / Iowa early-stage venture firm investing in Midwest technology companies including insurtech and enterprise software.
- [NextView Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/nextview-ventures.md): Seed-only, high-conviction firm investing in the 'everyday economy' — software and AI for mass-market consumer and business problems — from bicoastal offices including NYC.
- [Northwestern Mutual Future Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/northwestern-mutual-future-ventures.md): Corporate venture arm of Northwestern Mutual investing in FinTech, WealthTech, Health & Wellness, and data analytics startups. Parent mutual is Milwaukee-headquartered; Future Ventures also partners with gener8tor on Milwaukee-focused programs.
- [Norwest Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/norwest-venture-partners.md): Palo Alto multi-stage firm investing across consumer, enterprise, healthcare, and fintech from seed through growth equity — backed by long-duration Wells Fargo capital.
- [Notation Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/notation-capital.md): Brooklyn pre-seed firm writing first checks to technical, product-obsessed founders in NYC — often the earliest institutional capital in a round.
- [Ocean Azul Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/ocean-azul-partners.md): Coral Gables / Miami early-stage VC founded in 2017 by operators Kristy King, Salo Sredni (Paymentwall founder), and David Zinn. Ocean Azul backs B2B software and deep-tech companies using applied AI, robotics, and connectivity — with U.S. and Israel deal flow and a preference for Florida-based teams when thesis fits.
- [Oregon Venture Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/oregon-venture-fund.md): Portland-based venture firm investing in Oregon and Pacific Northwest technology companies from seed through growth. Appears as co-investor on national deals while remaining an Oregon HQ firm.
- [Origin Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/origin-ventures.md): Chicago-headquartered early-stage firm (founded 1999) that leads Seed and Series A rounds in AI infrastructure, AI-native software, and frontier tech transforming productivity and automation. Long Midwest roots with a coast-to-coast investor network; SEC Form D filings list 549 W. Randolph Street, Chicago, IL as principal place of business.
- [Overline](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/overline.md): Atlanta inception-through-seed venture firm investing in founders building across the Southeast. Co-founded in 2020 by Michael Cohn (Cloud Sherpas / Techstars Atlanta) and Sean O’Brien; HQ commonly listed at 311 Nelson Street SW, Suite 16077, Atlanta, GA 30308. Generalist early checks; firm site states first checks of $250K–$1.5M and preference to lead or co-lead.
- [Paladin Capital Group](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/paladin-capital-group.md): Washington, D.C. multi-stage venture firm founded in 2001, specializing in cybersecurity and dual-use deep tech for commercial and government markets. HQ at 2000 K St NW; also offices in New York, Silicon Valley, London, and Luxembourg.
- [Pappas Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/pappas-capital.md): Research Triangle life-science investment firm (pappas-capital.com) backing biotech and healthcare companies connected to the Triangle ecosystem.
- [Pear VC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/pear-vc.md): Menlo Park pre-seed and seed firm partnering with founders via direct seed rounds and the PearX accelerator — enterprise, health, consumer, and deep tech.
- [Perot Jain](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/perot-jain.md): Dallas early-stage venture firm founded in 2014 by Ross Perot Jr. and Anurag Jain. Partners with technology founders building disruptive B2B companies; public materials cite themes spanning healthcare services/tech, supply chain, real estate/proptech adjacency, and government/defense. HQ Dallas, TX. Website: perotjain.com.
- [PHX Angels](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/phx-angels.md): Phoenix member-led angel network focused on software startups with early sales traction — typically $100K ARR signals — backing primarily Phoenix-based B2B companies alongside PHX FWD ecosystem partners.
- [PHX Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/phx-ventures.md): Phoenix seed-stage venture firm founded by Gregg Scoresby, leading or co-leading $1M–$5M rounds in high-growth Arizona B2B software companies — second fund closed at $25.4M in commitments (August 2023).
- [Pioneer Square Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/pioneer-square-labs.md): Seattle startup studio and venture platform founded in 2015, operating PSL Studio (company creation from scratch) and PSL Ventures (pre-seed and seed fund for external and studio-born startups). PSL Ventures II closed at $100M in 2023; Studio III closed at $20M. The firm reports ~$180M through PSL Ventures and has spun out 33+ venture-backed companies from its Seattle lab.
- [Plains Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/plains-ventures.md): Oklahoma City seed and Series A firm investing in entrepreneurs between the coasts. HQ listed at 840 Research Parkway, Oklahoma City, OK.
- [Point Nine Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/point-nine.md): Berlin-based early-stage firm investing $1–10M in B2B SaaS, marketplaces, and AI across Europe and globally. Known for thesis-driven bets like Revolut, Loom, and Attio.
- [Portland Seed Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/portland-seed-fund.md): Portland early-stage fund investing in Oregon startups at pre-seed and seed.
- [Primary Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/primary-venture-partners.md): NYC-focused seed firm with a hands-on portfolio impact team. Raised $625M Fund V in 2026 — the largest NYC-exclusive seed vehicle — and backed companies including Chief and Latch.
- [Prosper HealthTech Accelerator](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/prosper-healthtech-accelerator.md): gener8tor-powered 12-week in-person healthtech accelerator in Birmingham. Published program terms include $50k for 5% common stock, with optional additional capital that can bring total investment up to roughly $90k; cohorts relocate to Birmingham for the program.
- [Proven Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/proven-ventures.md): Omaha venture fund (Burlington Capital family) investing in Nebraska post-revenue and growth-stage companies with a founder-friendly debt-equity / revenue-aligned model aimed at profitability over hyper-dilutive growth. Public address: 1004 Farnam Street, Suite 400, Omaha, NE.
- [PS27 Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/ps27-ventures.md): Jacksonville, Florida early-stage venture firm investing in software and technology companies across the Southeast and beyond.
- [QCA Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/qca-ventures.md): Cincinnati-rooted early-stage investor network formerly Queen City Angels (founded 2000); rebranded to QCA Ventures in February 2026. 219+ accredited members across 25 states; public materials cite $130M+ direct investment into 123+ companies. Focus: life sciences, B2B SaaS, advanced materials, advanced manufacturing.
- [QuantumLight](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/quantumlight.md): QuantumLight is a venture investment firm. In August 2026 it announced $500M for Fund II, focused on a concentrated AI fund associated with Revolut founder Nik Storonsky. The profile records disclosed fund facts without inferring deployment pace or assets beyond the announced vehicle.
- [Rand Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/rand-capital.md): Nasdaq-listed business development company (ticker: RAND) based in Buffalo. Provides higher-yielding debt with equity kickers to lower middle-market companies (typical targets around $10M revenue and $1.5M+ EBITDA). Portfolio fair value was about $48.5M across 20 companies at year-end 2025. Not a classic seed VC — growth and debt-focused. Early historical investor in ACV Auctions.
- [Range Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/range-ventures.md): Denver early-stage venture firm (range.vc) founded in 2020 by operators Adam Burrows and Chris Erickson. Focuses on pre-seed and seed investments, historically with a strong Colorado Front Range emphasis and a thesis around founders with hard-won, hard-to-replicate insights in overlooked categories. Press reported a ~$39M Range Fund II close in 2024 for Colorado-focused deployment.
- [Reach Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/reach-capital.md): Reach Capital is a venture investment firm. In August 2026 it announced $265M for Fund V, focused on an expanded human-potential thesis spanning learning, health and work. The profile records disclosed fund facts without inferring deployment pace or assets beyond the announced vehicle.
- [Redpoint Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/redpoint-ventures.md): Multi-stage venture firm with offices in New York and Silicon Valley, investing from seed through growth in AI, enterprise SaaS, infrastructure, and developer tools. Early bets include Netflix, Stripe, and Snowflake.
- [Render Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/render-capital.md): Louisville-based early-stage venture firm investing across the Midwest and South 'heartland and commerce corridor' — pre-seed and seed checks of roughly $750K–$1.25M, often first institutional capital for CPG, B2B SaaS, health, and supply-chain founders.
- [Reno Seed Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/reno-seed-fund.md): Reno, Nevada early-stage fund investing in Northern Nevada and Sierra-region startups at seed.
- [Rev1 Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/rev1-ventures.md): Columbus venture studio / public-private seed platform providing capital, mentoring, and space. Downtown hub: Rev1 at The Peninsula, 330 Rush Alley Suite 100, Columbus, OH 43215; Rev1 Labs at 1275 Kinnear Rd, Columbus, OH 43212.
- [Revolution](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/revolution.md): Washington, D.C. investment firm founded in 2005 by Steve Case, operating Revolution Ventures (early-stage tech), Revolution Growth (later-stage consumer), and the Rise of the Rest Seed Fund for companies outside coastal hubs. HQ at 1717 Rhode Island Ave NW.
- [RevTech Labs Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/revtech-labs-capital.md): Charlotte venture fund focused on post-revenue fintech and insurtech startups, often tied to the RevTech Labs accelerator pipeline. Average investments cited at roughly $200K–$400K; strategic partner to RevTech Labs Foundation programs in the Queen City banking corridor.
- [RevUp Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/revup-capital.md): Providence growth investor evolved from Betaspring accelerator. Provides non-dilutive / revenue-based capital to early revenue companies. HQ: 91 Clemence Street, Providence, RI 02903; also lists Boston.
- [Ribbit Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/ribbit-capital.md): Global fintech-focused investor founded in 2012. Early bets include Coinbase, Robinhood, and Revolut; the firm has backed 170+ companies across payments, banking, and crypto infrastructure.
- [Ridgeline Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/ridgeline-ventures.md): Memphis-headquartered early-stage venture firm investing in applied AI, advanced computing, hardware, and automation for manufacturing, logistics, energy, and defense buyers. Fund II closed oversubscribed at over $180M (Dec 2025) with Fortune 500 LPs including FedEx and Cisco Investments.
- [Roadrunner Venture Studios](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/roadrunner-venture-studios.md): Albuquerque deep-tech venture studio that co-founds and invests in hard-science companies (advanced energy, robotics, precision manufacturing, quantum) with national-lab adjacency. Selected to lead New Mexico’s $25M quantum commercialization initiative.
- [Rochester Angel Network](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/rochester-angel-network.md): Accredited angel group investing in early-stage, high-growth Upstate New York startups. Formed 2005; 60+ members investing via funds and direct checks. Applications via RochesterAngels@NextCorps.org / rochesterangels.com.
- [Rogue Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/rogue-venture-partners.md): Portland and Lake Oswego early-stage venture firm founded in 2010, investing seed and Series A across software, healthcare, and SaaS — with a stated focus on undercapitalized markets and Pacific Northwest deal flow.
- [RRE Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/rre-ventures.md): One of NYC's longest-running venture firms, founded in 1994. Multi-stage investor across fintech, enterprise SaaS, marketplaces, and consumer with 400+ portfolio companies.
- [Sacramento Angels](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/sacramento-angels.md): Sacramento-region angel network funding early-stage Northern California companies outside the core Bay Area HQ cluster — govtech, enterprise, and Capital Region founders.
- [Sage Growth Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/sage-growth-capital.md): Boise, Idaho growth-capital firm providing revenue-based / non-dilutive funding to companies that do not fit traditional bank or equity models. Manages Sage Growth Capital Fund I, II, and III from 800 West Main Street, Suite 1460, Boise. Founded in 2019 by Denise Dunlap, Molly Otter, and Kevin Learned.
- [Santa Barbara Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/santa-barbara-venture-partners.md): Santa Barbara–based early-stage venture firm investing in technology companies tied to the Central Coast / UCSB innovation corridor.
- [Scale Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/scale-venture-partners.md): Foster City-based firm backing early-in-revenue enterprise SaaS and AI companies from seed through Series B+, with a focus on founder-led growth to repeatable go-to-market.
- [ScOp Venture Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/scop-venture-capital.md): Santa Barbara early-stage venture firm (founded 2018) investing $500K–$3.5M in B2B SaaS and AI companies with early product-market fit. Team includes DoubleClick founder Kevin O'Connor; AppFolio and Procore alumni among advisors.
- [Scout Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/scout-ventures.md): Early-stage firm backing dual-use and frontier-tech founders from the military, intelligence community, and national labs. Leads seed rounds with $2–5M checks in AI, robotics, space, and defense tech.
- [Sequoia Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/sequoia.md): Helps daring founders build legendary companies from idea to IPO and beyond. Multi-decade firm backing category-defining companies including Apple, Google, Stripe, and Airbnb.
- [Sierra Angels](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/sierra-angels.md): Northern Nevada / Tahoe-region angel network investing in early-stage companies across the Sierra corridor including Reno–Tahoe.
- [Slater Technology Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/slater-technology-fund.md): Providence evergreen nonprofit seed fund supporting Rhode Island early-stage technology ventures (founded 1997). Addresses historically include 3 Davol Square and 225 Dyer St, Providence, RI. Often works with Brown and URI commercialization teams.
- [Slow Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/slow-ventures.md): Early-stage firm with offices in San Francisco, New York, Boston, and beyond, backing founders across consumer, enterprise, crypto, and the creator economy.
- [SoftBank Latin America Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/softbank-latin-america.md): SoftBank Group’s dedicated Latin America technology investment platform, with a Miami investment team base at 600 Brickell Avenue. SoftBank announced the US$5 billion SoftBank Latin America Fund in 2019 and a US$3 billion initial commitment to SoftBank Latin America Fund II in 2021. Invests across technology-enabled companies in the region — historically spanning e-commerce, digital financial services, healthcare, education, enterprise software, and related internet-economy categories — from early venture through later stages.
- [SoGal Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/sogal-ventures.md): Female-led millennial venture firm investing in diverse founders globally, with a focus on inclusion in venture capital. Portfolio spans consumer, health, and AI companies led by underrepresented founders.
- [Spark Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/spark-capital.md): Leading venture firm with offices in New York and Boston, known for early bets on Twitter, Slack, Discord, and Coinbase. Invests across consumer and enterprise technology from seed through growth.
- [StageDotO](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/stagedoto.md): Boise-based early-stage venture firm (also branded Stage Global Partners) that leads seed financings and milestone investments through Series A and B. Relocated from Seattle to Boise around 2019; co-invests frequently with Capital Eleven on Treasure Valley deals such as OurPetPolicy (Series A, Jan 2026).
- [Starlight Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/starlight-ventures.md): Miami-based venture firm founded in 2017 that invests across stages in companies built on breakthrough science and technology. Public thesis language emphasizes energy transition, industrial biology, space infrastructure, and next-generation platforms. HQ commonly listed at 2666 Brickell Avenue, 3rd Floor, Miami, FL 33129; Form D filings use the same Brickell address.
- [Susa Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/susa-ventures.md): Seed-stage firm in San Francisco investing in founders building durable moats in enterprise, fintech, and health. Known for concentrated seed bets with heavy follow-on reserves.
- [Tampa Bay Wave](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/tampa-bay-wave.md): Tampa Bay 501(c)(3) nonprofit startup accelerator (founded 2008) supporting tech founders with zero-equity accelerator programs, mentorship, and investor connections. HQ at 501 E Kennedy Blvd, Suite 650, Tampa, FL; St. Pete presence at Thrive DTSP.
- [Tanager Holdings](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/tanager-holdings.md): Jacksonville, Florida venture studio that partners with founders on zero-to-one companies — providing operations, go-to-market systems, and capital formation rather than only writing a late check. Active across AI, deep tech, workforce/edtech, and related category-creating products.
- [TCA Venture Group](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/tca-venture-group.md): Tech Coast Angels venture group — one of the largest angel networks in the U.S., with strong Orange County / Southern California chapters investing in early-stage tech.
- [TCP Venture Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/tcp-venture-capital.md): Baltimore early-stage technology venture firm founded in 2012, managing the Propel Baltimore Fund for companies headquartered in or relocating to Baltimore City — excluding biotech, medical device, and real estate per public fund criteria.
- [Tech Square Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/tech-square-ventures.md): Atlanta early-stage venture firm based in Technology Square (Georgia Tech adjacency). Founded in 2014 by Blake Patton; HQ commonly listed at 75 5th Street NW, Atlanta, GA. Invests primarily at Seed (selectively Pre-Seed and Series A) in enterprise B2B and marketplace technology across the Southeast “Super South,” and runs the Engage corporate innovation / accelerator program with major Atlanta enterprises.
- [Techstars NYC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/techstars-nyc.md): The New York City chapter of the global Techstars accelerator network, running 3-month programs with a standard $120K investment ($20K equity plus $100K convertible note for 6% equity) and a major source of NYC seed-stage deal flow across fintech and generalist cohorts.
- [TEDCO](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/tedco.md): Maryland Technology Development Corporation — the state's innovation agency running evergreen venture funds (Maryland Venture Fund and related vehicles) that invest roughly $500K–$1.5M in Maryland-connected technology and life-sciences companies, plus builder and social-impact programs for underserved founders.
- [The Idea Village](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/idea-village.md): New Orleans 501(c)(3) entrepreneurship org (formalized ~2002; founded 2000) providing accelerator programming and resources. Charity Navigator/GuideStar list 900 Camp Street, Suite 308, New Orleans, LA 70130. Public impact claims include 12,450+ entrepreneurs supported and $27M+ in resources.
- [The March Group](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/the-march-group.md): Thematic early-stage VC headquartered in Sacramento and Davis, CA, anchored in the UC innovation ecosystem. Thesis spans precision nutrition, intelligent health, and food + medicine. Manages March EXP and the Aggie Venture Accelerator Fund in partnership with UC Davis Venture Catalyst / Aggie Square.
- [TheVentureCity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/theventurecity.md): Miami-headquartered global early-stage VC founded in 2017 by Laura González-Estéfani and Clara Bullrich. TheVentureCity backs seed and Series A product-led companies across the U.S., Latin America, and Europe with capital, data insights, and operator support from hubs in Miami, Madrid, San Francisco, and São Paulo.
- [Third Rock Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/third-rock-ventures.md): Boston-based life sciences firm that co-founds and builds biotechnology companies alongside scientists, advancing breakthrough therapeutics from company creation through clinical development.
- [Thrive Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/thrive-capital.md): New York-based crossover venture firm founded by Joshua Kushner in 2009, reported at more than $50B under management in 2026 press coverage and known for concentrated, multi-stage bets in internet, software, and AI companies including Stripe, OpenAI, and Instagram.
- [Tiger Global Management](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/tiger-global-management.md): New York-headquartered crossover investment firm founded in 2001, managing approximately $60B globally and backing high-growth internet, software, fintech, and consumer companies from Series A through late-stage private rounds.
- [Together Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/together-fund.md): Operator-led venture firm founded in 2021 in Bengaluru, backing B2B SaaS founders building global companies from India with hands-on GTM and product support from experienced operators.
- [Tribeca Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/tribeca-venture-partners.md): New York early-stage firm founded in 2011 by Brian Hirsch and Chip Meakem, leading concentrated Series A rounds ($1–6M initial checks) in NYC-area tech companies with products in market — portfolio includes AppNexus and AlphaSense.
- [Trilogy Equity Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/trilogy-equity-partners.md): Greater Seattle early-stage venture firm formed in 2006, headquartered in Bellevue, WA (155 108th Ave NE, Suite 400). Operator-led partnership with wireless and enterprise roots; invests primarily at seed (also pre-seed/Series A) in Pacific Northwest technology companies and aims to lead rounds from seed to scale.
- [TTV Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/ttv-capital.md): Atlanta early-stage fintech VC founded in 2000 — one of the longest-running funds investing exclusively in financial-services technology. Fund VI closed at $250M in March 2023 (oversubscribed from a $150M target). Portfolio includes Bill.com, Greenlight, SmartAsset, Cardlytics, and MX.
- [Two Sigma Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/two-sigma-ventures.md): Venture arm incubated inside quantitative trading firm Two Sigma, backing data-driven startups and AI companies from seed through growth. In May 2026 the team spun out as independent Deviation Capital with ~$2B AUM managing the legacy TSV portfolio.
- [UA Venture Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/ua-venture-capital.md): Tucson venture firm (UAVC) focused on seed- to growth-stage national security and healthcare technologies with University of Arizona commercialization ties. Office listed at 607 N 6th Ave, Tucson, AZ; also lists a Washington, DC presence.
- [Union Square Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/union-square-ventures.md): New York thesis-driven venture firm founded in 2003, with a reported ~$2.5B+ franchise across its public fund history and backing early-stage technology companies built on large networks of engaged users — historic bets include Twitter, Coinbase, Etsy, and Stripe.
- [Upfront Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/upfront-ventures.md): Los Angeles' largest early-stage venture firm, founded in 1996, backing founders across sectors nationwide from seed through Series B with a West Coast-rooted, operator-friendly partnership model.
- [Virginia Venture Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/virginia-venture-partners.md): VIPC’s statewide venture program investing pre-seed (up to $250k) and seed (up to $1M) in Virginia tech, cybersecurity, life sciences, energy, and aerospace startups. Parent VIPC mailing HQ: 313 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA 23219 (also Herndon office).
- [Visionary Ventures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/visionary-ventures.md): Newport Beach life-sciences venture firm (founded 2016, Octane lineage) investing Series A through commercialization in ophthalmology, medical aesthetics, cardiovascular, and neurovascular companies. Public materials cite ~$30M Fund I, ~$150M Fund II, and a planned $250M Fund III (Jun 2025 OCBJ). Leverages 75+ ophthalmology KOL investor-partners for diligence and deal flow in OC's medtech cluster.
- [Voyager Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/voyager-capital.md): Seattle venture firm founded in 1997, among the longest-running B2B investors in the Pacific Northwest. Voyager targets early-stage software companies in Washington, Oregon, British Columbia, and Alberta — SaaS, cloud infrastructure, AI-driven business solutions, and software-driven hardware. Fund VI targeted $100M (hard cap $125M) per 2023 reporting; the firm cites 75+ portfolio companies and $520M+ cumulative AUM in public materials.
- [VTF Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/vtf-capital.md): Las Vegas seed-stage venture firm formerly known as VegasTechFund. Originated alongside Tony Hsieh’s Downtown Project era (founded 2012) to seed startups tied to downtown Las Vegas revitalization; later broadened to a commerce-technology thesis (digital brands, commerce tech, pre-consumer logistics). HQ Las Vegas, NV. Website: vtfcapital.com.
- [Work-Bench](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/work-bench.md): NYC enterprise B2B seed fund co-founded by Jonathan Lehr and Jessica Lin in 2013, leading $2–5M seed rounds with deep go-to-market support into Fortune 500 buyers — portfolio includes Cockroach Labs and Dialpad.
- [XRC Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/xrc-labs.md): New York accelerator and venture fund founded in 2015, focused on retail technology and consumer goods innovation — backing pre-seed and seed companies at the intersection of commerce, brands, and emerging retail tech.
- [Y Combinator](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/y-combinator.md): Y Combinator is a San Francisco startup accelerator founded in 2005. It runs winter, spring, summer, and fall batches and invests a standard $500K through two SAFEs: $125K for 7% plus $375K on an uncapped MFN SAFE.
- [Zeal Capital Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fund/zeal-capital-partners.md): Washington D.C. and New York firm founded by Nasir Qadree in 2020, practicing 'Inclusive Investing' in fintech, healthcare, and future-of-work — closed $82M Fund II in May 2025, bringing total AUM to $186M.

## Startup profiles (1441)

- [10x Banking](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/10x-banking.md): Banking infrastructure led by former barclays chief antony jenkins, with two different capital types.
- [11x](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/11x.md): AI digital workers for revenue teams — autonomous SDR Alice and voice agent Jordan.
- [84.51°](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/eighty-four-fifty-one.md): Kroger’s retail data science, insights, and media subsidiary named for Cincinnati HQ longitude.
- [Abridge](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/abridge.md): AI medical scribe capturing clinician-patient conversations into structured EHR notes.
- [Acclinate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/acclinate.md): Digital health equity platform using NOWINCLUDED community engagement and AI to improve clinical trial diversity.
- [Accolade](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/accolade.md): Personalized healthcare navigation and benefits platform for self-insured employers.
- [Actifio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/actifio.md): Copy data virtualization and disaster recovery — acquired by Google Cloud in 2020.
- [ActionIQ](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/actioniq.md): Composable customer data platform — acquired by Uniphore in December 2024.
- [ActiveCampaign](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/activecampaign.md): Chicago customer experience automation platform — email, CRM, and omnichannel marketing for SMBs and mid-market.
- [ACV Auctions](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/acv-auctions.md): Digital wholesale marketplace for dealer-to-dealer used vehicle auctions.
- [Adaptive Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/adaptive-security.md): AI-native platform simulating deepfake voice, SMS, and email attacks to train employees against social engineering.
- [Adaptive Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/adaptive.md): AI-native platform to prevent social-engineering attacks — deepfakes, vishing, and smishing.
- [Adaptyv](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/adaptyv.md): YC S21 automated wet lab that synthesizes and tests AI-designed proteins and returns experimental data.
- [Addi](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/addi.md): Colombian BNPL and consumer credit platform for underbanked shoppers and merchants.
- [Aerodome](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/aerodome.md): Drone-as-first-responder platform for police — automated aerial response to 911 calls.
- [Affirm](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/affirm.md): Public buy-now-pay-later lender founded by Max Levchin (NASDAQ: AFRM).
- [AfterQuery](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/afterquery.md): Expert datasets and RL environments that encode how doctors, lawyers, and other practitioners actually work, sold to frontier AI labs.
- [AgentMail](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/agentmail.md): API-first email inboxes built for autonomous AI agents.
- [Agentrys](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/agentrys.md): Open Agentic Design Automation platform for semiconductor engineering teams.
- [AI Score](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ai-score.md): Real-time governance and control for generative and agentic AI across the enterprise.
- [Aiforia](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/aiforia.md): European institutional financing for ai-assisted pathology and cancer detection.
- [Aippy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/aippy.md): AI-native game community where anyone creates, plays, and remixes interactive games from text prompts — no coding.
- [AIR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/air-security.md): Inline firewall that discovers enterprise AI agents and continuously re-verifies the skills, plugins, and MCP servers they use.
- [Air Space Intelligence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/air-space-intelligence.md): AI-powered air operations platform (Flyways) for airlines and government airspace management.
- [Airbase](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/airbase.md): Software for automated radio-frequency spectrum licensing, coordination, and intelligence.
- [Airbnb](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/airbnb.md): Global marketplace connecting guests with short-term stays and experiences.
- [Airbound](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/airbound.md): Bengaluru startup building rocket-like VTOL delivery drones aiming for truck-cost aerial logistics.
- [AirGarage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/airgarage.md): Full-stack parking management platform for commercial real estate owners.
- [Airspace Link](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/airspace-link.md): Drone safety software and low-altitude digital infrastructure (AirHub) for cities and operators.
- [Aitan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/aitan.md): Robotic Sovereignty-as-a-Service — edge-AI robotic weapon systems and force orchestration for allied militaries.
- [Aiwyn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/aiwyn.md): Practice automation and payments platform for CPA firms — revenue cycle to practice management.
- [Ajaib](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ajaib.md): Indonesia multi-asset investment platform spanning equities, crypto, stablecoins, FX, and payments.
- [AKASA](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/akasa.md): Generative AI platform automating healthcare revenue cycle operations.
- [Akita Software](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/akita-software.md): API observability — auto-discovers and monitors APIs from traffic without SDKs.
- [Aktis Oncology](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/aktis-oncology.md): Clinical-stage radiopharmaceutical biotech targeting solid tumors with alpha emitters.
- [Alcatraz](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/alcatraz.md): Privacy-aware facial authentication replacing badges for physical access control.
- [Alchemy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/alchemy.md): Blockchain developer platform (node/API infrastructure) for web3 builders.
- [Alchemy Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/alchemy-health.md): End-to-end infrastructure for in-house pharmacy programs at HIV/HCV clinics.
- [Aleo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/aleo.md): Zero-knowledge blockchain platform for private, programmable applications.
- [Alice](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/alice.md): AI trust, safety, and security for frontier labs and enterprises — formerly ActiveFence.
- [Alkami](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/alkami.md): Cloud digital banking platform for U.S. banks and credit unions.
- [Alleviate Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/alleviate-health.md): AI recruiter automating patient enrollment for clinical research sites.
- [Allotera Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/allotera-therapeutics.md): Clinical-stage allogeneic (off-the-shelf) CAR-T company for T-cell malignancies — formerly Wugen.
- [Allset](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/allset.md): Restaurant ordering platform for contactless dine-in and local pickup.
- [Alluxio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/alluxio.md): Open-source data orchestration software for large-scale analytics and AI workloads.
- [Alpha-9 Oncology](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/alpha-9-oncology.md): Clinical-stage radiopharmaceutical company developing targeted cancer therapies.
- [AlphaSense](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/alphasense.md): AI market intelligence platform that searches 500M+ documents — filings, transcripts, broker research — with cited answers.
- [Alpine Bio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/alpine-bio.md): Biomanufacturing platform producing animal-free dairy proteins via engineered plants.
- [ALSO](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/also-mobility.md): Rivian-born small electric vehicles (TM-B bike, TM-Q quad) expanding into autonomous delivery.
- [Alta](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/alta.md): VR game studio building cooperative exploration worlds (A Township Tale).
- [Alteon](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/alteon.md): Bengaluru aerospace startup building dynamic-soaring autonomous aircraft for maritime persistence.
- [AltSchool](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/altschool.md): Personalized K-8 micro-school network and edtech platform (later Altitude Learning).
- [Amber](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/amber.md): RNA-based multi-kilobase gene editing platform for diseases with high allelic diversity.
- [Ambience](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ambience.md): Ambient AI platform for clinical documentation, medical coding, and health-system workflows.
- [Ambience Healthcare](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ambience-healthcare.md): Ambient AI platform for clinical documentation, coding, and health-system workflows.
- [Ambient.ai](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ambientai.md): Computer-vision intelligence platform for enterprise physical security.
- [Ambition](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ambition.md): Sales performance management and coaching software for revenue teams.
- [Amca](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/amca.md): Integrated aerospace and defense manufacturing platform for critical components.
- [Amiato](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/amiato.md): NoSQL-to-warehouse data migration for cloud analytics; acquired by AWS in 2014.
- [AminoChain](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/aminochain.md): Decentralized biobank network for user-owned health data across medical institutions.
- [Amplitude](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/amplitude.md): Product analytics and behavioral data platform for digital teams.
- [Anagram Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/anagram-therapeutics.md): Clinical-stage biotech developing non-porcine oral enzyme therapies to replace 15–40 daily pills for pancreatic insufficiency.
- [Anchorage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/anchorage.md): Regulated crypto custody and banking platform for institutions (Anchorage Digital).
- [Anduril](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/anduril.md): Software-defined defense systems — drones, counter-UAS, and autonomous military platforms.
- [Angle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/angle.md): Decentralized over-collateralized stablecoin protocol (EURA and USDA).
- [Anthropic](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/anthropic.md): AI safety company building Claude frontier models, API, and enterprise agents for coding and knowledge work.
- [Antioch](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/antioch.md): New York simulation platform for physical AI — $32M Series A led by Greylock; calibrates cloud-scale sims to customer hardware.
- [Anveshan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/anveshan.md): Indian D2C clean-label food brand selling traceable A2 ghee, cold-pressed oils, and honey via rural micro-entrepreneurs.
- [AnyRoad](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/anyroad.md): Experience relationship management platform for brand activations and events.
- [Anyscale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/anyscale.md): Commercial platform for Ray distributed computing — scale AI/ML workloads on any cloud.
- [Anysphere](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/anysphere.md): Company behind Cursor, the AI-native code editor for software development.
- [Apate.AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/apate-ai.md): Adversarial conversational AI agents that engage scammers and harvest fraud intelligence for banks and institutions.
- [Apeel Sciences](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/apeel-sciences.md): Plant-derived edible coatings that extend fresh-produce shelf life and reduce food waste.
- [Apex Space](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/apex-space.md): Productized satellite bus manufacturer (Aries, Nova, and Comet platforms).
- [Apollo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/apollo.md): GraphQL platform (Apollo GraphOS) for unified API development at enterprise scale.
- [Apollo Atomics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/apollo-atomics.md): Factory-built, truck-transportable compact pressurized water reactors aimed at AI data centers, industry, and utilities.
- [AppFolio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/appfolio.md): Cloud property management software for real estate operators.
- [Applied Atomics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/applied-atomics.md): Full-stack co-located SMR power plants sold to hyperscalers via long-term power purchase agreements.
- [Applied Intuition](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/applied-intuition.md): Simulation and validation software for autonomous vehicles, defense, and robotics.
- [Apptio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/apptio.md): IT financial management and cloud spend optimization software for enterprises.
- [Apptronik](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/apptronik.md): Austin humanoid robotics company shipping Apollo robots for warehouse and factory logistics pilots.
- [Apricot](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/apricot-health.md): AI documentation platform for home health agencies — cutting clinician paperwork time.
- [Aptos](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/aptos.md): High-throughput layer-1 blockchain built on the Move programming language.
- [Aradigm](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/aradigm.md): Benefits platform enabling sustainable employer access to cell and gene therapies.
- [Arbor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/arbor.md): AI research platform turning frontline employee and customer conversations into operational intelligence.
- [Arc](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/arc.md): Electric boats for consumer recreation and expanding into commercial and defense marine.
- [ArcheHealth](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/archehealth.md): AI operational intelligence platform that shows hospitals the true patient-level cost of care.
- [Arcjet](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/arcjet.md): Developer-first application security platform (bot protection, rate limiting).
- [Arda Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/arda-therapeutics.md): Targeted cell-depletion therapies for chronic diseases using oncology modalities outside cancer.
- [Arena](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/arena.md): AI evaluation platform behind Chatbot Arena / LMArena leaderboards.
- [Arimo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/arimo.md): Behavioral AI and predictive analytics for IoT and enterprise data (formerly Adatao).
- [Armada](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/armada.md): Modular edge AI data centers and full-stack edge computing platform.
- [Armadin](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/armadin.md): Autonomous AI agents for enterprise cyber defense (Mandiant founder's startup).
- [Arpeggi Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/arpeggi-labs.md): Web3 collaborative music creation software (Studio and on-chain production tools).
- [Arweave](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/arweave.md): Permanent decentralized data storage protocol — pay once, store forever on the permaweb.
- [Asana](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/asana.md): Work management and team collaboration software.
- [Asimov](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/asimov.md): Synthetic biology platform for designing and manufacturing genetic medicines.
- [Aslan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/aslan.md): Human-supervised AI agents for national-security and law-enforcement investigations in online criminal environments.
- [Asserts](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/asserts.md): Contextual observability intelligence for Prometheus and OpenTelemetry metrics.
- [Asserts.ai](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/assertsai.md): Observability contextual intelligence for Prometheus/OpenTelemetry (acquired by Grafana).
- [Assurex Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/assurex-health.md): Pharmacogenomic testing (GeneSight) to guide mental health medication decisions — acquired by Myriad Genetics.
- [Astral](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/astral.md): Python developer tools company behind Ruff, uv, and ty (acquired by OpenAI).
- [Astranis](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/astranis.md): Small geostationary satellites delivering dedicated regional broadband connectivity.
- [Astro Mechanica](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/astro-mechanica.md): Supersonic turboelectric adaptive jet engine and aircraft developer.
- [Astrobotic](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/astrobotic.md): Commercial lunar landers, rovers, and lunar logistics — CMU-rooted Pittsburgh Moon Base ops.
- [Astrocade](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/astrocade.md): AI social gaming platform that turns text prompts into playable games — co-founded by Fei-Fei Li.
- [Astromech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/astromech.md): Colossal spinout building predictive models of biology using evolutionary and genomic data.
- [Atarraya](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/atarraya.md): Sustainable urban shrimp farming via Slurry Immobilized Biofilm (SIB) bioreactors.
- [Atira](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/atira.md): AI orchestration for industrial sales engineering — RFQ intake, configuration, and bid documentation.
- [Atlys](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/atlys.md): Digital visa application platform for international travelers.
- [Atorie](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/atoire.md): Factory-direct apparel and handbags from luxury manufacturing partners, sold DTC with AI demand and shopping agents.
- [Aureka Biotechnologies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/aureka-biotechnologies.md): AI-native TechBio building biological foundation models with closed-loop wet-lab infrastructure.
- [AusperBio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ausperbio.md): Clinical-stage oligonucleotide company developing ASO and targeted-siRNA candidates aimed at a functional cure for chronic hepatitis B.
- [Authenticx](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/authenticx.md): Healthcare conversational intelligence — analyze customer call and interaction data at scale.
- [Authy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/authy.md): Two-factor authentication API for developers and enterprises.
- [Autograph](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/autograph.md): Web3 NFT platform for sports and entertainment digital collectibles.
- [Autograph.io](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/autographio.md): Web3 NFT platform for sports and entertainment digital collectibles (Autograph.io).
- [Automatic](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/automatic.md): OBD-II connected car adapters and apps for diagnostics, safety, and usage-based insurance.
- [Availity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/availity.md): Healthcare information network connecting payers, providers, and vendors for eligibility, claims, and clinical data exchange.
- [Avalanche](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/avalanche.md): Ava Labs layer-1 blockchain (Avalanche) for high-throughput smart contracts and subnets.
- [AvidXchange](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/avidxchange.md): AP automation and payments network for mid-market companies.
- [Avo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/avo.md): Clinical AI integrating into provider workflows for documentation and care management.
- [Axiom Space](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/axiom-space.md): Commercial human spaceflight, NASA spacesuits, and Axiom Station — commercial successor path to the ISS.
- [Axle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/axle.md): AI-native clearinghouse that verifies, monitors, and updates insurance policies via API for real-economy businesses.
- [AxoNeural Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/axoneural-therapeutics.md): Cleveland Clinic spinout developing nanoparticle-delivered therapeutics for neurodegenerative injury.
- [Axoni](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/axoni.md): Real-time data replication and post-trade infrastructure for capital markets.
- [Azra Games](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/azra-games.md): Web3 mobile RPG studio from ex-EA/BioWare leadership (Project Legends).
- [Aztec](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/aztec.md): Encrypted Ethereum L2 using zero-knowledge proofs for private smart contracts.
- [Babylon](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/babylon.md): Bitcoin staking and trustless collateral infrastructure (Babylon Labs).
- [Backbone](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/backbone-food.md): AI operating system for food quality and compliance — certificates, lab results, specs, and incidents in one cockpit.
- [Backbone Systems](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/backbone-systems.md): Clinical AI layer automating healthcare payments, prior auth, and claim correctness for payers and providers.
- [Backflip AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/backflip-ai.md): Generative AI platform that turns text and images into 3D-printable models.
- [Balcony](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/balcony.md): Blockchain infrastructure for digitizing U.S. property and land records.
- [Bandwidth](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bandwidth.md): Enterprise cloud communications APIs (voice, messaging) on a facilities-based network.
- [Barefoot Networks](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/barefoot-networks.md): Programmable Ethernet switch ASICs and P4 networking software for data centers.
- [Basata](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/basata.md): Specialty-specific AI agents automating healthcare admin — referrals, intake, scheduling, and follow-up.
- [Base Power](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/base-power.md): U.S.-made residential batteries and energy plans that aggregate into a virtual power plant — grid flexibility at the edge of the home.
- [Baseten](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/baseten.md): AI inference platform for deploying, serving, and autoscaling production models with OpenAI-compatible APIs.
- [Bastion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bastion.md): Enterprise web3 infrastructure for embedded wallets, custody, and stablecoin issuance.
- [Bayesian Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bayesian-health.md): Clinical AI platform for real-time patient risk stratification and triage in hospitals.
- [BayoTech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bayotech.md): Albuquerque modular on-site hydrogen production — Sandia-licensed steam methane reforming scaled via local hydrogen hubs.
- [BBA Inc](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bba-inc.md): Meldium — team SSO and cloud app password management, acquired by LogMeIn in 2014.
- [Beacons](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/beacons.md): Creator business platform for link-in-bio sites, storefronts, and audience monetization.
- [Beacons.ai](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/beaconsai.md): Creator business platform (Beacons.ai) for link-in-bio sites, storefronts, and audience monetization.
- [Bebop](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bebop.md): Stealth enterprise cloud application platform founded by Diane Greene.
- [Bedrock Robotics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bedrock-robotics.md): Retrofit autonomy kit turning 20–80 ton excavators into supervised self-driving earthmovers on construction sites.
- [Beeps](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/beeps.md): On-call incident platform that relays alerts to developers and AI agents in parallel.
- [Believer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/believer.md): Game studio building a next-gen open-world multiplayer IP from former Riot executives.
- [Bellhop](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bellhop.md): Tech-enabled moving marketplace and relocation services.
- [Belong](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/belong.md): Residential rental marketplace replacing landlord–tenant friction with homeowner–resident relationships.
- [Benchling](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/benchling.md): R&D cloud platform — the operating system for life science labs.
- [benefitbay](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/benefitbay.md): Broker-first ICHRA administration platform for employer health benefits.
- [Benefitfocus](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/benefitfocus.md): Cloud benefits administration software for employers, health plans, and brokers — Charleston HQ.
- [Benekiva](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/benekiva.md): Life insurance claims and policy administration software for carriers.
- [Benji](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/benji.md): Universal API for loyalty program partnerships — 'Plaid for loyalty points'.
- [BeReal](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bereal.md): Daily dual-camera photo app (acquired by Voodoo, June 2024).
- [Bevel](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bevel.md): AI inventory tools for disaster survivors expanding into private-risk / HNWI insurance advisory.
- [BigHat Biosciences](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bighat-biosciences.md): AI-guided antibody design platform (Milliner) for safer protein therapeutics.
- [BigScreen](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bigscreen.md): Social VR platform and Bigscreen Beyond micro-OLED headset hardware.
- [BioAge Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bioage-labs.md): Clinical-stage biotech targeting metabolic disease and aging biology (public: BIOA).
- [Biodock](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/biodock.md): No-code AI platform for biological microscopy image analysis.
- [Biome Makers](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/biome-makers.md): Soil microbiome analytics platform (BeCrop) for farmers, agronomists, and input manufacturers.
- [Bitski](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bitski.md): NFT infrastructure — embedded wallets and developer APIs (acquired by Phantom).
- [Black Forest Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/black-forest-labs.md): Frontier open and commercial image-generation models (FLUX family).
- [Black Ore Technologies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/black-ore-technologies.md): AI platform automating tax prep and financial-services workflows (Tax Autopilot).
- [Blackbaud](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/blackbaud.md): Cloud software for nonprofits, education, and social good organizations.
- [Blackbird](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/blackbird.md): Restaurant loyalty and payments network with web3 rails (Blackbird Labs).
- [Blackbird.xyz](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/blackbirdxyz.md): Alias for Blackbird Labs — restaurant loyalty and payments network.
- [Blacksmith](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/blacksmith.md): CI cloud on purpose-built hardware plus [code]smith agents that diagnose and autofix failed tests — validation infra for AI-generated code.
- [Blee](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/blee.md): NYC AI marketing-compliance platform — $20M Series A co-led by Fin Capital and SMBC Fin Atlas; $27M is lifetime, not this round.
- [Blend Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/blend-labs.md): Digital lending platform for mortgages and consumer banking (NYSE: BLND).
- [Blitzy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/blitzy.md): Autonomous enterprise software development platform that reverse-engineers codebases and ships 80%+ of projects via AI agents.
- [Blockspring](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/blockspring.md): API data connectors for spreadsheets (Excel and Google Sheets).
- [Bluevine](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bluevine.md): Online business banking and invoice factoring for SMBs.
- [Boku](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/boku.md): Carrier billing and mobile payments for digital goods and app stores.
- [Bold](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bold.md): Digital health platform delivering insurance-covered exercise programs for older adults.
- [Boltz](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/boltz.md): MIT-founded biotech applying open AI protein models to lab deployment (public-benefit corp).
- [Bonfire Studios](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bonfire-studios.md): Independent game studio (Arkheron) from former Blizzard VP Rob Pardo.
- [Boom Supersonic](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/boom-supersonic.md): Denver aerospace company building the Overture supersonic airliner and Symphony engine — plus Superpower turbines for AI data centers.
- [Boomtown Accelerators](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/boomtown.md): Charleston-rooted startup accelerator program for early-stage founders.
- [Border0](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/border0.md): Zero-trust infrastructure access replacing VPNs for engineers (acquired by Tailscale).
- [Boston Metal](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/boston-metal.md): Molten Oxide Electrolysis platform for low-carbon metals production.
- [Bounce](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bounce.md): Global luggage storage marketplace for travelers.
- [Box](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/box.md): Cloud content management and collaboration for enterprises (NYSE: BOX).
- [Bracket Computing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bracket-computing.md): Enterprise 'Computing Cell' software for secure multi-cloud workload portability.
- [Braid.ai](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/braidai.md): Creator-economy analytics and direct-to-fan tools (Braid.ai).
- [Braintrust](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/braintrust.md): AI evaluation, observability, and prompt tooling for production LLM products.
- [BRAMI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/brami.md): High-protein Mediterranean pasta from lupini beans — NYC consumer brand.
- [Branch](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/branch.md): Mobile deep-linking and attribution infrastructure (Branch.io).
- [Branch International](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/branch-international.md): Mobile-first lending and financial services for emerging markets (Branch.co).
- [Branch Technology](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/branch-technology.md): Large-scale 3D printing for construction and architectural freeform structures.
- [Braveheart](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/braveheart.md): Late-clinical biotech developing HCM therapy BHB-1893 (Hengrui-partnered).
- [Breedr](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/breedr.md): Precision livestock platform and marketplace digitizing individual cattle from birth to retail.
- [Breeze](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/breeze.md): Digital life insurance / insurtech platform simplifying term life purchase online.
- [Brex](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/brex.md): Corporate card and spend management for high-growth companies.
- [Brightside](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/brightside.md): Employer-sponsored financial care — debt, savings, and benefits navigation.
- [Brilliant Harvest](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/brilliant-harvest.md): AI customer experience platform for heavy equipment dealerships.
- [Bromium](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bromium.md): Micro-virtualization endpoint security isolating browser and app threats.
- [Buildcheck](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/buildcheck.md): Vision-based AI that reviews construction drawings for errors, omissions, and coordination conflicts before they hit the field.
- [Buildertrend](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/buildertrend.md): Cloud construction management software for residential builders and remodelers.
- [BuildZoom](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/buildzoom.md): Data-driven marketplace matching homeowners with licensed contractors.
- [Bulwark Dynamics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bulwark-dynamics.md): Autonomous beach-landing craft for contested maritime resupply of U.S. and allied forces.
- [Bump Technologies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bump-technologies.md): Mobile app for tap-to-share contacts, photos, and files between phones.
- [Bungii](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/bungii.md): On-demand last-mile delivery for large and bulky items — labor, vehicles, and logistics platform.
- [BuzzFeed](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/buzzfeed.md): Digital media and commerce platform for millennial and Gen Z audiences.
- [C2i Semiconductors](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/c2i-semiconductors.md): Bengaluru fabless chip startup building software-defined voltage regulators for AI data-center power delivery.
- [Cadre](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cadre.md): Institutional real-estate investing marketplace (acquired by Yieldstreet).
- [California Forever](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/california-forever.md): Ambitious new city / land development project in California backed by tech capital.
- [Callosum](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/callosum.md): Heterogeneous intelligence layer that routes each AI task to the best model and chip.
- [Camber](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/camber.md): AI-powered revenue cycle and insurance billing for specialty care clinics.
- [Cambridge Aerospace](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cambridge-aerospace.md): Low-cost air-defence interceptors and sensors for mass drone and missile threats.
- [CAMP4 Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/camp4-therapeutics.md): Regulatory RNA-targeting therapeutics to upregulate gene expression.
- [Camu](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/camu.md): AI-native fiscal document automation for Brazilian enterprises (SAP B1 integration).
- [Canal](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/canal.md): Distributed commerce platform for retailer third-party assortment (acquired by Rokt).
- [Canid](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/canid.md): Scan-and-go vaccine operations platform for independent pediatric practices.
- [Cantina AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cantina-ai.md): Social AI platform for persistent characters across voice, video, and text (Cantina).
- [Cape](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cape.md): Privacy-first mobile carrier with identifier rotation and secondary numbers.
- [Capital.xyz](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/capitalxyz.md): Founder-focused fundraising and banking platform (formerly Party Round).
- [Capitolis](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/capitolis.md): Capital markets SaaS optimizing bank balance sheets (novations, compressions, Ionic).
- [Capriza](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/capriza.md): Enterprise mobility platform that auto-converts web apps to mobile (legacy).
- [Captions](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/captions.md): AI creative studio for scripting, recording, and editing short-form talking videos.
- [Carbonated](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/carbonated.md): Mobile game studio building MadWorld, a real-time multiplayer tactics shooter with optional Web3 land ownership.
- [Cardinal Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cardinal-health.md): Global healthcare services and products company (NYSE:CAH) headquartered in Dublin, Ohio.
- [Cardiogram](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cardiogram.md): Apple Watch and wearable analytics for heart health and arrhythmia detection.
- [cargo.one](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cargo-one.md): Berlin AI-native OS for air and ocean freight — rate search, quoting, and e-booking for forwarders and carriers.
- [Cari](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cari.md): Bank-governed tokenized-deposit network so regional banks can move programmable money inside the regulatory perimeter.
- [Carry1st](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/carry1st.md): Africa-focused mobile games publisher and Pay1st payments marketplace.
- [Cart.com](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cart-com.md): Unified commerce and logistics platform — e-commerce software plus nationwide fulfillment network.
- [Carta](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/carta.md): Equity management and cap table platform for private companies and funds.
- [Cartography Biosciences](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cartography-biosciences.md): Oncology biotech building an antigen atlas for precise antibody immunotherapies.
- [Casa](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/casa.md): Subscription home management platform — digital twin plus concierge for single-family homeowners.
- [Castelion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/castelion.md): Hypersonic strike missiles built for industrial-rate output, starting with Blackbeard.
- [Catena Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/catena-labs.md): AI-native financial infrastructure for autonomous agents — wallets, payments, and compliance rails.
- [Cato](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cato-tenders.md): Milan AI platform that finds, analyzes, and drafts Italian public-tender bids for sales and procurement teams.
- [Caviar](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/caviar.md): Premium restaurant food delivery and catering platform.
- [Cazena](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cazena.md): Instant managed cloud data lake SaaS from the Netezza founding team.
- [CCP Games](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ccp-games.md): EVE Online studio building a blockchain-based MMO in the EVE universe.
- [Cedar](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cedar.md): Patient financial engagement platform simplifying medical billing for health systems.
- [Celo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/celo.md): Mobile-first blockchain for payments and stablecoins in emerging markets.
- [Census](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/census.md): Reverse ETL platform syncing warehouse-modeled data into CRMs, ad tools, and other business apps.
- [Centerline Biomedical](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/centerline-biomedical.md): Cleveland Clinic spinout of IOPS — non-X-ray 3D endovascular surgical navigation.
- [Cents](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cents.md): Vertical SaaS and payments for laundry and dry-cleaning operators.
- [Century Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/century-health.md): AI platform structuring real-world clinical data for pharma R&D and outcomes research.
- [Cerebras](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cerebras.md): Wafer-scale AI chips and inference cloud — CS-3 systems and Cerebras Inference API for training and production LLM serving.
- [Certain Energy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/certain-energy.md): Imperial spinout commercializing manganese flow batteries for long-duration grid storage.
- [CesiumAstro](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cesiumastro.md): Software-defined phased-array satellites and comms payloads for space, air, and defense missions.
- [Character.AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/character-ai.md): Consumer AI character / chat platform with massive engagement.
- [Character.AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/characterai.md): Consumer AI platform for personalized character chat powered by proprietary LLMs.
- [Chariot Defense](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/chariot-defense.md): American Dynamism play building electrical power infrastructure for military platforms at the edge.
- [ChartHop](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/charthop.md): People analytics platform with dynamic org charts, headcount planning, and HR data visualization.
- [Checker](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/checker.md): Stablecoin orchestration API for banks — liquidity, cross-border payments, and compliance in one layer.
- [Chestnut](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/chestnut.md): AI-native distribution management platform for insurance carriers — producer onboarding, hierarchies, and incentive compensation.
- [Chia](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/chia.md): Proof-of-space-and-time blockchain (Chia Network) designed for lower-energy crypto mining.
- [CHIP Professionals](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/chip-professionals.md): Fintech marketplace connecting consumers with Black and Latinx financial, tax, and estate-planning professionals.
- [Cider](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cider.md): Gen-Z direct-to-consumer fashion brand with on-demand, data-driven manufacturing.
- [Ciitizen](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ciitizen.md): Patient-consented medical records platform for cancer and chronic care.
- [CipherCloud](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ciphercloud.md): Cloud access security broker (CASB) and SASE platform for encrypting and governing SaaS data.
- [Circle Optics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/circle-optics.md): Stitch-free 360° panoramic imaging for defense ISR, counter-UAS, and autonomous sensing.
- [CivilGrid](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/civilgrid.md): Civil design software that maps underground utilities, ownership, and regulations so utilities and engineers can plan before they dig.
- [Civitai](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/civitai.md): Community marketplace for Stable Diffusion models and generative AI art.
- [Clarasight](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/clarasight.md): AI operating system for enterprise travel and expense program management.
- [Clay](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/clay.md): New York AI go-to-market platform — $115M Series D at $7.1B led by Wellington; last company ARR print is $100M in December 2025.
- [CleanFiber](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cleanfiber.md): High-performance cellulose building insulation made from recycled corrugated cardboard.
- [ClearStory Data](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/clearstory-data.md): Data harmonization and visual analytics platform blending internal and third-party datasets.
- [Clearwater Analytics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/clearwater-analytics.md): Cloud investment accounting and analytics platform for insurers, asset managers, and corporations.
- [Cleatus](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cleatus.md): Arlington agentic AI platform for government contracting — opportunity discovery, proposal writing, and federal capture workflows.
- [Clerk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/clerk.md): Drop-in authentication, user management, and session handling for web and mobile apps.
- [Clerky](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/clerky.md): YC S11 legal-paperwork platform for high-growth startups and the attorneys who represent them.
- [Cleveland Diagnostics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cleveland-diagnostics.md): Cancer diagnostics company commercializing IsoPSA and the IsoClear protein-structure platform.
- [ClickUp](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/clickup.md): All-in-one work OS combining docs, tasks, goals, whiteboards, and chat in one productivity platform.
- [Clipboard](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/clipboard.md): Web clipping and social bookmarking service for saving rich web snippets (Clipboard.com).
- [Clipto](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/clipto.md): Local-first AI search across video, audio, images, and documents on a user’s computer, with optional MCP access for agents.
- [Cloaked](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cloaked.md): Privacy platform for disposable identities, masked contacts, and enterprise identity-risk controls.
- [Cloover](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cloover.md): Berlin AI operating system that finances and software-enables independent installers of residential solar, heat pumps, and home electrification, then pools homes into a virtual power plant.
- [CloudNC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cloudnc.md): London CNC/CAM automation software — $20M Series B extension led by Nimble Ventures; CEO told TechCrunch lifetime capital is now $128M.
- [Clover Network](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/clover-network.md): One-tap mobile checkout and payments SDK for apps and mobile web.
- [Clubhouse](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/clubhouse.md): Social audio app for live voice rooms, creator conversations, and drop-in networking.
- [Cluely](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cluely.md): AI desktop assistant delivering real-time coaching and answers during meetings and sales calls.
- [Clutch](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/clutch.md): Digital loan origination and onboarding platform built for credit unions.
- [Co:Create](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/co-create.md): NFT infrastructure protocol helping projects launch tokens and manage DAOs.
- [Coactive](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/coactive.md): Multimodal AI platform to search, label, and analyze enterprise image and video data.
- [Coactive AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/coactive-ai.md): Multimodal AI platform to search, label, and analyze enterprise image and video data.
- [CodeCombat](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/codecombat.md): Game-based platform teaching kids computer science and coding.
- [CodeRabbit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/coderabbit.md): AI-native control layer for software change — independent code review plus agentic triage, explainability, and post-merge security.
- [Codi](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/codi.md): Flexible private office platform with turnkey workplace management for hybrid teams.
- [Cognichip](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cognichip.md): AI-native chip design platform shortening semiconductor iteration cycles for compute-heavy teams.
- [Cognition](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cognition.md): Autonomous AI software engineer Devin — agents that code, debug, and ship production software for enterprises.
- [Coinbase](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/coinbase.md): Leading U.S. crypto exchange and on-ramp — early a16z conviction bet that went public.
- [CoinSwitch](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/coinswitch.md): India's largest retail crypto app — CoinSwitch Kuber for rupee on/off-ramps and 100+ tokens.
- [Comet](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/comet-sneakers.md): Design-led Indian D2C sneaker brand expanding from limited drops into owned retail and proprietary soles.
- [Comma](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/comma.md): Aftermarket semi-autonomous driving hardware and software (Comma.ai).
- [Comma.ai](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/commaai.md): Aftermarket semi-autonomous driving kit from George Hotz's Comma.ai.
- [Command Zero](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/command-zero.md): AI agents that automate SOC investigations — alert triage to analyst-ready reports.
- [Common Sense Machines](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/common-sense-machines.md): AI models converting 2D images into 3D assets for games and spatial apps.
- [Companion Protect](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/companion-protect.md): B2B2C pet insurance and wellness program administrator for carriers, retailers, and partners.
- [Compound](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/compound.md): Ethereum lending protocol — algorithmic money markets with COMP governance token.
- [Compyl](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/compyl.md): Security and compliance automation platform for IT and GRC teams.
- [Concourse](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/concourse.md): Enterprise AI agents connected to ERPs and finance systems for corporate teams.
- [ConductorOne](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/conductorone.md): AI-native identity security platform for access governance across human and non-human identities.
- [Connect Music](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/connect-music.md): Music industry platform connecting artists, venues, and professionals (Memphis roots).
- [ConnectWise](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/connectwise.md): Integrated software platform for MSPs and technology solution providers (RMM, PSA, cybersecurity, backup).
- [Console](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/console.md): AI-native IT service desk that resolves Slack/Teams requests with agents — acquired by Palo Alto Networks in September 2026.
- [Conveo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/conveo.md): AI consumer research and intelligence platform for enterprise product, marketing, and strategy teams.
- [Convex](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/convex.md): Reactive TypeScript backend — database, serverless functions, and real-time sync in one platform.
- [Coral Care](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/coral-care.md): In-home pediatric speech, OT, and PT therapy platform with clinician practice tools.
- [Core Loop](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/core-loop.md): Game studio building a cross-platform web3 sandbox MMO.
- [Corgi Insurance](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/corgi-insurance.md): AI-native full-stack commercial insurer for startups — direct underwriting, claims, and embedded distribution.
- [Corma](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/corma.md): Frontier AI lab building foundation models for defensive cybersecurity.
- [Cotool](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cotool.md): AI agent operating system for cybersecurity detection and response teams.
- [Counsel Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/counsel-health.md): Physician-supervised async AI medical advice via messaging for employers and health plans.
- [Covenant](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/covenant.md): Defense startup that unveiled Anthem, a heavy-payload cruise missile, with $250M lifetime capital disclosed — not a dated September round; no valuation.
- [CoverCress](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/covercress.md): Gene-edited winter oilseed (pennycress) crop for low-carbon fuel feedstock and cover-crop benefits.
- [CoverMyMeds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/covermymeds.md): Medication access and prior-authorization technology connecting providers, pharmacies, payers, and manufacturers.
- [CoverTree](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/covertree.md): Insurtech for manufactured-home insurance — digital distribution, underwriting, and agent tools.
- [Cowboy Space Corporation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cowboy-space-corporation.md): Orbital infrastructure — space-based power transmission and data centers (ex-Aetherflux).
- [Createra](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/createra.md): Gen-Z UGC gaming metaverse with web3 creator tools.
- [CreatorDAO](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/creatordao.md): Web3 DAO pooling capital and ops support to invest in creators.
- [Cresta](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cresta.md): Real-time AI coaching and automation for contact center agents.
- [Cross River Bank](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cross-river-bank.md): Tech-forward bank powering fintech BaaS, lending, and payments rails.
- [Crossbeam](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/crossbeam.md): Partner ecosystem platform for secure account mapping and B2B co-selling.
- [Crusoe](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/crusoe.md): AI data-center developer and neocloud providing GPU infrastructure for hyperscalers, labs, and trading firms.
- [Crux](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/crux.md): Marketplace and infrastructure for transferable clean-energy tax credits.
- [Cryptoys](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cryptoys.md): NFT-native digital toy and gaming platform (OnChain Studios) on Flow.
- [Cuenca](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cuenca.md): Mexico City neobank for digital accounts and open-banking financial inclusion.
- [Culinary](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/culinary.md): a16z portfolio entry with no verified standalone company or product disclosure.
- [Cult of the North](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cult-of-the-north.md): Stockholm studio (formerly Seidr) building We Will Be Gods — shut down July 2025.
- [Culture Wireless](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/culture-wireless.md): Atlanta community-owned ISP delivering affordable broadband; a16z TxO Fall 2023.
- [Cumulus Networks](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cumulus-networks.md): Linux-based open networking OS for data center switches (acquired by NVIDIA, 2020).
- [Curie.Bio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/curiebio.md): Biotech VC/accelerator pairing $5–15M seed checks with embedded drug-discovery services.
- [Current](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/current.md): Consumer neobank for paycheck access, fee-free banking, and credit-building.
- [Cursor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cursor.md): AI-native code editor (Anysphere) that forks VS Code for agentic programming workflows.
- [CX2](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cx2.md): AI-driven electronic warfare systems for U.S. defense spectral dominance.
- [Cyera](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cyera.md): Data-security trust layer for enterprise AI — DSPM, DLP, and agentic access control across cloud and SaaS.
- [CYGNVS](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cygnvs.md): Crisis operating system for out-of-band cyber incident response.
- [Cymphony](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cymphony.md): Workforce-graph security that governs humans and AI agents as one identity/data risk surface.
- [Cyngn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/cyngn.md): Industrial autonomy company (NASDAQ: CYN) retrofitting forklifts with DriveMod AI.
- [Dapper Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dapper-labs.md): Creator of Flow blockchain, NBA Top Shot, and consumer NFT gaming.
- [Darkhive](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/darkhive.md): U.S.-made autonomous uncrewed aircraft systems and secure edge software for defense and public safety.
- [Databento](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/databento.md): Market data API platform for modern finance and quant workflows.
- [Databricks](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/databricks.md): Data + AI platform (lakehouse, Lakebase, Genie, Unity AI Gateway) for enterprises that train, govern, and run agents on their own data.
- [Dataminr](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dataminr.md): Real-time AI event detection from public data for enterprises, newsrooms, and government.
- [Datanomik](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/datanomik.md): LatAm open-banking API platform for multi-bank financial data.
- [Dayforce](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dayforce.md): HCM / payroll platform (formerly Ceridian Dayforce) for workforce management.
- [Daylight](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/daylight.md): DePIN energy network rewarding distributed solar/storage with on-chain finance.
- [DayOne](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dayone.md): Hyperscale AI-ready data center developer and operator across Asia-Pacific and Europe.
- [Daze](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/daze.md): Gen Z messaging app — chat as a creative canvas with drawings, stickers, and AI.
- [dbt Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dbt-labs.md): Analytics engineering platform — dbt transforms warehouse data into tested metrics layers.
- [DebtBook](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/debtbook.md): Debt and lease management software for governments and institutions.
- [Decagon](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/decagon.md): Enterprise AI agents automating customer support across chat, voice, and ops.
- [Decart](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/decart.md): Real-time generative world models for gaming, robotics simulation, and physical AI.
- [Deel](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/deel.md): Global payroll and compliance platform for hiring and paying international teams.
- [Deep Cogito](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/deep-cogito.md): San Francisco post-training lab building open-weight Cogito models and enterprise-owned specialized models — not Cogito Corp, the Boston contact-center coach.
- [DeepCell](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/deepcell.md): AI-powered single-cell imaging platform classifying cells by morphology without markers.
- [DeepInfra](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/deepinfra.md): Managed AI inference cloud — OpenAI-compatible API for 190+ open models at production scale.
- [DeepMap](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/deepmap.md): High-definition mapping and localization for autonomous vehicles.
- [Deepr](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/deepr.md): Atlanta music-discovery app surfacing songwriter and producer credits.
- [Deeptune](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/deeptune.md): RL environment vendor building high-fidelity computer-use training gyms for AI labs (acquired by Mercor, 2026).
- [Delphix](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/delphix.md): Database virtualization and test data management (acquired by Perforce, 2024).
- [DELV](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/delv.md): Former Element Finance — fixed-rate DeFi yield protocol (wound down 2025).
- [depthfirst](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/depthfirst.md): Applied AI lab building security-specific models and autonomous remediation (General Security Intelligence).
- [Descript](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/descript.md): AI-powered audio and video editor — edit media like a text document.
- [DeSO](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/deso.md): Layer-1 blockchain for decentralized social apps (ex-BitClout).
- [Destruction Labz](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/destruction-labz.md): LA gaming studio (ex-Epic founders) building immersive experiences and web3 IP.
- [Devoted Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/devoted-health.md): Tech-enabled Medicare Advantage insurer integrating care navigation and clinical services.
- [Dfinity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dfinity.md): Internet Computer (ICP) — decentralized blockchain hosting web-speed smart contracts and apps.
- [Dialpad](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dialpad.md): AI-native unified communications and contact center platform (UCaaS + CCaaS).
- [Dialytix](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dialytix.md): UAB spinout Kidney Cloud platform for real-time kidney disease care management and dialysis ops.
- [Diameter Pay](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/diameter-pay.md): Compliance-first U.S. dollar rails, virtual accounts, and stablecoin on/off-ramps for banks and fintechs.
- [Digital Asset](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/digital-asset.md): Creator of Canton Network — privacy-enabled L1 blockchain for institutional tokenization and settlement.
- [DigitalOcean](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/digitalocean.md): Cloud infrastructure platform for developers and SMBs.
- [Digs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/digs.md): AI software for residential construction — digital twin from pre-build through warranty.
- [Diode](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/diode.md): AI software automating PCB schematic design for U.S. circuit-board manufacturing.
- [Direct Supply](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/direct-supply.md): Employee-owned provider of equipment, eCommerce, and services for senior living and healthcare.
- [Dishpatch](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dishpatch.md): Premium finish-at-home meal kits from top UK restaurants (acquired by Waitrose, 2024).
- [Dispatch](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dispatch.md): Sidewalk delivery-robot startup acquired by Amazon for Scout program.
- [Distributional](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/distributional.md): AI evaluation platform measuring production ML model quality, drift, and reliability.
- [District](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/district.md): AI commerce platform for live selling, auctions, and community marketplaces.
- [Divvy Homes](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/divvy-homes.md): Rent-to-own housing platform — renters build equity toward homeownership.
- [Dollar Shave Club](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dollar-shave-club.md): Subscription razor and grooming brand built on viral DTC marketing (acquired by Unilever, 2016).
- [DoNotPay](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/donotpay.md): Consumer legal-automation app — 'robot lawyer' for parking tickets, subscriptions, bureaucracy.
- [DoorDash](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/doordash.md): U.S. delivery logistics platform — public on NYSE as DASH since December 2020.
- [Doppel](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/doppel.md): AI-native platform detecting and removing social-engineering impersonation and phishing.
- [Doxel](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/doxel.md): Computer-vision construction progress tracking — robots and drones vs. BIM plans.
- [DPL Financial Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dpl-financial-partners.md): Insurance and annuity marketplace platform for RIAs and fee-based advisors.
- [DriveWealth](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/drivewealth.md): API-based brokerage infrastructure for embedded investing — fractional trading and securities rails for fintechs and brands.
- [Duo Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/duo-security.md): Cloud multi-factor authentication and zero-trust access platform — acquired by Cisco.
- [Duolingo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/duolingo.md): Mobile-first language learning platform — gamified lessons at consumer internet scale.
- [Dwelly](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dwelly.md): AI-native operating system and roll-up for UK residential lettings agencies.
- [Dwolla](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dwolla.md): ACH payments API for programmatic U.S. bank-to-bank transfers.
- [dYdX](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dydx.md): Decentralized perpetuals exchange on dYdX Chain appchain.
- [Dynamic](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dynamic.md): Web3 wallet authentication SDK — embedded wallets and passkey onboarding (acquired by Fireblocks, 2025).
- [Dynamic Labs, Inc.](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dynamic-labs-inc.md): Legal entity for Dynamic wallet auth SDK (acquired by Fireblocks, Oct 2025).
- [Dyno Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dyno-therapeutics.md): AI-designed AAV capsids for gene therapy — CapsidMap platform with Novartis, Sarepta, Roche.
- [DZYNE Technologies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/dzyne-technologies.md): Group 1–5 autonomous UAS platforms and counter-UAS systems for U.S. defense customers.
- [E-3 Tech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/e-3-tech.md): AI and programmatic M&A holdco tech-enabling traditional services businesses.
- [Earli](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/earli.md): Synthetic biopsy biotech — forces tumors to produce detectable biomarkers for early cancer localization.
- [Earn.com](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/earncom.md): Paid email and micropayments platform (formerly 21.co) — acquired by Coinbase, 2018.
- [Earnin](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/earnin.md): Earned wage access app — cash out paychecks early without mandatory fees or payday loans.
- [Ease Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ease-health.md): AI-native OS unifying EHR, RCM, and CRM for behavioral health providers.
- [Easy Aerial](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/easy-aerial.md): Autonomous tethered drone systems for persistent ISR, force protection, and critical infrastructure.
- [Eclypsium](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/eclypsium.md): Portland firmware and supply-chain security platform for enterprise hardware, AI infrastructure, and edge devices.
- [Eco](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/eco.md): Digital wallet and savings platform with crypto-linked rewards.
- [EGIDE](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/egide.md): Affordable electrically propelled interceptors and Mystique C-UAS platform for drone defense.
- [EigenLayer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/eigenlayer.md): Ethereum restaking protocol that lets stakers extend crypto-economic security to other protocols and services.
- [Eisen](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/eisen.md): AI-enabled compliance ops infrastructure for escheatment, disbursement, and 1099 reporting.
- [Elegen](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/elegen.md): Next-generation cell-free DNA synthesis for genetic medicine manufacturing.
- [ElevenLabs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/elevenlabs.md): AI audio company ElevenLabs announced a $180M Series C on Jan. 30, 2025, at a reported $3.3B post-money valuation.
- [Eligible](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/eligible.md): Eligible is an Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) portfolio company currently tracked as part of our hot a16z coverage set.
- [EliseAI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/eliseai.md): Vertical AI automating leasing and healthcare operations for housing and health systems.
- [Emerald AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/emerald-ai.md): Software that turns AI data centers into flexible grid loads so they can interconnect faster without dropping critical jobs.
- [Empirik](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/empirik.md): AI that predicts infrastructure outage ripple effects from system changes before alerts fire.
- [Encamp](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/encamp.md): EHS compliance platform — environmental data management and regulatory reporting automation.
- [End Game](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/end-game.md): End Game is an Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) portfolio company currently tracked as part of our hot a16z coverage set.
- [Endra](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/endra.md): AI automating MEP building design for mechanical, electrical, and plumbing consultants.
- [Engflow](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/engflow.md): Remote build execution and caching for Bazel and large-scale software compilation.
- [Enigmata](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/enigmata.md): Cryptography that lets AI train and search on data that never appears as plaintext.
- [Entire](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/entire.md): AI code management platform preserving context and governance for agent-generated code.
- [Entropy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/entropy.md): Decentralized crypto custody startup — shut down and returned capital (Jan 2026).
- [Envoy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/envoy.md): Workplace visitor management and desk-booking platform for hybrid offices.
- [EPAL, INC.](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/epal-inc.md): Gaming companion marketplace (E-PAL) plus Balance.fun Web3 game infrastructure.
- [EQRx](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/eqrx.md): Biotech that licensed and developed lower-cost branded cancer drugs before winding down after Revolution Medicines acquisition.
- [Equal IQ](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/equal-iq.md): Revenue infrastructure for sports, media, and entertainment — contract negotiation, obligations, and payment execution.
- [Equals](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/equals.md): Browser-based spreadsheet with live database connectors to replace Excel workflows.
- [Erasca](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/erasca.md): Clinical-stage oncology company developing therapies that shut down multiple cancer growth pathways simultaneously.
- [Eridu](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/eridu.md): AI networking startup building interconnect for million-GPU cluster scale.
- [Escape](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/escape.md): AI-native offensive security platform — continuous API discovery, pentesting, and remediation agents.
- [Esperion Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/esperion-therapeutics.md): Public biotech developing oral non-statin LDL-cholesterol therapies (NEXLETOL/NEXLIZET).
- [Espresso](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/espresso.md): Shared sequencing marketplace for Ethereum rollups and L2 interoperability.
- [Etched](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/etched.md): Rack-scale custom inference clusters with silicon for prefill and decode, not a GPU neocloud.
- [Ethos](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ethos.md): AI expert-matching platform that verifies skills via voice interviews and work samples.
- [Euno](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/euno.md): AI-native enterprise context brain that reconstructs organizational knowledge so agents know what data to trust.
- [Eve](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/eve.md): AI operating system for plaintiff law firms from intake through settlement.
- [Everlaw](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/everlaw.md): Cloud-native e-discovery and litigation investigation platform for legal teams.
- [Evertune](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/evertune.md): Marketing analytics tracking how brands appear in LLM chatbot outputs.
- [Everyrealm](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/everyrealm.md): Metaverse real-estate investor and developer across NFT game worlds.
- [evroc](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/evroc.md): European sovereign hyperscale cloud and data center operator (Stockholm-based).
- [Exa](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/exa.md): AI-native web search API built for developers and AI agents, not traditional search portals.
- [Exact Sciences](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/exact-sciences.md): Molecular diagnostics company behind Cologuard and broader cancer screening/therapy guidance tests.
- [Exowatt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/exowatt.md): Modular thermal energy storage for AI data-center power needs.
- [Facebook](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/facebook.md): Social network that grew from a Harvard dorm project into Meta's core platform; now trades as META on NASDAQ.
- [Factorial](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/factorial.md): AI workforce operations platform — HR, payroll, finance, and IT automation for European SMBs.
- [Factual](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/factual.md): Neutral location-data platform for POI, audiences, and measurement—merged into Foursquare in 2020.
- [Faireez](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/faireez.md): Subscription housekeeping for multifamily buildings — hotel-style service with ops software.
- [fal](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fal.md): Real-time generative media inference APIs for image, video, audio, and 3D at scale.
- [Fanatics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fanatics.md): Licensed sports merchandise e-commerce and collectibles platform.
- [Faraway](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/faraway.md): Browser-based multiplayer games with player-owned economies on Solana.
- [Faro AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/faro-ai.md): Structured clinical-development data models and agentic AI from protocol intent through execution.
- [Farther](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/farther.md): Technology-native wealth management platform for RIAs and high-net-worth clients.
- [Fashivly](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fashivly.md): Digital personal-styling platform delivering human-curated outfit lookbooks matched to body, budget, and lifestyle.
- [Fasset](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fasset.md): Stablecoin-powered neobanking for emerging markets.
- [favorited](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/favorited.md): favorited is an Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) portfolio company currently tracked as part of our hot a16z coverage set.
- [Feedplan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/feedplan.md): Restaurant meal-plan marketplace where consumers prepay for discounted multi-meal bundles at local restaurants.
- [Fei Protocol](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fei-protocol.md): Algorithmic USD stablecoin protocol that merged with Rari Capital — both wound down after 2022 exploits.
- [Félix](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/felix-pago.md): WhatsApp-native remittances and conversational financial services for Latino immigrants in the U.S.
- [Félix](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/felix.md): WhatsApp-based remittance and financial-services platform for Latin American immigrants in the United States.
- [Fervo Energy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fervo-energy.md): Next-generation enhanced geothermal systems delivering 24/7 carbon-free electricity.
- [Fetch](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fetch-rewards.md): Consumer rewards app: scan receipts / shop to earn gift cards; sells brand insights.
- [Fidocure](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fidocure.md): Precision oncology platform matching canine cancer to targeted therapies via genomic testing.
- [FiftyThree](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fiftythree.md): FiftyThree created the Paper iPad drawing app (Apple App of the Year 2012) before WeTransfer acquired its assets in 2018.
- [Figma](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/figma.md): Collaborative interface design platform that became the default design system tool.
- [Filament](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/filament.md): Blockchain hardware and software for enterprise and industrial IoT device security and transactions.
- [Filmhub](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/filmhub.md): Direct-to-streaming distribution marketplace for independent filmmakers.
- [FingerprintsDAO](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fingerprintsdao.md): DAO and collector community commissioning blockchain-native digital art.
- [FinOpti](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/finopti.md): Embedded banking and cash-management infrastructure for SaaS, payroll, and property platforms.
- [Finxact](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/finxact.md): Cloud-native core banking and embedded-finance platform acquired by Fiserv; Jacksonville-founded API-first infrastructure.
- [Firefly](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/firefly.md): Firefly is an Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) portfolio company currently tracked as part of our hot a16z coverage set.
- [Firefly Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/firefly-health.md): Virtual-first primary care and employer health-plan platform.
- [Firmus](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/firmus.md): Australian AI Factory platform building energy-efficient, NVIDIA-aligned AI infrastructure across Asia-Pacific.
- [Firstbase](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/firstbase.md): Remote-work infrastructure provisioning hardware and software for distributed teams.
- [FirstClub](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/firstclub.md): Quality-first quick commerce — premium groceries and household essentials in 20–25 minutes.
- [FiscalNote](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fiscalnote.md): Washington, DC policy intelligence and government relations SaaS — legislative tracking, advocacy, and market intelligence.
- [Fivetran](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fivetran.md): Automated data integration / ELT pipelines into cloud warehouses.
- [Flagler Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/flagler-health.md): AI-native operating system for musculoskeletal clinics that runs inside existing EMRs.
- [Flash Hoops](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/flash-hoops.md): Edtech platform blending basketball drills with standards-aligned math practice for grades 3–8.
- [Flavrs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/flavrs.md): Flavrs is an Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) portfolio company currently tracked as part of our hot a16z coverage set.
- [Fleek](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fleek.md): AI-powered wholesale marketplace for secondhand fashion supply chains.
- [Flexport](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/flexport.md): Digital freight forwarder modernizing global trade logistics.
- [Flock Homes](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/flock-homes.md): 721-exchange platform letting landlords swap rentals for shares in a managed portfolio.
- [Flock Safety](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/flock-safety.md): Public-safety technology (ALPR / camera networks) used by thousands of agencies.
- [Flow](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/flow.md): Layer-1 blockchain from Dapper Labs built for consumer apps, NFTs, and mainstream crypto UX.
- [Flowcarbon](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/flowcarbon.md): Blockchain infrastructure tokenizing voluntary carbon credits for transparent trading.
- [Fluencify](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fluencify.md): AI-operated creator/UGC campaigns that brands brief once and Fluencify runs end-to-end with ambassador creators.
- [Flutter](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/flutter.md): Flutter (YC W12) brought Kinect-style webcam gesture control to desktop media apps before Google acquired it in 2013.
- [Fly.io](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fly-io.md): Developer platform for running full-stack apps close to users globally.
- [Fly.io](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/flyio.md): Edge compute platform deploying apps close to users for low-latency global delivery.
- [FlyHomes](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/flyhomes.md): Real estate fintech providing buy-before-you-sell lending and wholesale mortgage products.
- [Foodology](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/foodology.md): Latin American cloud-kitchen operator building virtual restaurant brands for delivery.
- [Forcura](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/forcura.md): Jacksonville post-acute care workflow software — merged with Medalogix (Mar 2025) and rebranded as Mosai.
- [Form Energy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/form-energy.md): Iron-air multi-day battery systems for utilities and large power buyers — ~100-hour grid storage priced for energy capacity, not short-duration peaking.
- [Formation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/formation.md): Engineering training platform focused on preparing software engineers for top-tier roles.
- [Formation Bio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/formation-bio.md): AI-native pharma company in-licensing and accelerating clinical-stage drug development.
- [Forta Network](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/forta-network.md): Decentralized real-time monitoring network detecting threats and anomalies on blockchain transactions.
- [Forte](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/forte.md): Blockchain platform helping game developers build compliant token economies and NFT marketplaces.
- [Forte Labs, Inc.](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/forte-labs-inc.md): Legal entity behind Forte's blockchain gaming infrastructure for token economies and NFT marketplaces.
- [Fortuna Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fortuna-health.md): Consumer-first platform simplifying Medicaid enrollment, navigation, and recertification.
- [Forus](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/forus.md): AI network that moves specialty prescriptions from doctor order through insurance, assistance, and pharmacy — free for clinics and patients, paid by biopharma.
- [Forward Networks](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/forward-networks.md): Network assurance platform that models enterprise networks as searchable digital twins for verification and troubleshooting.
- [Foundation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/foundation.md): Curated NFT marketplace for digital art and creative auctions on Ethereum.
- [Foursquare](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/foursquare.md): Location intelligence and places-data platform for enterprises and developers.
- [Freatic](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/freatic.md): On-chain information markets protocol for decentralized prediction and data feeds.
- [FreeFall Aerospace](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/freefall-aerospace.md): Inflatable antenna systems for satellite and space communications.
- [Freenome](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/freenome.md): AI-driven multi-cancer early detection from a routine blood draw.
- [Friends with Benefits](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/friends-with-benefits.md): Friends with Benefits is an Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) portfolio company currently tracked as part of our hot a16z cover
- [Fringe Metrology](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fringe-metrology.md): Structured-light optical metrology for semiconductor wafer topography and large-scale precision surfaces.
- [Frontier Computing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/frontier-computing.md): Grows lab-cultured neural tissue as a machine-learning substrate — wetware, not another GPU neocloud.
- [Fudo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fudo.md): Restaurant operating system and POS software for independent Latin American restaurants.
- [Function Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/function-health.md): Membership-based preventive health platform offering comprehensive lab testing and medical intelligence.
- [Function Oncology](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/function-oncology.md): CRISPR-powered functional genomics to match cancer patients with targeted therapies beyond sequencing alone.
- [Fundly.ai](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fundly-ai.md): B2B pharma commerce, payments, and embedded credit for India’s retail and distributor supply chain.
- [Furo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/furo.md): Software that optimizes industrial battery storage so commercial sites cut power costs.
- [FurtherAI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/furtherai.md): Insurance-native AI workspace automating submissions, underwriting audits, claims intake, and policy comparisons.
- [Fusion I/O](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fusion-i-o.md): Pioneer of PCIe flash storage for data centers—NYSE IPO 2011, acquired by SanDisk 2014.
- [FWB](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/fwb.md): Friends With Benefits — token-gated creative community and DAO experimenting at the intersection of culture and Web3.
- [Gain Compliance](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gain-compliance.md): Cloud-native NAIC statutory financial reporting software for insurance carriers.
- [Gainspeed](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gainspeed.md): Virtual CCAP and distributed access software for cable operators—acquired by Nokia 2016.
- [Galadyne](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/galadyne.md): Defense startup building scalable liquid-propulsion missile systems for strike and intercept missions.
- [Galvanic Energy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/galvanic-energy.md): Oklahoma City lithium brine exploration company advancing domestic EV battery supply-chain resources.
- [Gamebeast](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gamebeast.md): LiveOps and analytics platform for Roblox and UGC game developers — remote configs, A/B tests, no client updates.
- [GamerXSociety](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gamerxsociety.md): Gaming company building inclusive, culture-forward interactive entertainment for underserved audiences.
- [Gamma.app](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gammaapp.md): AI-native platform for creating presentations, documents, and visual storytelling.
- [Garner Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/garner-health.md): Employer benefit that ranks in-network doctors on outcomes and reimburses members who see top performers.
- [Gate Bio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gate-bio.md): Biotech developing oral Molecular Gate medicines that eliminate disease-causing proteins.
- [Gate Bioscience](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gate-bioscience.md): Biotech developing oral Molecular Gate medicines that eliminate disease-causing proteins.
- [Gatik](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gatik.md): Autonomous middle-mile trucking: driverless freight between distribution centers and stores on OEM chassis.
- [GC Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gc-therapeutics.md): Cell-therapy biotech using George Church–originated iPSC programming platform TFome.
- [Geneoscopy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/geneoscopy.md): GI diagnostics company — noninvasive colorectal cancer screening (ColoSense) and related tests.
- [General Translation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/general-translation.md): Developer-focused localization and internationalization (i18n) platform for software products.
- [Generalist AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/generalist-ai.md): Foundation models for robots — software brains that learn physical tasks from short video demonstrations.
- [Genesis Molecular AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/genesis-molecular-ai.md): AI-first drug discovery company using generative models for small-molecule design.
- [Genesis Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/genesis-therapeutics.md): AI molecular discovery company for small-molecule drug design (now Genesis Molecular AI).
- [Genius](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/genius.md): Crowdsourced lyrics annotation platform (formerly Rap Genius)—acquired by MediaLab for $80M in 2021.
- [Gensyn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gensyn.md): Decentralized marketplace protocol connecting ML developers with global compute providers for verifiable model training.
- [GetWhys](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/getwhys.md): AI buyer-intelligence platform that grounds GTM content in real buyer interview insights.
- [Ghost](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ghost.md): B2B marketplace helping brands and retailers buy and sell surplus inventory.
- [Gimlet Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gimlet-labs.md): Multi-architecture AI inference routing that splits workloads across heterogeneous chips.
- [Gitbutler](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gitbutler.md): Modern git client for parallel branches — stacking, reviewing, and shipping code faster than linear workflows.
- [GitHub](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/github.md): Developer platform for hosting, reviewing, and collaborating on code — acquired by Microsoft in 2018.
- [Glif](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/glif.md): Creative AI super-agent orchestrating generative models for ads, video, and content production.
- [Glimpse](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/glimpse.md): AI platform automating retail deductions and revenue recovery for CPG brands.
- [Glorify](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/glorify.md): Faith-based wellness app offering guided prayer, Bible devotionals, and Christian music.
- [Glossbird](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/glossbird.md): Wellness-focused gaming experiences for audiences underserved by mainstream titles.
- [Glow](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/glow.md): Women's health and fertility-tracking app founded by Max Levchin.
- [Gnosis Freight](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gnosis-freight.md): Supply-chain visibility and freight collaboration software for shippers and logistics teams.
- [Gobble](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gobble.md): 15-minute dinner meal-kit delivery for busy families—acquired by Intelligent Foods in 2022, still operating.
- [Golden](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/golden.md): Self-constructing knowledge graph for research—acquired by ComplyAdvantage in 2024.
- [Golden Recursion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/golden-recursion.md): Self-constructing knowledge database combining AI and human curation (acquired 2024).
- [GoodData](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gooddata.md): Cloud analytics and business-intelligence platform for enterprise data products.
- [Graft Concepts](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/graft-concepts.md): Modular iPhone cases with interchangeable backplates and a quick-release latch — YC S13 hardware startup, now inactive.
- [Granola](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/granola.md): AI meeting notes that convert transcripts into actionable workflow outputs, not summaries.
- [Granular](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/granular.md): Farm-management software for large commercial growers (acquired by Corteva).
- [Graphite](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/graphite.md): AI code review and stacked PR platform—acquired by Cursor (Anysphere) in December 2025.
- [Grapple](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/grapple.md): AI-powered data analytics platform that unifies business data from spreadsheets, databases, and SaaS apps.
- [Gravie](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gravie.md): Health benefits platform offering alternative coverage models including healthtech ICHRA/direct-path solutions.
- [Gravis Robotics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gravis-robotics.md): Retrofit autonomy kits (Gravis Rack) that add copilot or full autonomy to mixed-brand excavators and heavy construction machines.
- [Gray Swan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gray-swan.md): Carnegie Mellon spinout securing AI models and agents with red-teaming, runtime guardrails, and a 15K+ researcher Arena.
- [Greenlight](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/greenlight.md): Family fintech: parent-managed debit cards, chores, savings, and kid investing in one app.
- [Greether](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/greether.md): Marketplace helping solo women travelers find verified local guides and safe travel companions.
- [Grepr](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/greply.md): AI observability platform that cuts telemetry noise and observability spend without replacing existing tools.
- [Grepr](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/grepr.md): AI observability platform that cuts telemetry noise and observability spend without replacing existing tools.
- [Greyparrot](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/greyparrot.md): Computer vision for sorting facilities and the circular-economy data layer.
- [Gridsight](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gridsight.md): AI capacity-management software that helps utilities use existing grid capacity for DERs, EVs, and data centers.
- [GRIN](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/grin.md): Creator relationship management (CRM) platform for influencer and affiliate marketing teams.
- [Groq](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/groq.md): AI inference neocloud operating NVIDIA-architecture clusters after exiting the pure LPU-chip challenger path.
- [Groupon, Inc.](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/groupon-inc.md): Daily-deal and local-commerce marketplace; went public on NASDAQ in 2011.
- [Guardio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/guardio.md): Person-centric consumer cybersecurity against AI-scaled scams and account attacks.
- [Guidesly](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/guidesly.md): SaaS and marketplace platform for outdoor recreation guides and booking.
- [Gusto](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gusto.md): Payroll, benefits, and HR platform for small businesses.
- [Gym Class VR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/gym-class-vr.md): Social VR basketball from IRL Studios—top sports title on Meta Quest with NBA licensing.
- [Hadrian](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hadrian.md): Automated precision manufacturing factories for aerospace and defense parts.
- [Halliday](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/halliday.md): Agentic Workflow Protocol for Web3 — automate onchain payments and treasury flows without per-use-case smart contracts.
- [Happy Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/happy-health.md): FDA-cleared smart ring and physician-guided platform for at-home sleep apnea diagnosis and continuous home care.
- [HappyRobot](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/happyrobot.md): Agentic AI platform that builds, deploys, and manages enterprise agents across voice, email, documents, and web — starting in logistics ops.
- [Harbor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/harbor.md): Blockchain compliance platform for tokenizing private securities (R-Token); acquired by BitGo in 2020.
- [Hark](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hark.md): Brett Adcock's AI lab building multimodal personal intelligence plus purpose-built hardware devices.
- [Harvey](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/harvey.md): Legal AI for law firms and in-house teams — $550M at $15.5B (company) on September 9, 2026; Bloomberg printed $15.6B; company blog omitted ARR.
- [Hatch](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hatch.md): Enterprise customer activation platform (formerly Belly SMB loyalty)—Belly assets sold to Mobivity in 2018.
- [Hatch Loyalty](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hatch-loyalty.md): Digital loyalty platform for brick-and-mortar merchants — originally Belly, acquired by Stuzo in 2019.
- [Hazlnut](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hazlnut.md): Restaurant digital menu and QR ordering platform for hospitality operators.
- [Headway](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/headway.md): Insurance-network platform connecting patients to in-network therapists — largest mental-health provider network in the U.S.
- [HealthSherpa](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/healthsherpa.md): ACA health insurance enrollment platform for consumers, employers, and agents.
- [Heaviside Industries](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/heaviside-industries.md): Autonomous precision munitions across air, land, and sea for U.S. and allied forces.
- [Hebbia](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hebbia.md): AI knowledge worker platform for complex document reasoning in finance and professional services.
- [Hedra](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hedra.md): Generative video platform for lifelike digital characters using the Character-3 foundation model.
- [Helcim](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/helcim.md): Transparent payments and software platform for North American small and mid-sized businesses.
- [Helion Energy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/helion-energy.md): Everett, Washington fusion company building the Orion power plant for commercial zero-carbon electricity.
- [Helix](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/helix.md): Population genomics and clinical-research platform spun out of Illumina — consumer DNA marketplace.
- [Helsing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/helsing.md): European defense-AI company building autonomous systems, drones, and sovereign defense software.
- [Hera](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hera.md): AI-powered senior care coordination platform expanding across U.S. states.
- [Herdr](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/herdr.md): YC terminal runtime for AI agents — $6M seed led by Bessemer; YC and e2vc participated; no valuation.
- [Here Not There Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/here-not-there-labs.md): Builder of Towns — decentralized, E2E-encrypted group chat protocol for online communities.
- [Here Not There, Inc.](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/here-not-there-inc.md): Corporate parent of Towns protocol (Here Not There Labs) — decentralized community messaging.
- [Heron Power](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/heron-power.md): Solid-state transformer company (Heron Link) modernizing grid connections for data centers and renewables.
- [Hex](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hex.md): Collaborative analytics notebook combining SQL, Python, R, and no-code into shareable data apps.
- [HiBob](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hibob.md): People platform and organizational intelligence layer for mid-market and enterprise HR, payroll, and workforce context.
- [HiddenLayer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hiddenlayer.md): Security platform for AI models, agents, and workflows — discovery, runtime protection, and supply-chain scanning.
- [Higgsfield](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/higgsfield.md): AI image and video production platform for creators and enterprise marketing teams (Cinema Studio, Marketing Studio).
- [HighRadius](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/highradius.md): AI-powered autonomous finance platform for order-to-cash, treasury, and record-to-report.
- [Highstock](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/highstock.md): AI-native B2B marketplace that matches consumer brands’ excess inventory to vetted wholesale buyers without a public fire sale.
- [Hilbert](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hilbert.md): Agentic AI growth infrastructure for B2C brands—data labeling, analytics, and automated execution.
- [Hilbert's AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hilbert-s-ai.md): Alias for Hilbert — AI-native B2C growth infrastructure with agentic analytics at hilberts.ai.
- [Hipcamp](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hipcamp.md): Marketplace unlocking private land for camping, glamping, and RV stays.
- [Hippocratic AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hippocratic-ai.md): Healthcare LLM company focused on safety-tuned models for patient-facing clinical workflows.
- [Hivebotics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hivebotics.md): Abluo robot: articulated-arm commercial restroom cleaning with physical AI job planning and audit.
- [Hiveclass](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hiveclass.md): Virtual PE and wellness education platform for schools and libraries.
- [Honor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/honor.md): Tech-enabled home care network matching professional caregivers with seniors — merged with Home Instead.
- [Hopin](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hopin.md): Hopin became the pandemic-era virtual-events unicorn before demand collapsed and the assets were sold to RingCentral.
- [Hopscotch Primary Care](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hopscotch-primary-care.md): Tech-enabled primary care clinics for rural communities in the Southeastern United States.
- [Hubble Network](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hubble-network.md): Satellite-powered Bluetooth network for off-the-shelf BLE chips — no towers, gateways, or custom radios.
- [HubX](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hubx.md): Türkiye-based multi-studio consumer app hub scaling AI, education, and wellness products globally — now using Point72 capital for acquisitions.
- [Hugging Face](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hugging-face.md): Open-model hub Nvidia agreed to acquire for $12.93 billion on September 2, 2026 — not closed; expected H1 2027.
- [Human Archive](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/human-archive.md): Multimodal training-data infrastructure for physical AI — egocentric video, tactile, and mocap from India's gig workforce.
- [HumanAPI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/humanapi.md): Human API aggregated consumer health records from EHRs and wearables before LexisNexis Risk Solutions acquired it in 2023.
- [Huskeys](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/huskeys.md): Network Edge Security Management for AI-driven and fragmented enterprise web traffic.
- [Hydrolix](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hydrolix.md): Streaming data lake platform that cuts log-data storage cost and speeds analytics at terabyte scale.
- [HyImpulse](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hyimpulse.md): German launch and in-space mobility company using paraffin-based hybrid propulsion.
- [hyperexponential](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/hyperexponential.md): Pricing decision intelligence platform (hx Renew) replacing Excel actuarial models for insurers.
- [ʻŌlelo Intelligence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/olelo-intelligence.md): AI language technology focused on Hawaiian and Pacific language applications.
- [Ibotta](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ibotta.md): Performance marketing and cash-back rewards platform for CPG brands — Denver's largest tech IPO (NYSE: IBTA, Apr 2024).
- [ICEYE](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/iceye.md): Finnish SAR satellite constellation delivering sovereign Earth intelligence day, night, and through clouds.
- [iCIMS](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/icims.md): Enterprise talent cloud — ATS, offer management, and recruiting CRM headquartered in Holmdel, NJ.
- [Icon](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/icon-ugc.md): Human UGC ad production platform spanning creator sourcing, scripting, filming, and editing.
- [iCracked](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/icracked.md): On-demand smartphone and tablet repair network—acquired by Allstate/SquareTrade in 2019.
- [Ideogram](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ideogram.md): Text-to-image model company known for strong typography in generated images.
- [IDRx](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/idrx.md): Precision combination oncology biotech for GIST—acquired by GSK for up to $1.15B in 2025.
- [IFTTT](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ifttt.md): Automation platform connecting 700+ apps and devices through 'if this, then that' applets.
- [Illumio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/illumio.md): Zero-trust microsegmentation platform for data-center and cloud breach containment.
- [Imgur](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/imgur.md): Community image and GIF hosting—bootstrapped five years before a16z-led $40M Series A.
- [Imply](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/imply.md): Commercial Apache Druid company — real-time analytics database for operational and product analytics.
- [Improbable](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/improbable.md): Distributed simulation and metaverse infrastructure — Morpheus tech powering M² Web3 worlds.
- [Impulse Space](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/impulse-space.md): Tom Mueller's in-space mobility company — Mira maneuvering spacecraft and Helios kick stage for orbital transfer.
- [IMU Biosciences](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/imu-biosciences.md): London biotech mapping the human immune system at high resolution for precision medicine and drug discovery.
- [Incention](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/incention.md): Fan-collaborative IP platform on Story blockchain—debut franchise Emergence from David S. Goyer.
- [Inceptive](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/inceptive.md): AI-designed mRNA molecules licensed to pharma—founded by Transformer co-author Jakob Uszkoreit.
- [Incredible Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/incredible-health.md): Permanent healthcare hiring marketplace — matches nurses to health systems with AI screening.
- [Inductive Bio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/inductive-bio.md): Collaborative AI platform accelerating small-molecule optimization via virtual chemistry labs.
- [Inevitable AI Group](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/inevitable-ai-group.md): A venture-studio model that uses shared infrastructure to launch ai-native saas companies.
- [Inferact](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/inferact.md): Company behind vLLM — open-source LLM inference engine used by Meta, Google, and Character.ai in production.
- [Infinite Athlete](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/infinite-athlete.md): Sports data OS merging live game feeds (FusionFeed) with biomechanics for leagues and broadcasters.
- [Infinite Machine](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/infinite-machine.md): NYC maker of high-performance electric seated scooters—the modular P1 for urban mobility.
- [Infinitus](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/infinitus.md): AI voice agents that automate payer phone calls for benefit verification and prior authorization.
- [inforcer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/inforcer.md): Security and management software built for microsoft-focused managed service providers.
- [Innefu Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/innefu-labs.md): India's indigenous AI platform for national security — intelligence fusion, predictive analytics, and AuthShield MFA.
- [Inner Logic](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/inner-logic.md): Simulation and testing platform for surgical and procedural medical devices — Hopkins-founded.
- [Inngest](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/inngest.md): Durable step-function platform for serverless workflows and AI agent orchestration.
- [Insane Cyber](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/insane-cyber.md): Automated OT/ICS cybersecurity — monitoring, threat hunting, and incident response for critical infrastructure.
- [Insitro](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/insitro.md): ML-driven drug discovery platform applying large-scale biology data to identify novel therapeutics.
- [Instabase](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/instabase.md): Applied AI platform for enterprise unstructured document processing and workflow automation.
- [Instacart](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/instacart.md): Grocery delivery marketplace connecting consumers, retailers, and personal shoppers.
- [Instagram](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/instagram.md): Mobile photo-sharing app with filters and social graph — acquired by Facebook for ~$1B in 2012.
- [Instart](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/instart.md): Endpoint-aware CDN and application delivery platform — acquired by Akamai in 2020.
- [Instinct](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/instinct.md): Consumer life-ops AI agent you text and call across connected apps and devices.
- [Intelligence (Design Arena)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/intelligence-design-arena.md): Human preference platform (Design Arena) that consumers use to rank AI visuals and labs pay for as eval/training signal.
- [Intrinsic](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/intrinsic.md): Alphabet/Google robotics software — Flowstate platform makes industrial robots easier to program with AI and simulation.
- [Intro](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/intro.md): Marketplace for booking 1:1 video calls with experts across business, wellness, and design.
- [Intuitive Machines](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/intuitive-machines.md): Lunar delivery, data, and infrastructure services — Nova-C landers and cislunar commerce platforms.
- [Inventa](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/inventa.md): Brazilian B2B marketplace connecting brands with SMB retailers — inventory plus trade credit.
- [InvestNext](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/investnext.md): Real estate investment management platform for GPs — fundraising, investor relations, compliance, and distributions.
- [iPronics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ipronics.md): Silicon-photonics optical circuit switches for AI data-center clusters — $125M Series B with Nvidia as a participant, no valuation.
- [Iron Fish](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/iron-fish.md): Privacy-focused Layer 1 blockchain using zk-SNARKs for shielded transactions.
- [Irreverent Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/irreverent-labs.md): AI video generation startup building short-form video foundation models.
- [Isar Aerospace](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/isar-aerospace.md): Munich rocket maker scaling Spectrum launch vehicles for sovereign European access to orbit.
- [Isara Laboratories](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/isara-laboratories.md): San Francisco startup building infrastructure for coordinating thousands of AI agents on complex analytical tasks.
- [Isovalent](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/isovalent.md): Creators of Cilium and Tetragon eBPF networking — acquired by Cisco in April 2024.
- [iwoca](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/iwoca.md): A lending facility that expands funding capacity without being mislabeled as venture equity.
- [IYK](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/iyk.md): NFC infrastructure linking physical products to onchain tokens for brands and creators.
- [Jaipur Robotics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/jaipur-robotics.md): Computer-vision OS for waste-to-energy, cement, and biomass plants — hazard detection, calorific mapping, crane automation.
- [Jamf](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/jamf.md): Apple enterprise device management (Apple MDM) platform.
- [Jarvie AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/jarvie-ai.md): Agentic AI assistant embedded in iMessage group chats for coordination and tasks.
- [Jeeves](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/jeeves.md): Global corporate cards and expense management for startups operating across borders.
- [Jet Zero Australia](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/jet-zero-australia.md): Alcohol-to-Jet SAF and renewable diesel developer building Project Ulysses in Townsville, Queensland.
- [Jito](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/jito.md): Solana liquid staking and MEV infrastructure — JitoSOL and block engine.
- [Jopwell](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/jopwell.md): Diversity recruiting platform for Black, Latinx, and Native American professionals—acquired by True in 2023.
- [Journera](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/journera.md): Real-time travel data exchange connecting airlines, hotels, and suppliers for seamless journeys.
- [Julep](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/julep.md): Seattle DTC beauty and nail subscription brand—rolled into Glansaol PE rollup, later bankrupt.
- [Junction](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/junction.md): Health API linking wearable device data with lab testing workflows.
- [Jungla](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/jungla.md): ML platform for clinical genetic variant interpretation—acquired by Invitae in 2019.
- [k-ID](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/k-id.md): Global compliance engine for age-appropriate gaming and youth online safety.
- [K12 Crypto](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/k12-crypto.md): Learn-to-earn Web3 literacy platform incentivizing K-12 student attendance and engagement.
- [Kadabra](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kadabra.md): Israeli digital marketing agency — SEO, media buying, and business analytics.
- [Kaedim](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kaedim.md): AI 2D-to-3D asset generation with human-in-the-loop for game studios and brands.
- [Kairos](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kairos.md): Trading terminal and analytics for prediction markets including Kalshi and Polymarket.
- [Kaizen Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kaizen-labs.md): AI-native digital government platform for permitting, licensing, and public services.
- [Kalshi](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kalshi.md): CFTC-regulated prediction-market exchange for event contracts.
- [Kavak](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kavak.md): Latin America's used-car marketplace — buy, sell, finance, and service pre-owned vehicles online.
- [Keenable](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/keenable.md): Independent web search index and retrieval API built for AI agents, not ten-blue-link humans.
- [Keep Financial](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/keep-financial.md): Vesting cash plans — upfront retention bonuses employers forgive as employees stay.
- [Keep Financial](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/keep.md): Vesting cash bonus platform—upfront employee payments that forgive as workers stay.
- [Keep Network](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/keep-network.md): Decentralized tBTC bridge — merged with NuCypher to form Threshold Network.
- [Kepler Aerospace](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kepler-aerospace.md): Bengaluru space-infrastructure company building swarming ISR satellites plus mission-ops over a global ground-station network.
- [Keybase](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/keybase.md): Encrypted messaging and public-key identity platform — acquired by Zoom in 2020.
- [Keycard](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/keycard.md): Identity and access management platform purpose-built for AI agents in enterprises.
- [Kforce](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kforce.md): Professional staffing and solutions firm focused on technology and finance & accounting talent.
- [KIKI World](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kiki.md): Community commerce platform where fans co-create beauty products with onchain rewards.
- [Kin Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kin-health.md): Free patient-facing AI app that records visits and turns doctor conversations into actionable summaries.
- [Kindred](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kindred.md): Members-only home-swapping network for affordable travel.
- [Kinetix AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kinetix-ai.md): Shenzhen full-stack embodied AI company building humanoids, hands, models, and training data.
- [Kinter](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kinter.md): Agentic AI accountants automating expense-side accounting close inside ERPs.
- [Kiosk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kiosk.md): Farcaster social client integrating onchain assets into community commerce.
- [Kno](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kno.md): Digital textbook and study platform — acquired by Intel in 2013.
- [Knowable](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/knowable.md): Audio-first expert courses for commute learning—acquired by Medium in 2021.
- [Knowmia](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/knowmia.md): Curated K-12 educational video discovery for teachers—acquired by TechSmith in 2014.
- [Knownwell](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/knownwell.md): Weight-inclusive primary and metabolic health clinics—hybrid virtual plus in-person obesity care.
- [KoBold Metals](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kobold-metals.md): AI-driven mineral exploration for battery metals — copper, cobalt, nickel, lithium.
- [Kodex](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kodex.md): SaaS for verifying and responding to government and law-enforcement data requests.
- [Komodo Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/komodo-health.md): Healthcare Map — real-world clinical data platform for life sciences and payers.
- [Kong](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kong.md): Cloud API gateway and connectivity platform built on open-source Kong.
- [Kosen Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kosen-labs.md): AI research lab applying ML to DeFi liquidity management on automated market makers.
- [Kpler](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kpler.md): Brussels-based physical trade intelligence platform tracking global commodity and maritime flows.
- [Krea](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/krea.md): Unified GenAI creative platform for real-time image and video generation.
- [kweliTV](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/kwelitv.md): Streaming platform curating films and series from the global Black diaspora.
- [Labelbox](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/labelbox.md): Training data platform for ML teams — labeling, curation, and model evaluation.
- [Labster](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/labster.md): Virtual laboratory simulations for STEM higher-education and corporate training.
- [Lambda](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lambda.md): AI neocloud that buys GPUs and rents compute to enterprises.
- [Larridin](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/larridin.md): AI execution intelligence platform measuring enterprise AI adoption, shadow AI, and ROI.
- [Lassie](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lassie.md): AI agents that automate small-business back offices—starting with dental and medical practices.
- [Latent Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/latent-health.md): Clinical AI platform accelerating medication access via prior auth and pharmacy workflows.
- [LayerZero](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/layerzero.md): Omnichain messaging protocol — cross-chain interoperability for DeFi, NFTs, and multi-chain apps.
- [Legend Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/legend-labs.md): DeFi super-app with embedded smart-wallet UX from ex-Compound executives.
- [LendingTree](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lendingtree.md): Online consumer loan marketplace connecting borrowers with lenders.
- [Leona Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/leona-health.md): AI co-pilot for physicians on WhatsApp — practice management across Latin America.
- [Levels Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/levels-health.md): CGM-based metabolic health membership — glucose insights, coaching, and biowearable data.
- [Levelset](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/levelset.md): Construction payment and lien rights management software — acquired by Procore.
- [LeverageRx](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/leveragerx.md): Financing and practice-growth platform for healthcare professionals.
- [Lido Finance](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lido-finance.md): Liquid staking protocol for Ethereum and proof-of-stake assets — stETH.
- [Light](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/light-energy.md): API and regulated electricity stack so businesses can embed branded power plans into solar, proptech, EV, and fintech products.
- [Light](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/light.md): Embedded electricity provider distributed through homebuilders, property managers and software partners.
- [Lighter](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lighter.md): zk-rollup perpetual futures DEX with on-chain order matching.
- [Lightfield](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lightfield.md): AI-native CRM that builds a living customer world model so humans and agents work from the same record.
- [Lightspark](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lightspark.md): Enterprise Bitcoin Lightning payments infrastructure — founded by David Marcus.
- [Lightup](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lightup.md): No-code data quality monitoring for enterprise data pipelines and warehouses.
- [Lime](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lime.md): Shared electric scooters and bikes for urban micromobility in 50+ cities.
- [Limitless](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/limitless.md): AI wearable pendant for personal memory — formerly Rewind desktop capture; acquired by Meta 2025.
- [Lio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lio.md): Agentic AI for enterprise procurement — automates sourcing, RFQs, and vendor workflows.
- [Littlebird](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/littlebird.md): Desktop context-capture app turning daily computer activity into queryable personal memory.
- [Lob.com](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lobcom.md): API for programmatic direct mail — print, ship, and verify addresses at scale.
- [Local Motion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/local-motion.md): Enterprise fleet-sharing hardware and software for corporate campuses—acquired by Zipcar in 2015.
- [Locale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/locale.md): Curated high-protein meal delivery — organic ingredients, no seed oils, longevity-nutrition standards.
- [Loft](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/loft.md): Brazilian proptech marketplace digitizing residential buying, selling, and financing.
- [Lookout](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lookout.md): Mobile security platform — malware protection, app risk, and enterprise mobile threat defense.
- [Loom](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/loom.md): Async video messaging for workplace communication — acquired by Atlassian for $975M.
- [Loop](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/loop.md): Web3 recurring payments and subscription billing infrastructure for crypto merchants.
- [LootRush](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lootrush.md): Blockchain gaming platform — NFT rentals and fast onboarding to play-to-earn games.
- [Lovable](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lovable.md): Stockholm vibe-coding platform that turns natural language into hosted software and web apps — AI generation layer for builders.
- [Lovevery](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lovevery.md): Stage-based Montessori play kits and early-learning products for parents.
- [Lowkey](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lowkeygg.md): Game clip capture and highlights for streamers—team acquired by Niantic in 2021.
- [LTSE](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ltse.md): SEC-registered stock exchange and software for long-term company governance.
- [Lula](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lula.md): API-first insurance infrastructure for fleets, rentals, and logistics — the Stripe layer for commercial insurance programs.
- [Luma AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/luma-ai.md): Multimodal generative AI — Dream Machine text-to-video and 3D capture.
- [Luma Home](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/luma.md): Mesh WiFi routers with enterprise-grade home controls—acquired by Newell/First Alert in 2018.
- [Lumetrics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lumetrics.md): Non-contact optical thickness measurement systems for medical devices and precision manufacturing.
- [Lumi Interactive](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lumi-interactive.md): Australian game studio behind Kinder World — cozy mindfulness mobile games.
- [Lumilens](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lumilens.md): Optical interconnect platform connecting AI GPUs at hyperscaler scale.
- [Lumos](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lumos.md): SaaS identity governance — app access reviews, shadow IT discovery, and automated provisioning.
- [Lyft](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lyft.md): Ridesharing platform — second-largest US ride-hail network, public since 2019.
- [Lyrebird](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lyrebird.md): AI voice cloning from minimal audio samples—acquired by Descript in 2019.
- [Lyte](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lyte.md): Custom sensing silicon and multimodal perception stack for robots and physical AI.
- [Lytro](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/lytro.md): Light-field cameras with post-capture refocus—pivoted to cinema VR, shut down March 2018.
- [Mach Industries](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mach-industries.md): Vertically integrated defense manufacturing — Viper, Glide, Stratos unmanned systems and Forge Huntington factory.
- [Macro](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/macro.md): AI-native document workspace — PDFs, slides, and knowledge-worker productivity reimagined.
- [Madison AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/madison-ai.md): Purpose-built AI assistants for local governments — staff reports, zoning letters, RFPs, and document-heavy workflows.
- [Magic Leap](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/magic-leap.md): Enterprise augmented-reality headsets and spatial computing platform for industrial use.
- [Mainframe Industries](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mainframe-industries.md): Helsinki studio building cloud-native MMO games playable across devices.
- [Mana Bio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mana-bio.md): AI-native biotech designing lipid nanoparticles for targeted RNA and gene-therapy delivery beyond the liver.
- [Manifold](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/manifold.md): NFT creator platform (Manifold Studio) — artists deploy self-owned smart contracts and control provenance.
- [Mantis Space](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mantis-space.md): Albuquerque HQ space infrastructure startup building an orbital power grid for satellites, habitats, and lunar operations.
- [Manus AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/manus-ai.md): Singapore agentic-AI startup weighing $1B raise to buy back from Meta after Beijing blocked deal.
- [Mappa Moldco](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mappa-moldco.md): Directory entry tracking SoGal seed bets in Mappa (AI talent) and MoldCo (healthcare).
- [Mara](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mara.md): Attritable kinetic counter-UAS (Spike) built for cheap FPV swarm economics.
- [Mariana Minerals](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mariana-minerals.md): Software-first mining company for U.S. lithium, copper, and nickel via MarianaOS platform.
- [Marker Learning](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/marker-learning.md): Digital health platform for remote learning-disability assessments — dyslexia, ADHD, dysgraphia.
- [Massive Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/massive-health-inc.md): Built The Eatery, a photo food-journal app for wellness—team acquired by Jawbone in 2013.
- [Match Group](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/match-group.md): Global online dating portfolio — Tinder, Hinge, Match, and related brands.
- [Material Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/material-security.md): Cloud email security — account takeover protection and data loss prevention for Google and Microsoft.
- [Matik](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/matik.md): Automates personalized, data-driven sales and customer-success presentations from CRM and warehouse data.
- [Matter Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/matter-labs.md): Team behind zkSync — Ethereum Layer 2 scaling using zero-knowledge rollups.
- [Maven](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/maven.md): Virtual clinic for women's and family health — fertility, maternity, pediatrics, and menopause.
- [May Mobility](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/may-mobility.md): Autonomous vehicle technology and robotaxi/transit services for cities and enterprises.
- [Mayvenn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mayvenn.md): Beauty-tech marketplace — stylists sell hair products via inventory-free e-commerce storefronts.
- [Maze Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/maze-therapeutics.md): Clinical-stage biotech using human genetics to develop precision small-molecule medicines.
- [Mediachain](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mediachain.md): Open blockchain metadata protocol for media attribution—acquired by Spotify in 2017.
- [Medium](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/medium.md): Online publishing platform for long-form writing, blogs, and member-supported newsletters.
- [Medley](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/medley.md): Group coaching platform for personal and professional development in diverse peer cohorts.
- [Medpace](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/medpace.md): Full-service clinical research organization (CRO) for biotech and pharma drug development.
- [MEGA](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mega.md): AI-powered growth engine for small and medium-sized businesses.
- [Meitre](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/meitre.md): Restaurant reservation and demand-management software for high-end dining globally.
- [Mem](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mem.md): AI-native note-taking with self-organizing knowledge graph and team collaboration.
- [Mem Protocol](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mem-protocol.md): Decentralized social protocol for user-owned identity and on-chain reputation graphs.
- [Memora Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/memora-health.md): AI care navigation via SMS and phone for complex patients—acquired by Commure in 2024.
- [Mentari Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mentari-therapeutics.md): Biotech developing anti-PACAP and anti-CGRP bispecific antibodies for migraine prevention.
- [Mercury](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mercury.md): Startup banking — checking, treasury, cards, and financial workflows for tech companies.
- [Meridian](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/meridian.md): Agentic IDE for finance — auditable Excel-style modeling without black-box LLM outputs.
- [Merit Systems](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/merit-systems.md): Open-source attribution protocol routing capital to software contributors.
- [Merkle Manufactory, Inc.](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/merkle-manufactory-inc.md): Developer of Farcaster, a decentralized social protocol with onchain identities and client apps.
- [Mesh Optical Technologies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mesh-optical-technologies.md): Optical interconnect for AI datacenter links — transceiver supply and efficiency at cluster scale.
- [Mesosphere](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mesosphere.md): Enterprise Kubernetes and DC/OS platform (rebranded D2iQ; assets acquired by Nutanix).
- [MessageDesk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/messagedesk.md): Business texting and customer messaging software for local and mid-market teams.
- [Meta4 Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/meta4-capital.md): Miami-based crypto fund manager focused on rare NFTs and digital collectibles.
- [Metatheory](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/metatheory.md): Web3 gaming studio building on-chain franchises, founded by Twitch co-founder Kevin Lin.
- [Method](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/method.md): Embedded API linking consumer debt accounts for repayment and balance transfers.
- [Method Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/method-security.md): Autonomous offensive and defensive cyber platform for U.S. government and critical enterprises.
- [Metriport](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/metriport.md): Open-source healthcare data infrastructure for point-of-care patient context and clinical AI agents.
- [Metronome](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/metronome.md): Usage-based billing infrastructure for SaaS and AI companies (acquired by Stripe, Jan 2026).
- [Midas](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/midas.md): Berlin platform turning institutional investment strategies into compliant, composable on-chain tokens with instant redemptions.
- [Midstream Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/midstream-health.md): AI financial action platform for healthcare systems' spend and revenue operations.
- [Milu Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/milu-health.md): Employer health platform using AI and nurses to reduce employee healthcare costs.
- [MimiVax](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mimivax.md): Clinical-stage immuno-oncology company developing SurVaxM cancer vaccine; Roswell Park spinout.
- [Mind Robotics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mind-robotics.md): AI-powered industrial robotics platform founded by Rivian CEO RJ Scaringe.
- [Mindgard](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mindgard.md): Continuous security testing and red-teaming for enterprise ai systems.
- [Mintlify](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mintlify.md): AI-powered developer documentation platform for API and product docs.
- [Mirage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mirage.md): AI video company (formerly Captions) building agentic video editing and marketing tools.
- [Mirelo AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mirelo-ai.md): Foundation models for AI-generated sound and audio layers in video.
- [Mirendil](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mirendil.md): AI-for-science platform training models expert at AI R&D for autonomous experiments.
- [MiRus](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mirus.md): Marietta medtech company commercializing MoRe molybdenum-rhenium alloy implants for spine, orthopedics, and TAVR.
- [Mission Lane](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mission-lane.md): Credit card and financial services company focused on consumers building or rebuilding credit.
- [Mistral AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mistral-ai.md): Paris open-weight lab — €3B Series D at €21B+ post-money led by Samsung Electronics on September 8, 2026.
- [Mixpanel](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mixpanel.md): Product analytics platform for event-based user behavior and funnel analysis.
- [Modal Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/modal-labs.md): NYC serverless cloud for AI workloads — GPUs, sandboxes, batch jobs, and inference without managing clusters.
- [ModernFi](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/modernfi.md): Deposit marketplace and liquidity infrastructure for community and regional banks.
- [Mokobara](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mokobara.md): Indian D2C travel and luggage brand expanding from online into omnichannel retail including UAE.
- [Moment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/moment.md): AI operating system for investment management used by Edward Jones, LPL, and Hightower.
- [Monogram Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/monogram-health.md): Value-based in-home kidney and polychronic care delivery plus benefit management for health plans.
- [Moonbounce](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/moonbounce.md): AI content moderation API for low-latency policy enforcement in production apps.
- [Moov](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/moov.md): Open-source financial infrastructure APIs for embedding payments and money movement.
- [Morpho](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/morpho.md): Decentralized lending protocol and open credit network for onchain markets.
- [Morpho Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/morpho-labs.md): Research and development company behind the Morpho decentralized lending protocol.
- [Morta Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/morta-security.md): Advanced threat detection from former NSA engineers—acquired by Palo Alto Networks in 2014.
- [Mosaic](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mosaic.md): Construction technology platform for precision-built homes with local homebuilder partners.
- [Mother Computer Inc.](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mother-computer-inc.md): Open-source local AI hardware and software for on-device model inference.
- [Motherduck](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/motherduck.md): Cloud analytics platform built around DuckDB for hybrid local/cloud SQL.
- [Motive](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/motive.md): AI platform for physical operations — safety, fleets, equipment, and spend in one system.
- [Mountaintop Studios](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mountaintop-studios.md): Game studio founded by Oculus co-founder Nate Mitchell building competitive PvP titles.
- [mPower Technology](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mpower-technology.md): Ultralight flexible DragonSCALES solar modules for satellites and space power.
- [Multiplier (Asset Managers)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/multiplier-asset-managers.md): Firm-specific AI agent harnesses deployed inside asset managers’ own systems.
- [Muon Space](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/muon-space.md): Mission Foundry for high-performance satellite constellations — design, build, operate, and deliver data for commercial and government customers.
- [Muse App Inc](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/muse-app-inc.md): Spatial thinking canvas app for iPad and Mac (Muse, now rebranded Allume).
- [Mux](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mux.md): Developer API platform for video streaming, encoding, and playback analytics.
- [Mvmnt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mvmnt.md): Transportation management system and embedded fintech for SMB freight brokers.
- [Mysten Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mysten-labs.md): Builders of the Sui blockchain — high-throughput L1 from ex-Meta Diem engineers.
- [Mythical Games](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/mythical-games.md): Web3 game studio and platform — Blankos Block Party and NFL Rivals.
- [Nalu Scientific](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nalu-scientific.md): Radiation-hardened and high-performance ASICs for physics, space, and sensing instruments.
- [Nansen](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nansen.md): Blockchain analytics platform labeling on-chain wallets for DeFi and NFT traders.
- [Nash](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nash.md): API platform orchestrating last-mile delivery across carriers for retailers.
- [NationBuilder](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nationbuilder.md): Community organizing and campaign software for political candidates and advocacy groups.
- [Nautilus Biotechnology](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nautilus-biotechnology.md): Single-molecule proteomics platform—public via SPAC merger June 2021 (NASDAQ: NAUT).
- [Nava Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nava-therapeutics.md): Biotech developing next-generation lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery systems.
- [Navan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/navan.md): Corporate travel and expense management platform (formerly TripActions).
- [Navana.ai](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/navana-ai.md): Indian-language voice AI for regulated BFSI enterprises, with on-premise deployment options.
- [NavVis](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/navvis.md): Spatial-data capture and digital twins as a data foundation for physical ai.
- [NEAR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/near.md): Layer-1 blockchain for scalable dApps with sharded proof-of-stake.
- [Nectar Social](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nectar-social.md): Agentic social operating system for brand community, DMs, and conversational commerce.
- [Neighbor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/neighbor.md): Peer-to-peer marketplace for residential storage — 'Airbnb for self-storage.'
- [Neno](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/neno.md): AI-native accounting, tax, and financial administration for European SMEs — agentic general ledger with accountants in the loop.
- [Neo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/neo-agentic-security.md): Real-time control layer for inventorying and enforcing policy on agentic AI software.
- [Neros Technologies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/neros-technologies.md): Mass-manufactured autonomous strike and counter-UAS drones for the U.S. and allies.
- [Netlify](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/netlify.md): Web development platform for Jamstack and modern frontend deployment.
- [Netography](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/netography.md): Cloud-native network detection and response for distributed enterprise networks.
- [Netris](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/netris.md): Network automation platform for AI GPU clusters and neocloud infrastructure.
- [NEURA Robotics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/neura-robotics.md): German Physical AI company building cognitive robots — humanoids, cobots, and service bots on the Neuraverse platform.
- [NeuralMagic](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/neuralmagic.md): Software to run deep learning inference efficiently on commodity CPUs.
- [Neurava](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/neurava.md): Baltimore medtech building wearable monitoring for epilepsy seizures and SUDEP risk stratification.
- [Nexthop](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nexthop.md): AI-era networking company building Ethernet switches for hyperscale AI clusters.
- [NG.CASH](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ng-cash.md): Brazilian neobank and financial app built for Gen Z.
- [Nicira Networks](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nicira-networks.md): Software-defined networking pioneer (OpenFlow/NVP)—acquired by VMware for $1.26B in 2012.
- [Niftmint](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/niftmint.md): Web3 e-commerce infrastructure bridging retail and on-chain commerce.
- [NinjaOne](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ninjaone.md): Austin unified IT operations platform — RMM, patching, backup, and remote access in one cloud-native console.
- [NLP Logix](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nlp-logix.md): Jacksonville enterprise AI and machine learning consultancy deploying production ML systems for healthcare, finance, and logistics buyers.
- [nocall](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nocall.md): Generative-AI phone agents that automate Japanese business calls tied to bookings and collections.
- [NOD Games](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nod-games.md): Blockchain game studio — League of Kingdoms, Crypto Sword & Magic.
- [Noen Intelligence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/noen-intelligence.md): China consumer home embodied-intelligence company building GLOW models and the foldable KNOWIN-X1 robot.
- [Nomadic](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nomadic.md): Data ops platform wrangling AV and robot video into searchable training-ready datasets.
- [Noosphere Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/noosphere-labs.md): Stealth startup building human-centered physical intelligence beyond screen-bound AI.
- [Nordic Knots](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nordic-knots.md): Scandinavian-design rug and home textiles brand at ~$2.2B valuation.
- [North Pole Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/north-pole-security.md): macOS endpoint security platform (Workshop) built on prevention-first allowlisting.
- [Northwestern Mutual](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/northwestern-mutual.md): Milwaukee-headquartered life insurer and financial services mutual with Future Ventures CVC arm.
- [Northwood Space](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/northwood-space.md): Phased-array ground stations connecting satellites to Earth (Bridgit Mendler's startup).
- [Notion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/notion.md): All-in-one workspace for docs, wikis, databases, and AI-assisted knowledge work.
- [Nourish](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nourish.md): Virtual dietitian-led metabolic health clinic — licensed clinicians, not wellness content.
- [Nova Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nova-labs.md): Company behind Helium — decentralized wireless networks for IoT and 5G.
- [NP Photonics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/np-photonics.md): Fiber lasers and specialty optical fiber components for sensing, defense, and industrial markets.
- [Nscale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nscale.md): UK AI hyperscaler in talks for about $3.5 billion of pre-IPO financing — $1.5 billion convertibles plus a $2 billion Nvidia ask; not a priced equity close.
- [Nua](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nua.md): Mumbai women’s-wellness brand (nuawoman.com) — $50M Series C led by Peak XV and Filter Capital; mixed primary and secondary; no valuation.
- [NuciCer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nucicer.md): Plant-based dairy alternatives made from California pistachios.
- [Nuclearn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nuclearn.md): AI platform built for nuclear power plant operations, engineering, and regulatory compliance.
- [Nx](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nx.md): Open-source monorepo platform and Nx Cloud for faster builds, CI scaling, and AI-assisted fixes.
- [Nym](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/nym.md): Decentralized mixnet and VPN for network-level privacy, powered by the NYM token on Cosmos.
- [Oasis Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/oasis-labs.md): Privacy-first blockchain and confidential compute platform founded by UC Berkeley professor Dawn Song.
- [Oboe](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/oboe.md): AI app that generates personalized, chapter-based courses with adaptive podcast-style audio.
- [Observable Space](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/observable-space.md): LA space-tech company building full-stack optical systems for laser comms, space domain awareness, and in-space payloads.
- [Obsidian Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/obsidian-security.md): Secures non-human identities and AI agents across third-party enterprise applications.
- [Oceanit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/oceanit.md): Honolulu deep-tech / engineering company commercializing science for energy, aerospace, and defense.
- [Octant Bio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/octant-bio.md): Synthetic-biology platform mapping GPCR drug targets using engineered human cell reporters.
- [Octave.energy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/octave-energy.md): Battery energy storage plus proprietary EMS for commercial and industrial customers facing European grid congestion.
- [Oculus VR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/oculus-vr.md): Kickstarter VR headset maker—acquired by Facebook (Meta) for ~$2B in 2014.
- [Odyssey](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/odyssey.md): School-choice platform helping states run education savings accounts and parent microgrant programs.
- [Odyssey Energy Solutions](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/odyssey-energy-solutions.md): Software and financing infrastructure for distributed renewable-energy projects in emerging markets.
- [Odyssey Interactive](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/odyssey-interactive.md): Game studio behind Omega Strikers, a free-to-play 3v3 knockout competitive title.
- [OfferUp](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/offerup.md): Mobile marketplace for local peer-to-peer buying and selling of household goods in the U.S.
- [Okta](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/okta.md): Enterprise identity and access management — SSO, MFA, and workforce identity cloud.
- [OLIX](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/olix.md): Custom inference silicon positioned against general-purpose accelerators.
- [Ollin Bio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ollin-bio.md): Clinical-stage retina biotech advancing OLN324, a VEGF/Ang2 bispecific for DME and wet AMD.
- [Omada Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/omada-health.md): Virtual chronic-care programs for diabetes, hypertension, musculoskeletal, and behavioral health.
- [OmniSeq](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/omniseq.md): Genomic and immune profiling diagnostics for solid tumors; Roswell Park spinout acquired by Labcorp.
- [Ona Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ona-therapeutics.md): Barcelona biopharma developing first-in-class ADCs targeting treatment-resistant breast and colorectal cancers.
- [One More Game](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/one-more-game.md): Remote game studio building Spellcraft, a competitive online strategy game.
- [One Raven](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/one-raven.md): Privacy-first smart home platform with a local Home Server — no subscriptions or cloud data monetization.
- [Onos Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/onos-health.md): Behavioral health clinical intelligence platform for U.S. health plans.
- [Onshape](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/onshape.md): Cloud-native CAD from SolidWorks veterans—acquired by PTC for $470M in 2019.
- [OpenAI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/openai.md): Frontier AI lab behind ChatGPT, GPT models, and API platform for developers and enterprises.
- [OpenArt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/openart.md): AI-native visual media infrastructure for creative workflows.
- [OpenBazaar](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/openbazaar.md): Decentralized peer-to-peer marketplace protocol; OB1 was the company supporting development.
- [Opendoor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/opendoor.md): iBuying pioneer—instant online home offers; public via SPAC December 2020 (NASDAQ: OPEN).
- [OpenEvidence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/openevidence.md): AI medical search and clinical decision support with citation-linked evidence for U.S. physicians.
- [OpenGov](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/opengov.md): Cloud ERP, budgeting, and permitting software for U.S. cities, counties, and state agencies.
- [OpenInvest](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/openinvest.md): ESG direct-indexing platform for wealth advisors before J.P. Morgan acquired it in 2021.
- [OpenRouter](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/openrouter.md): Enterprise AI inference marketplace — route, govern, and optimize across model providers.
- [OpenSea](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/opensea.md): NFT marketplace for buying, selling, and discovering digital collectibles and art on multiple chains.
- [Optimism](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/optimism.md): Ethereum Layer 2 network and OP Stack powering the Superchain ecosystem.
- [Optimizely](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/optimizely.md): Enterprise A/B testing and experimentation platform; acquired by Episerver in 2020, now the combined company brand.
- [Optimyze](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/optimyze.md): Continuous cloud profiling (Prodfiler) acquired by Elastic in 2021 to cut production waste.
- [Orbital Materials](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/orbital-materials.md): AI engine for discovering materials and data-center hardware for the physical economy.
- [Orbital Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/orbital-therapeutics.md): RNA medicines platform acquired by Bristol Myers Squibb for $1.5B in 2025.
- [Orchestra Bio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/orchestra-bio.md): Agentic R&D operations platform unifying scientific, financial, and operational planning for biotechs.
- [Orchid Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/orchid-labs.md): Decentralized VPN protocol using blockchain tokens to route traffic around censorship.
- [Orderful](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/orderful.md): AI-native EDI platform replacing manual B2B supply-chain data integrations.
- [Original Games](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/original-games.md): Estonia-based casual mobile games studio behind Merge Inn and relaxing puzzle titles.
- [Osazda Energy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/osazda-energy.md): Metal wrap-through and advanced interconnect technology to make solar cells more durable and crack-tolerant.
- [Osmo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/osmo.md): AI-powered digital olfaction — fragrance design via molecular data and machine learning.
- [Otter.ai](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/otter.md): AI meeting assistant for real-time transcription, summaries, and collaborative notes.
- [OurPetPolicy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ourpetpolicy.md): Pet and emotional-support-animal management platform for rental housing operators.
- [Outing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/outing.md): Social marketplace to discover, book, and plan group outings with friends.
- [Outpost](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/outpost.md): London merchant-of-record and tax-of-record platform absorbing cross-border commerce liability for global sellers.
- [Overland AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/overland-ai.md): Seattle defense-tech company building off-road ground autonomy for U.S. military — OverDrive stack, SPARK upfits, and ULTRA vehicles.
- [Overtime](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/overtime.md): Gen Z sports media brand with leagues including OTE basketball and OT7 football.
- [Overwolf](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/overwolf.md): In-game creation platform — mods, overlays, and UGC monetization via CurseForge.
- [Owner](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/owner.md): AI software that runs websites, ordering, CRM, support, POS, and phone lines for independent restaurants and other local businesses.
- [Ownwell](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ownwell.md): Property tax appeal and home cost management platform for homeowners.
- [Oxford Quantum Circuits](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/oxford-quantum-circuits.md): Quantum computing hardware — superconducting qubits and cloud access via Amazon Braket.
- [PagerDuty](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pagerduty.md): Incident management platform for on-call alerting and response.
- [Pahdo Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pahdo-labs.md): Anime RPG studio (Halcyon Zero) building vertical UGC platform for anime-style game mods.
- [Palmstreet](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/palmstreet.md): Live-shopping marketplace for rare plants, crafts, and collector goods.
- [Paloma](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/paloma.md): AI-native CRM stitching contracts, usage, and invoices for post-sales revenue teams.
- [Palona AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/palona.md): Multimodal AI operating layer for physical businesses, proven first in restaurants.
- [Panthalassa](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/panthalassa.md): Portland public-benefit corp building wave-powered floating nodes that run AI inference at sea, transmitting tokens via satellite.
- [Parallel](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/parallel.md): Paris YC startup deploying AI agents on hospital legacy software for medical coding and admin automation.
- [Parsec Gaming](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/parsec-gaming.md): Low-latency remote desktop streaming for gamers and game studios before Unity acquired it in 2021.
- [PartyDAO](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/partydao.md): DAO building multiplayer crypto products — NFT bidding platform PartyBid.
- [Patch](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/patch.md): API-first carbon removal marketplace embedding climate offsets into business workflows.
- [Patch Biosciences](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/patch-biosciences.md): Patch Biosciences developed programmable DNA medicines before the biotech wound down or was acquired.
- [PatientPing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/patientping.md): National ADT care-coordination network, now part of Bamboo Health after Appriss Health acquisition.
- [Patlytics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/patlytics.md): AI patent analytics and workflow platform for corporate legal teams and law firms.
- [Pave](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pave.md): Real-time compensation benchmarking and merit-cycle planning for startups.
- [Payall](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/payall.md): Bank processor enabling regulated cross-border payments and international money transfers.
- [Paycom](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/paycom.md): Cloud HCM and payroll software for mid-market and enterprise employers.
- [PayIt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/payit.md): Digital government services and payments platform for agencies and residents.
- [Paymerang](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/paymerang.md): Accounts payable automation — invoices, payments, receivables — acquired by Corpay.
- [Payrails](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/payrails.md): Modular payment OS orchestrating PSPs, payouts, and reconciliation for global enterprises.
- [Payzer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/payzer.md): Field-service payments and business-management software for HVAC, plumbing, and trade contractors.
- [Pearl Diagnostics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pearl-diagnostics.md): Johns Hopkins spinout commercializing noninvasive urine assays for lung infections (Aspergillus, Pseudomonas).
- [Pearl Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pearl-health.md): Software for primary care practices participating in Medicare value-based care.
- [Pendo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pendo.md): Product experience / product analytics platform for software teams.
- [People.ai](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/peopleai.md): Revenue operations platform using AI to automate CRM data capture from sales activity.
- [Periodic Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/periodic-labs.md): AI-native autonomous lab accelerating materials science via robotic experimentation.
- [Perk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/perk.md): Spain-based AI-native platform securing €258M credit line for global expansion.
- [Petual](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/petual.md): Agentic AI platform automating internal audit and SOX compliance testing.
- [Phantom](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/phantom.md): Crypto wallet for Solana, Ethereum, and multichain DeFi and NFTs.
- [Phlotonics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/phlotonics.md): Silicon photonic biosensors for real-time monitoring in biomanufacturing and drug discovery.
- [Phota Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/phota-labs.md): Personalized visual GenAI preserving identity in photos and videos.
- [Photon Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/photon-health.md): AI-native prescription infrastructure and patient-controlled routing platform.
- [Photonect](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/photonect.md): Laser fusion fiber-to-chip photonic packaging (PIX-Attach) for data-center and telecom optics.
- [Phylo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/phylo.md): Agentic AI lab building an integrated biology environment (IBE) for biomedical research.
- [PHYMI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/phymi.md): China embodied-AI foundation-model startup — IDG led a seed of almost $100M; amount is approximate; no valuation.
- [PiCloud](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/picloud.md): Python PaaS for parallel cloud computing — acqui-hired by Dropbox in 2013.
- [Pietra](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pietra.md): Commerce OS for creators — sourcing, fulfillment, storefront, and AI ops in one membership.
- [PilotGPT](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pilotgpt.md): Offline AI copilot for GA pilots — POH-grounded flight planning, weather, and ATC help.
- [Pimlico](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pimlico.md): ERC-4337 smart-account infra — bundlers, paymasters, and gas sponsorship for onchain apps.
- [Pindrop](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pindrop.md): Voice fraud detection, authentication, and deepfake defense for banks and contact centers.
- [Pinecone](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pinecone.md): Managed vector database for AI retrieval, semantic search, and RAG applications.
- [Pinterest](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pinterest.md): Visual discovery and bookmarking platform for ideas, shopping, and planning.
- [Pixate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pixate.md): YC S12 mobile prototyping tool with CSS-styled native interactions — acquired by Google in 2015.
- [Pixxel](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pixxel.md): Hyperspectral Earth-observation satellites plus Aurora software for commercial and sovereign planetary intelligence.
- [Plaid](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/plaid.md): Financial data network connecting apps to users' bank accounts via APIs.
- [PlanetScale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/planetscale.md): Serverless MySQL-compatible database platform with branching and Vitess scaling.
- [Platfora](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/platfora.md): Hadoop-native BI for petabyte-scale data — acquired by SAP in 2016.
- [PleasrDAO](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pleasrdao.md): NFT-collecting DAO — Doge meme, Edward Snowden art, and Wu-Tang album syndicate.
- [Plus One Robotics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/plus-one-robotics.md): AI vision software and supervised-autonomy robots for high-speed parcel picking and depalletizing.
- [Podium Automation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/podium-automation.md): Software-enabled Brooklyn factory shipping UL 508A control panels in weeks, not months.
- [Point](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/point.md): Home equity investments — cash today for a share of future home appreciation, not debt.
- [Point2 Technology](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/point2-technology.md): RF interconnect (e-Tube Active RF Cables) for AI rack-scale fabrics — a third path versus copper and optics.
- [Polychain](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/polychain.md): Crypto-native hedge and venture firm founded by ex-Coinbase employee Olaf Carlson-Wee.
- [Pomelo Care](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pomelo-care.md): Virtual maternal and newborn care platform for health plans and employers.
- [Poseidon](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/poseidon.md): Decentralized data layer licensing AI training data via Story Protocol smart contracts.
- [PostProcess Technologies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/postprocess-technologies.md): Automated post-printing solutions (software, hardware, chemistry) for additive manufacturing.
- [Practice](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/practice.md): Coaching and consulting business OS — shut down November 2025.
- [Precision BioSciences](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/precision-biosciences.md): Gene editing company using ARCUS genome editing for therapeutics and related applications.
- [Precision Epigenomics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/precision-epigenomics.md): Epigenomic liquid-biopsy diagnostics for cancer detection and monitoring.
- [Prepared](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/prepared.md): AI-powered 911 and emergency dispatch software for public safety agencies.
- [Preset](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/preset.md): Managed cloud platform for Apache Superset open-source business intelligence.
- [PrettyDamnQuick](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/prettydamnquick.md): NYC checkout and shipping optimization platform helping mid-market DTC brands compete with Amazon-level delivery promises.
- [Primer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/primer.md): Payments orchestration with AI optimization for authorization rates and checkout performance.
- [Prisms](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/prisms.md): VR spatial-learning platform for K-12 math and STEM education.
- [Probably](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/probably.md): Verifiable data agent with deterministic validation to catch LLM errors before output.
- [Probook](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/probook.md): AI operating system for home-services dispatch, intake, and customer messaging.
- [Product Hunt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/product-hunt.md): Daily community leaderboard where makers launch and discover new tech products.
- [Prokeep](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/prokeep.md): Mobile/software platform connecting building contractors with equipment and supply distributors.
- [Prometheus](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/prometheus.md): Physical-AI company building an "artificial general engineer" to automate design and manufacturing of complex hardware.
- [Promise](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/promise.md): Flexible, interest-free payment plans for government and utility bills.
- [Promptfoo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/promptfoo.md): Open-source LLM evaluation and red-teaming toolkit for enterprise AI safety.
- [PromptLayer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/promptlayer.md): Prompt management, evaluation, and governance platform for production LLM applications.
- [Proof Holdings](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/proof-holdings.md): Web3 collective behind Moonbirds NFTs and the PROOF membership brand.
- [Proof of Play](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/proof-of-play.md): On-chain game studio behind Pirate Nation, founded by FarmVille co-creator.
- [Propel](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/propel.md): Fintech behind the Propel app for SNAP/EBT benefits and low-income financial tools.
- [Prosper AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/prosper-ai.md): Agentic AI platform automating patient scheduling, eligibility, and billing phone work.
- [Protege](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/protege.md): Governed marketplace licensing real-world multimodal data for AI training.
- [Protocol Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/protocol-labs.md): Research and development company behind IPFS, Filecoin, and libp2p decentralized web protocols.
- [Proven.com](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/provencom.md): Mobile hiring app for small businesses — acquired by Upward in 2019.
- [Proxima Fusion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/proxima-fusion.md): German stellarator fusion company building steady-state magnetic confinement reactors.
- [Pryzm](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pryzm.md): AI command center for federal capture, procurement, and defense-contract discovery.
- [Pug.AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pugai.md): AI career-management platform using digital humans for upskilling and job placement.
- [Pumpcade](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pumpcade.md): Pre-seed consumer prediction product combining live content with fast-resolution markets.
- [Pylon](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pylon.md): Agentic B2B customer-support platform unifying Slack, Teams, email, and AI agents.
- [Pyn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/pyn.md): HRIS-triggered employee communications and manager playbooks for People teams.
- [Q Bio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/q-bio.md): Quantitative preventive-health platform with full-body MRI and longitudinal biomarkers.
- [Qdrant](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/qdrant.md): Open-source Rust vector database for production RAG, hybrid search, and agent memory at scale.
- [Qianxun Intelligence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/qianxun-intelligence.md): Chinese embodied-AI company building Spirit VLA models and Moz humanoid robots for industrial deployment.
- [Qodo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/qodo.md): AI code verification and review platform for enterprise coding-agent workflows.
- [Quantopian](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/quantopian.md): Crowdsourced algo-trading platform that shut down in 2020 after its hedge fund underperformed.
- [Quantum Systems](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/quantum-systems.md): Software-defined autonomous aircraft and mission systems for defense, security, and dual-use operations.
- [Quartr](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/quartr.md): First-party public-company investor-relations data packaged for people and ai workflows.
- [Quince](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/quince.md): DTC brand selling premium-quality goods at lower prices via supply-chain-direct model.
- [QuiverAI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/quiverai.md): AI lab generating editable SVG vector graphics from images and text via its Arrow model.
- [Quobly](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/quobly.md): French quantum startup building silicon spin-qubit processors on standard 300mm semiconductor fabs.
- [Quora](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/quora.md): Q&A platform; Poe is a multi-model AI chat and bot-creation marketplace.
- [RAAPID](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/raapid.md): AI clinical NLP platform for risk adjustment, quality, and clinical documentation improvement.
- [Rabbit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rabbit.md): AI hardware startup behind the r1 pocket device and Large Action Model (LAM) OS.
- [RADAR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/radar.md): AI + RFID retail inventory platform giving stores item-level real-time stock visibility.
- [RadEmploy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rademploy.md): Job portal connecting radiology employers with imaging professionals.
- [Radiant](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/radiant.md): Portable micro-nuclear reactors for remote power and defense applications.
- [Radiant Nuclear](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/radiant-nuclear.md): Portable microreactor company building Kaleidos for remote and defense energy.
- [Raid Base](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/raid-base.md): Game studio from ex-Riot leaders building an open-world sandbox PvPvE title.
- [Ramp](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ramp.md): AI-powered finance platform combining corporate cards, expense, bill pay, procurement, and accounting automation.
- [RapidAPI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rapidapi.md): API marketplace and enterprise API management platform for developers.
- [Rapido](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rapido.md): India's largest bike-taxi and affordable mobility platform across 400+ cities.
- [Rappi](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rappi.md): Latin American super-app for delivery, fintech, and on-demand commerce.
- [Rasa](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rasa.md): Open-source conversational AI and enterprise agent platform for customer automation.
- [Raspberry AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/raspberry-ai.md): Generative AI platform for fashion design — CAD files, tech packs, and mood boards.
- [Ready Player Me](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ready-player-me.md): Cross-game avatar platform for interoperable 3D identities — acquired by Netflix (2025).
- [Rebellions](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rebellions.md): Korean AI inference chip startup raising $400M pre-IPO at $2.3B valuation.
- [Recoop Disaster Insurance](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/recoop.md): Multi-peril disaster insurance paying lump-sum cash after hurricanes, wildfires, tornadoes, and other declared disasters.
- [Recursion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/recursion.md): Techbio company using automated labs and ML for drug discovery at scale.
- [Red Hot Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/red-hot-labs.md): Mobile social game studio acquired by Google in 2012.
- [Reddit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/reddit.md): Community forum platform organized by subreddits with voting and AMA culture.
- [Reducto](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/reducto.md): AI document-intelligence platform parsing PDFs and unstructured files for enterprise agents.
- [Redwood Materials](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/redwood-materials.md): Battery materials recycling and domestic cathode/anode supply chain company (Carson City / Northern Nevada).
- [Reface](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/reface.md): AI face-swap video app for viral content and entertainment.
- [Reflektive](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/reflektive.md): Real-time performance feedback platform acquired by Cornerstone OnDemand.
- [Reforge](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/reforge.md): Professional education platform for growth, product, and marketing leaders.
- [Reframe Systems](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/reframe-systems.md): Robotic microfactories and software that manufacture climate-resilient homes near demand.
- [Regrello](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/regrello.md): AI workflow automation for manufacturing supply chains, acquired by Salesforce in 2025.
- [Relace](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/relace.md): Infrastructure platform for AI code generation and agentic software workflows.
- [Relay](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/relay.md): Payments platform for SMBs replacing bank wires with tracked, compliant transfers.
- [Relentless](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/relentless.md): New York seed VC fund led by Index Ventures alum Damir Becirovic; $80M+ Fund I for concentrated early bets.
- [ReliaQuest](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/reliaquest.md): AI-powered security operations platform (GreyMatter) for enterprise threat detection, investigation, and response.
- [Replay](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/replay.md): Browser session recorder and debugger for web developers.
- [Replicate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/replicate.md): Cloud platform to run and deploy open-source ML models via API.
- [Replit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/replit.md): Browser-based IDE and AI agent platform for building and deploying apps.
- [Rescale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rescale.md): High-performance computing cloud for engineering simulation and AI workloads.
- [Resend](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/resend.md): Email API for developers with modern DX and React Email integration.
- [Reserv](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/reserv.md): AI-native insurance claims TPA — automating P&C claims handling at scale.
- [Resilia](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/resilia.md): SaaS platform helping foundations and nonprofits with capacity building, coaching, and grantmaker intelligence.
- [Resourcely](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/resourcely.md): Policy-as-code guardrails for cloud infrastructure provisioning.
- [Retro](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/retro.md): Friend-focused photo sharing without advertising-driven For You feeds.
- [Revel](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/revel.md): Urban DC fast-charging network for EVs; merged with Voltera in May 2026 after exiting ride-hail.
- [Revella Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/revella-health.md): AI and clinical outreach for Medicare Advantage Stars, risk adjustment, and care-gap closure.
- [Revolut](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/revolut.md): Global neobank and financial super-app — payments, cards, crypto, business banking.
- [Rewatch](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rewatch.md): AI meeting assistant and async video hub acquired by Atlassian in 2024.
- [Rezo Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rezo-therapeutics.md): Biotech mapping disease networks from UCSF QBI tech for precision therapeutics.
- [Rhombus](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rhombus.md): Enterprise smart camera and physical security platform with cloud management and AI analytics.
- [Ribbon Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ribbon-health.md): Healthcare provider data API for accurate directories, insurance, and referrals.
- [Rigetti](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rigetti.md): Superconducting quantum processors; public via SPAC on NASDAQ (RGTI).
- [Rigup](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rigup.md): Workforce platform for skilled trades in energy and infrastructure (now Workrise).
- [Rillet](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rillet.md): AI-native ERP and general ledger where agents do finance work with human approval.
- [Ringg](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ringg.md): Bengaluru voice-agent platform automating enterprise phone, WhatsApp, and browser workflows in India.
- [Rippling](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rippling.md): Workforce platform unifying HR, IT, payroll, and corporate spend.
- [Rival](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rival.md): Fan engagement and mobile ticketing startup acquired by Live Nation.
- [Rive](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rive.md): Real-time interactive animation platform and runtime for apps, games, and embedded UIs.
- [River AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/river-ai.md): API for LoRA fine-tuning and reinforcement learning on open-weight models — path to personal AI you own.
- [RLY Network](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rly-network.md): Creator-economy token infrastructure for social tokens and community coins on Ethereum.
- [Robinhood](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/robinhood.md): Commission-free mobile brokerage for stocks, options, crypto, and cash management.
- [Roblox](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/roblox.md): User-generated gaming platform and virtual economy for immersive experiences.
- [Roboto Games](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/roboto-games.md): Game studio from ex-PopCap founders building immersive titles with optional web3 economies.
- [Rockmelt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rockmelt.md): Social web browser acquired by Yahoo in 2013 for roughly $60–70M.
- [Rockwell Automation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rockwell-automation.md): Industrial automation and digital transformation company (NYSE:ROK) headquartered in Milwaukee.
- [Roebling](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/roebling.md): AI-native platform for industrial infrastructure planning and techno-economic analysis.
- [Rollup AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rollup-ai.md): Engineering collaboration platform for hardware development teams.
- [ROME Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rome-therapeutics.md): Biotech targeting the genomic repeatome for cancer and autoimmune disease.
- [Root Insurance](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/root-insurance.md): Technology-driven personal auto insurance priced with mobile/telematics signals.
- [Rosebud AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rosebud-ai.md): AI game creation platform — generate games and assets from text prompts.
- [Royal](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/royal.md): Music NFT and fan-investment platform for fractional song ownership.
- [RQD* Clearing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rqd-clearing.md): Technology-driven U.S. clearing and custody infrastructure for broker-dealers, RIAs, and global financial institutions.
- [RTFKT](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rtfkt.md): Virtual sneakers and NFT collectibles studio acquired by Nike in 2021.
- [Run the World](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/run-the-world.md): Virtual events platform with cocktail-party networking, acquired by EventMobi in 2023.
- [Runable](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/runable.md): Bengaluru AI agent that builds SMB products and aims to grow them with ads and distribution.
- [Rundoo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rundoo.md): AI-first system of record and POS for independent hardware, paint, lumber, farm, and garden supply stores.
- [Rune Technologies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rune-technologies.md): AI-enabled logistics software for U.S. military supply and deployment planning.
- [Runloop](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/runloop.md): Enterprise infrastructure for developing, evaluating, and deploying AI coding agents.
- [Runta](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/runta.md): Execution layer and sandboxed runtime infrastructure for production AI agents.
- [Runway](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/runway-ml.md): Generative AI video platform for creators, studios, and enterprise post-production.
- [Runway](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/runway.md): Runway ML's $10M corporate builder fund — credits for application-layer startups on its video AI platform.
- [Rutter](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rutter.md): Universal commerce API connecting ecommerce, accounting, and payments platforms.
- [RxVantage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rxvantage.md): Platform connecting healthcare providers with life science professionals for education and access scheduling.
- [Rye](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/rye.md): Universal checkout API turning any product URL into a completed order.
- [Safe Superintelligence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/safe-superintelligence.md): AI lab focused on building safe superintelligence — founded by Ilya Sutskever.
- [SafeRide Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/saferide-health.md): Technology-first non-emergency medical transportation (NEMT) platform for Medicaid, Medicare Advantage, and providers.
- [Sailes](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sailes.md): AI sales agents (Sailebots) that automate enterprise prospecting and lead generation.
- [Salient](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/salient.md): AI voice and workflow agents for consumer-lending servicing and collections.
- [Salt AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/salt-ai.md): Visual AI development platform for building and deploying AI workflows.
- [SambaNova](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sambanova.md): A full-stack AI computing platform built around custom dataflow processors and enterprise model-serving software.
- [Samsara](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/samsara.md): Industrial IoT platform for fleet, equipment, and operations visibility.
- [Sandbar](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sandbar.md): AI note-taking ring capturing voice memos and ideas with on-device speech processing.
- [Sandbox VR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sandbox-vr.md): Location-based multiplayer VR experiences in proprietary motion-capture arenas.
- [Santa Ana Bio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/santa-ana-bio.md): Precision immunology biotech for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
- [Sapien](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sapien-ai.md): Enterprise AI that traces operational decisions to P&L impact — expanding beyond classic FP&A planning software.
- [Sardine](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sardine.md): AI-powered fraud prevention and compliance platform for fintech and crypto.
- [Saronic](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/saronic.md): Autonomous surface vessels for US Navy and maritime defense at production scale.
- [Sarvam AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sarvam-ai.md): India's full-stack sovereign AI platform—Indic LLMs, voice APIs, and enterprise agents on domestic infrastructure.
- [Scale Computing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/scale-computing.md): Edge computing and hyperconverged infrastructure / virtualization — now combined under the Scale Computing name after Acumera’s acquisition.
- [ScaleOps](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/scaleops.md): Kubernetes and GPU workload optimization reducing overprovisioned AI cloud spend.
- [Scapia](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/scapia.md): Indian travel-fintech app combining co-branded credit cards, UPI, and integrated trip booking.
- [Scene Infrastructure Co](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/scene-infrastructure-co.md): Web3 software company spun out of Friends With Benefits DAO.
- [Science Exchange](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/science-exchange.md): Life-sciences procurement marketplace for outsourced R&D services.
- [SciFin](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/scifin.md): Enterprise AI context layer that keeps revenue teams’ accounts, deals, and forecasts in a continuously maintained operating picture.
- [Scout](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ag-scout.md): AI-powered vineyard and farm management platform consolidating field data for winegrowers.
- [Scribe Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/scribe-therapeutics.md): CRISPR enzyme engineering platform for in vivo genetic medicines.
- [Scribenote](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/scribenote.md): AI medical scribe for veterinarians automating SOAP notes and documentation.
- [Season Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/season-health.md): Food-as-medicine platform pairing meal prescriptions with delivery and reimbursement.
- [SeedFi](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/seedfi.md): Credit-building and savings products for underserved borrowers.
- [Segura](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/segura.md): AI-powered insurance broker platform for Brazil and Latin America via WhatsApp.
- [Seismic Systems](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/seismic-systems.md): Privacy-enabled blockchain for stablecoin infrastructure and fintech payments.
- [Semble](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/semble.md): Cloud practice-management and EHR platform for European private healthcare providers.
- [Senra Systems](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/senra-systems.md): Software-driven wire harness manufacturing for aerospace and defense.
- [SentiLink](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sentilink.md): Synthetic identity fraud detection for banks and fintech originations.
- [Sequen](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sequen.md): TikTok-style personalization engine API for consumer apps without full recommender rebuild.
- [Sequence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sequence.md): FinOps and revenue-automation platform for B2B billing and pricing workflows.
- [Series Entertainment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/series-entertainment.md): GenAI game studio and Rho Engine for AI-native game development.
- [Sesame](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sesame.md): Conversational speech AI and AI glasses with sub-300ms response times.
- [Setpoint.io](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/setpointio.md): Funding OS and capital-markets infrastructure for asset-backed lending originators.
- [Shapeways](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/shapeways.md): 3D printing marketplace and on-demand manufacturing for designers and enterprises.
- [Sharp Performance](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sharp-performance.md): Coaching platform for first responders and public-safety professionals in high-risk jobs.
- [Sharpa](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sharpa.md): Full-stack Physical AI: 22-DoF dexterous hands, wheeled humanoids, and CraftNet manipulation models.
- [Shef](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/shef.md): Marketplace connecting vetted home cooks with local buyers for homemade meal delivery.
- [Shibuya](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/shibuya.md): Web3 studio for community-funded episodic video where audiences co-own IP.
- [Shield AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/shield-ai.md): Autonomy software for military aircraft and drones without GPS or comms.
- [Ship It Pro](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ship-it-pro.md): AI-powered transportation damage management and 3D load planning for shippers and carriers.
- [Shipt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/shipt.md): Same-day grocery and retail delivery marketplace founded in Birmingham; acquired by Target.
- [Shizuku AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/shizuku-ai.md): AI companion and VTuber character platform from StreamDiffusion researcher Akio Kodaira.
- [ShoeDazzle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/shoedazzle.md): Subscription e-commerce for women's shoes and accessories.
- [Shop Rodeo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/shop-rodeo.md): Social shopping app blending TikTok-style feeds with shoppable product links.
- [Sierra](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sierra.md): Enterprise AI agents for customer experience—voice and text resolution with outcome-based pricing.
- [SignalFx](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/signalfx.md): Cloud-native monitoring platform using streaming analytics.
- [Signifyd](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/signifyd.md): Commerce protection platform guaranteeing retailers against fraud and chargebacks.
- [SigOpt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sigopt.md): ML hyperparameter optimization platform for enterprise AI workflows.
- [Silver Tail Systems](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/silver-tail-systems.md): Real-time web fraud detection using session behavioral analytics.
- [SIMCOM Aviation Training](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/simcom-aviation.md): Simulator-based advanced aviation training for professional and owner-operator pilots.
- [SimSpace](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/simspace.md): High-fidelity cyber range for training, testing, and validating cyber teams, stacks, and AI defenses.
- [Singularity 6](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/singularity-6.md): Game studio behind cozy MMO Palia focused on friendship-first multiplayer.
- [Sirdab](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sirdab.md): YC W23 Riyadh cloud-warehousing platform — $10M Series A co-led by Elm and BECO; company says profitable.
- [Skan AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/skan-ai.md): Context graph of work for enterprise AI — observe how employees actually execute processes, then deploy agents on that map.
- [Skip Technology](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/skip-technology.md): Energy storage technology company developing advanced battery/flow systems (Portland).
- [Skout](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/skout.md): Mobile social network for meeting new people nearby.
- [Sky](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sky.md): Agentic AI iPhone home screen replacing static app grids with proactive widgets.
- [Sky Mavis](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sky-mavis.md): Developer of Axie Infinity game and Ronin blockchain for Web3 gaming.
- [Skydio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/skydio.md): Autonomous drones for enterprise inspection, public safety, and defense.
- [Skylight Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/skylight-health.md): Value-based multispecialty platform coordinating specialty care for health plans and physicians.
- [Skype](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/skype.md): Internet voice and video communications platform.
- [SkySafe](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/skysafe.md): Counter-drone security that uses RF signals to detect and safely land unauthorized UAVs.
- [Slack](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/slack.md): Team messaging and collaboration platform for workplaces.
- [Slate Auto](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/slate-auto.md): Modular, bare-bones electric pickup and SUV starting at $24,950 — built for affordability and DIY customization.
- [Sleeper](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sleeper.md): Social fantasy sports and esports app with chat-native leagues and mock drafts.
- [Slingshot AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/slingshot-ai.md): Foundation models and consumer app (Ash) for AI mental-health support.
- [Sloyd](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sloyd.md): AI 3D asset platform combining parametric templates with text and image-to-3D generation.
- [Smack Technologies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/smack-technologies.md): Frontier AI lab for national security — Omega command planning and Alpha tactical-edge autonomy.
- [Smartcar](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/smartcar.md): Unified API connecting apps to vehicle telematics across OEM brands.
- [Snackpass](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/snackpass.md): Social food-ordering app for college campuses and pickup restaurants.
- [SnapLogic](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/snaplogic.md): Enterprise iPaaS integrating cloud SaaS, databases, and on-premise systems.
- [Snapser](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/snapser.md): Modular games-backend microservices so studios own code and player data.
- [SocialCam](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/socialcam.md): Mobile social video capture and sharing app.
- [Socket](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/socket.md): Software supply-chain security for open-source dependencies.
- [SoftLayer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/softlayer.md): Dallas-born IaaS / cloud infrastructure provider — acquired by IBM in 2013.
- [Sola](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sola.md): AI-native process automation where business users record workflows to deploy agents.
- [Solana](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/solana.md): High-throughput L1 blockchain for consumer crypto, DeFi, and memecoins.
- [Solugen](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/solugen.md): Chemi-enzymatic Bioforge platform making low-carbon chemicals from plant sugars instead of petroleum.
- [SomaVac](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/somavac.md): Medical device company focused on post-surgical fluid management / seroma-related wound care.
- [Sona](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sona.md): AI-native workforce platform for frontline scheduling, HR, and operations.
- [Sonic Fire Tech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sonic-fire-tech.md): Infrasound / acoustic fire suppression that aims to extinguish flames in seconds without water or chemical residue.
- [Sonos](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sonos.md): Wireless multi-room audio hardware and software platform for homes and businesses.
- [Sound.xyz](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/soundxyz.md): Web3 music platform for artist-owned releases; pivoted toward Sound Premium subscriptions.
- [Source Foundry](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/source-foundry.md): Stealth semiconductor manufacturing equipment startup targeting lithography bottlenecks for AI chips.
- [Sourcegraph](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sourcegraph.md): Code search and AI coding assistant (Cody) for enterprise codebases.
- [Sovrun](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sovrun.md): On-chain gaming infrastructure and venture arm (rebranded from BreederDAO).
- [Soylent](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/soylent.md): Meal-replacement drinks and powders for convenient nutrition.
- [SpaceX](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/spacex.md): Reusable rockets and Starlink satellite internet constellation.
- [Spade](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/spade.md): Real-time transaction enrichment API mapping card auth strings to verified merchants.
- [Sphere](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sphere.md): AI-native global indirect tax engine for VAT/GST compliance in 100+ regions.
- [SpotHero](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/spothero.md): Chicago parking reservation marketplace connecting drivers with garages, lots, and event parking across North America.
- [SpotOn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/spoton.md): Restaurant and SMB payments, POS, and marketing software platform.
- [Sprig](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sprig.md): In-product user research and concept-testing platform for product teams.
- [Sprinter Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sprinter-health.md): Tech-enabled mobile clinicians closing care gaps for health plans at home.
- [Spruce Systems](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/spruce-systems.md): Decentralized identity stack (SpruceID, Kepler) for wallet-native auth across Web2 and Web3.
- [SPS Commerce](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sps-commerce.md): Cloud EDI and supply-chain network for retailers and suppliers.
- [SquadLocker](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/squadlocker.md): Online platform for teams and organizations to design and buy custom athletic apparel and gear.
- [Stability AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/stability-ai.md): Generative models and creative-production tools for music, games, and entertainment, with rights holders now on the cap table.
- [Stack Overflow](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/stack-overflow.md): Developer Q&A community and Teams enterprise knowledge platform.
- [Stacker](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/stacker.md): No-code internal app builder syncing Airtable and spreadsheets for business teams.
- [Stainless](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/stainless.md): Platform generating and maintaining high-quality SDKs from OpenAPI specs.
- [Standard Metrics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/standard-metrics.md): AI-native portfolio reporting and data platform for venture capital and private equity firms.
- [Standard Nuclear](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/standard-nuclear.md): Advanced HALEU fuel production for next-generation nuclear reactors.
- [Standard Treasury](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/standard-treasury.md): Banking API platform for developer-first financial institutions (historical).
- [Starburst](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/starburst.md): Enterprise Trino SQL engine for querying data without moving it to a warehouse.
- [Starcloud](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/starcloud.md): Orbital data-center satellites for AI inference, starting with an Nvidia H100 in space.
- [Status AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/status-ai.md): Gamified social app where users create worlds and characters — 13M+ worlds built.
- [Stelo Labs, Inc.](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/stelo-labs-inc.md): Web3 wallet security: transaction simulation and malicious approval blocking.
- [Stipple Bio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/stipple-bio.md): Precision oncology antibodies from epitope-level tumor targeting via Pointillist platform.
- [Stitch](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/stitch.md): Cloud-native core banking OS for lending, cards, payments, and ledgers in GCC and emerging markets.
- [StockX](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/stockx.md): Detroit-based authenticated marketplace for sneakers, streetwear, collectibles, and more.
- [Stoik](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/stoik.md): Cyber insurance plus proactive security software for European SMBs.
- [Stoke Space](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/stoke-space.md): Fully reusable medium-lift rocket (Nova) targeting 100% first- and second-stage reuse from Kent, Washington.
- [Stord](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/stord.md): Fulfillment network plus AI-powered supply chain software for independent e-commerce brands competing with Amazon-scale logistics.
- [Story Protocol](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/story-protocol.md): L1 blockchain for registering, licensing, and monetizing intellectual property onchain.
- [Straiker](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/straiker.md): Agentic security platform that discovers, adversarially tests, and runtime-protects enterprise AI agents.
- [Stripe](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/stripe.md): Global payments and financial infrastructure platform for internet businesses.
- [Stuut](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/stuut.md): AI agents autonomously running accounts receivable collections and cash application.
- [Substack](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/substack.md): Publishing platform for independent writers with paid subscriptions.
- [Supabase](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/supabase.md): Open-source Postgres backend platform — database, auth, storage, edge functions, and vector search for developers and AI app builders.
- [Super Evil MegaCorp](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/super-evil-megacorp.md): Mobile game studio behind Vainglory and in-development title Project Spellfire.
- [SuperCircle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/supercircle.md): AI-powered operating system for profitable retail textile waste and circularity.
- [Superhuman](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/superhuman.md): Premium email client focused on speed and AI-assisted inbox workflows.
- [Supermove](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/supermove.md): Vertical SaaS and fintech for moving, storage, and logistics operators.
- [Supersonik](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/supersonik.md): Autonomous multilingual AI agent for live B2B software demos on video calls.
- [Svix](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/svix.md): Enterprise webhooks infrastructure — delivery, retries, security, and monitoring as a managed API.
- [Swan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/swan.md): Bitcoin-only platform for recurring buys, custody, and savings.
- [SwayBrand, Inc.](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/swaybrand-inc.md): Hyperlocal creator platform booking on-location creators for retail brand marketing.
- [Sweep](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sweep.md): GTM metadata / agentic-workspace layer on Salesforce and ServiceNow — ServiceNow confirmed an acquisition; about $400 million is still reported.
- [SweetBio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sweetbio.md): Honey-based wound care biomaterials (APIS®) for clinical healing applications.
- [Swell](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/swell.md): Consumer crypto wallet for buying and holding digital assets (historical).
- [Swiftype](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/swiftype.md): Hosted site search and enterprise search SaaS.
- [Switch](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/switch-inc.md): Las Vegas–HQ data center operator — SUPERNAP / Core Campus ecosystems; taken private in 2022.
- [Swivel](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/swivel.md): AI automation for advertising operations (formerly PilotDesk).
- [Sycamore](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/sycamore.md): Enterprise AI agent orchestration control plane — policy, integration, and observability.
- [Synapse](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/synapse.md): Banking-as-a-service middleware for fintechs — filed Chapter 11 bankruptcy in April 2024.
- [Syndicate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/syndicate.md): Infrastructure for creating DAOs, investment clubs, and onchain organizations.
- [Syntec Optics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/syntec-optics.md): Precision polymer optics manufacturer for medical, defense, and consumer imaging.
- [Synthreo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/synthreo.md): Agentic AI platform white-labeled for managed service providers serving SMB and mid-market clients.
- [Tabular](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tabular.md): Apache Iceberg table format company for open lakehouse storage.
- [Tackle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tackle.md): Cloud marketplace GTM platform for B2B software vendors (acquired by AppDirect).
- [Tackle.io](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tackleio.md): Cloud marketplace listing and revenue platform for B2B software sellers.
- [Tako](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tako.md): Answer-engine API that turns natural-language queries into cited, interactive knowledge cards from licensed data and the web.
- [Talaria](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/talaria.md): Dynamic web application server with JIT runtime (acquired by Google 2013).
- [Talkiatry](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/talkiatry.md): In-network telepsychiatry platform for value-based behavioral health.
- [Tally](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tally.md): Automated credit-card debt payoff app (shut down August 2024).
- [Tally Labs, Inc.](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tally-labs-inc.md): Web3 media studio behind Jenkins the Valet — community-governed IP from BAYC.
- [Talos](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/talos.md): Institutional digital-asset trading, liquidity, and portfolio management infrastructure.
- [Tanium](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tanium.md): Endpoint management and security platform for large enterprise IT environments.
- [Tapi](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tapi.md): Latin American bill-pay and recurring-payments API for fintechs and banks.
- [Tasty Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tasty-labs.md): Consumer mobile apps studio behind Aviary photo-editing SDK (acquired by Yahoo 2014).
- [Tebra](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tebra.md): Operating system for independent healthcare practices (Kareo + PatientPop merger brand).
- [Tecton](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tecton.md): Enterprise feature store for real-time ML data (acquired by Databricks 2025).
- [Teespring](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/teespring.md): Custom merchandise platform for creators (rebranded as Spring) without upfront inventory.
- [Telepatia AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/telepatia-ai.md): AI-native clinical platform for Latin American hospitals — documentation and decision support.
- [Teleport](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/teleport.md): Identity-based secure access to servers, Kubernetes, databases, and internal apps.
- [Tellus](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tellus.md): High-yield savings product lending deposits into prime California single-family mortgages.
- [Temporal](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/temporal.md): Durable execution platform for reliable long-running workflows and AI agent orchestration.
- [Tenex AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tenex-ai.md): AI-native managed detection and response (MDR) and security operations platform.
- [Tenfold](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tenfold.md): CRM and phone system integration for sales and service teams (acquired by LivePerson 2021).
- [Tennr](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tennr.md): AI that automates healthcare fax and document workflows for referrals and prior auth.
- [Ternwheel](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ternwheel.md): Touring operations platform helping artists plan profitable live tours.
- [Tessera Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tessera-labs.md): AI-native ERP platform automating document-heavy enterprise workflows.
- [Testcode](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/testcode.md): Social audio incubator — deepcut.fm shared listening rooms from Turntable.fm founder Billy Chasen.
- [Thatch Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/thatch-health.md): ICHRA health benefits platform letting employees choose their own insurance.
- [The Better Money Company](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/the-better-money-company.md): Stablecoin payment rails and interoperability layer for business settlement.
- [The Coterie](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/the-coterie.md): Wealth and private-markets platform for founders — alternative investments, estate planning, and lending for asset-rich operators.
- [The Exploration Company](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/the-exploration-company.md): European reusable spacecraft company building Nyx capsule and Storm engines toward sovereign launch and logistics capacity.
- [Theker](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/theker.md): Barcelona-based full-stack generalist robots for industrial manipulation — deployed live under a Robot-as-a-Service model.
- [Theorycraft Games](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/theorycraft-games.md): Veteran-led studio developing deep team-based competitive game codenamed Loki.
- [Thinking Machines Lab](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/thinking-machines-lab.md): Mira Murati's AI research lab building multimodal models with open-science ethos.
- [Third Arc Bio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/third-arc-bio.md): Multifunctional antibodies for oncology and immunology using immune-synapse biology.
- [Thrive Financial](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/thrive-financial.md): Home improvement financing platform for contractors and their customers.
- [Thrive Holdings](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/thrive-holdings.md): OpenAI-backed AI deployment platform that acquires traditional services businesses and installs AI into their workflows — PE distribution for agents.
- [Thunder Compute](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/thunder-compute.md): GPU virtualization software — “VMware for GPUs” — so enterprises and clouds can reclaim idle accelerator capacity.
- [Thyme Care](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/thyme-care.md): Value-based oncology care navigation and support platform for cancer patients.
- [Tidemark](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tidemark.md): Cloud FP&A and planning analytics for finance teams (acquired by Vista portfolio company).
- [Tigris](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tigris.md): Globally distributed S3-compatible object storage built for AI workloads.
- [Tigris Data](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tigris-data.md): Globally distributed S3-compatible object storage optimized for AI and serverless workloads.
- [Tilt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tilt.md): Social group payments app (acquired by Airbnb 2017).
- [Timbucktoo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/timbucktoo.md): Art-tech platform using AI and blockchain for digital certificates of authenticity, insurance, and royalty tracking.
- [TinyCo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tinyco.md): Mobile free-to-play game studio (acquired by SGN/GREE 2015).
- [Titan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/titan.md): Mobile-first active investing platform with curated strategies for retail investors.
- [TIXiMED](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tiximed.md): UAB spinout developing TIX100, an oral TXNIP inhibitor for Type 1 diabetes.
- [Tlon](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tlon.md): Developer of Urbit — peer-to-peer personal server OS for decentralized computing.
- [Tmunity Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tmunity-therapeutics.md): T-cell immunotherapy biotech (acquired by Instil Bio 2022).
- [Tobe Energy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tobe-energy.md): Energy technology company focused on advanced power and energy-system innovations (OKC).
- [Together AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/together-ai.md): Neocloud GPU platform for production AI training and open-model inference.
- [Toka](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/toka-cyber-builders.md): Government-focused cyber capacity builder — bespoke SIGINT, forensics, and defense software for trusted agencies.
- [Toma](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/toma.md): AI voice agents for auto dealerships — scheduling, parts orders, and sales calls.
- [Tomfoolery](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tomfoolery.md): Mobile messaging startup (acquired by Yahoo 2014).
- [Tomorrow Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tomorrow-health.md): Home-based medical equipment ordering platform connecting providers, payers, and DME suppliers.
- [TopKey](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/topkey.md): Banking, payments, and expense management for short-term rental and hospitality operators.
- [Topography Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/topography-health.md): Managed marketplace helping community physicians run clinical trials with ops support.
- [Totem](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/totem.md): Event-tech compass hardware and app for finding friends at festivals without cell service.
- [Town](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/town.md): Personalized AI assistant that learns your workflows across email, calendar, and docs.
- [TradeBlock](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tradeblock.md): Institutional crypto market data and indexes — acquired by CoinDesk in January 2021.
- [Trajectory](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/trajectory.md): Continual-learning infrastructure so production AI agents improve from real usage and corrections.
- [Transphorm](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/transphorm.md): Goleta GaN power semiconductor company — UCSB spinout acquired by Renesas (June 2024) after NASDAQ: TGAN run.
- [Treeline](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/treeline.md): AI-native IT services platform modernizing MSP operations for corporate IT and security.
- [TripActions](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tripactions.md): Corporate travel and expense platform — rebranded Navan, IPO October 2025.
- [Tripo AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/tripo-ai.md): 3D-native foundation models and tools (Tripo Studio / API) for production-oriented generative 3D.
- [TruckSmarter](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/trucksmarter.md): Driver-first freight marketplace and financial platform for owner-operator truckers.
- [TrueFan AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/truefan-ai.md): Enterprise AI video platform — one 5-minute recording generates millions of personalized videos in 175+ languages.
- [TrueFi](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/truefi.md): DeFi protocol for uncollateralized lending using on-chain credit scores.
- [Truemed](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/truemed.md): Lets consumers use HSA/FSA funds on evidence-based preventive health products via Letters of Medical Necessity.
- [Truffle Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/truffle-security.md): Secrets scanning and non-human identity security — makers of TruffleHog.
- [Trunk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/trunk.md): Developer productivity platform — merge queues, code quality checks, and CI reliability for high-velocity engineering teams.
- [Turno](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/turno.md): Vacation-rental turnover and cleaning operations software for short-term rental operators.
- [Turquoise Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/turquoise-health.md): Healthcare price transparency data and contract intelligence SaaS for payers and health systems.
- [Twilio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/twilio.md): Cloud communications APIs for SMS, voice, email, and verification.
- [Twin1](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/twin1.md): Privacy-first AI digital twins that scale professional expertise and form a governed enterprise context network.
- [TXN Solutions](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/txn-solutions.md): Consumer spending analytics and competitive intelligence (acquired by Envestnet 2018).
- [Udacity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/udacity.md): Online tech education platform with Nanodegree programs (acquired by Accenture 2024).
- [Udio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/udio.md): AI music generation platform creating songs from text prompts.
- [Ultima Genomics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ultima-genomics.md): High-throughput $100 genome sequencing platform using open-flow genomics.
- [Ultimarii](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ultimarii.md): Regulatory intelligence AI that accelerates permitting for energy, mining, and utilities.
- [Ultrahuman](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ultrahuman.md): Smart rings and health platform evolving from trackers into on-finger computers.
- [Ulysses](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ulysses.md): Modular autonomous surface and underwater vehicles for ocean restoration, infrastructure, and defense.
- [Unacademy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/unacademy.md): Indian online education platform acquired by upGrad in an all-stock transaction.
- [Unconventional AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/unconventional-ai.md): Brain-inspired, energy-efficient AI chips from former Databricks AI chief Naveen Rao.
- [Understory](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/understory.md): Climate-risk insurance and hyperlocal weather risk platform for weather-exposed industries.
- [Unframe](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/unframe.md): Managed enterprise AI delivery — implementation and deployment, not model demos.
- [UnifyID](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/unifyid.md): Behavioral biometrics for implicit phone authentication; acquired by Prove in 2021.
- [Unisound](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/unisound.md): Chinese voice-AI and conversational intelligence for healthcare, IoT, and enterprise.
- [Uniswap](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/uniswap.md): Leading decentralized exchange protocol for automated market making on Ethereum.
- [UnitedMasters](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/unitedmasters.md): Independent music distribution platform letting artists keep ownership while reaching streaming audiences.
- [Unitree](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/unitree.md): Hangzhou maker of quadruped and humanoid robots; first humanoid listing on mainland China’s STAR Market.
- [UnityAI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/unityai.md): Agentic AI workforce for healthcare operations — patient scheduling, outreach, and staffing coordination.
- [Universal](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/universal.md): Cross-chain wrapped-token protocol (uAssets) for trading any crypto asset on any chain.
- [Unlimited Industries](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/unlimited-industries.md): AI-native vertically integrated construction firm automating infrastructure engineering and design.
- [UpSmith](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/upsmith.md): AI and rewards software helping HVAC, plumbing, and electrical contractors grow revenue.
- [Upstash](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/upstash.md): Serverless Redis, Kafka, and vector database with per-request pricing.
- [Uptake](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/uptake.md): Chicago industrial AI platform for predictive analytics and asset performance management in energy, rail, and heavy industry.
- [Upwind](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/upwind.md): Automated cloud security platform prioritizing real risks across cloud estates.
- [Urban Engines](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/urban-engines.md): Urban mobility analytics from location big data (acquired by Google 2016).
- [Usermind](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/usermind.md): AI customer journey orchestration for B2B revenue teams (acquired by Thunderhead).
- [Vaas](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/vaas.md): LatAm fintech automating structured-debt and credit-facility operations for lenders.
- [Valar Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/valar-labs.md): Computational pathology AI predicting cancer therapy response from H&E slides.
- [Valon](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/valon.md): Modern mortgage loan servicing platform; acquired by Carrington Holding in 2026.
- [Valora](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/valora.md): Mobile-first Celo wallet for borderless crypto payments and remittances.
- [Vals AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/vals-ai.md): Independent evaluation platform and private benchmarks that measure whether AI models can do real professional work.
- [Vanna Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/vanna-health.md): Value-based technology-enabled care for serious mental illness (schizophrenia, bipolar).
- [Vanta](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/vanta.md): Automated SOC 2, ISO 27001, and HIPAA compliance for startups and enterprises.
- [Vantage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/vantage.md): Cloud cost visibility and FinOps platform for engineering and finance teams.
- [VAST](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/vast.md): Generative 3D world-model platform (Tripo) for interactive environments, gaming, and design workflows.
- [Vedana Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/vedana-therapeutics.md): Biotech developing next-gen PACAP-targeting migraine prevention antibodies.
- [Veeda AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/veeda.md): Multimodal foundation world models that simulate physical reality for embodied agents.
- [VeeFriends](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/veefriends.md): NFT-native entertainment IP with 283 characters, games, media, and VeeCon experiences.
- [Ventrilo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ventrilo.md): AI application testing that simulates real human UI interaction for QA.
- [Ventus Therapeutics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/ventus-therapeutics.md): Structure-based drug discovery biotech targeting 'undruggable' proteins via ReSOLVE platform.
- [Vertical Aerospace](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/vertical-aerospace.md): A public evtol developer whose commitments require a runway and dilution reading.
- [Very Good Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/very-good-security.md): Data tokenization and secure custody platform for sensitive information.
- [Vesta](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/vesta.md): Cloud-native mortgage loan origination system (LOS) for banks and lenders.
- [Vêtir](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/vetir.md): AI luxury wardrobe OS for high-net-worth consumers — $5.5M Series A at $150M val.
- [VGS](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/vgs.md): Data security platform tokenizing sensitive data so companies never store raw PII or PAN.
- [Viggle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/viggle.md): Generative AI for controllable 3D character animation and video.
- [Viki](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/viki.md): Global streaming platform for Asian TV with fan-powered subtitles (acquired by Rakuten 2013).
- [Virch Merch](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/virch-merch.md): Live-event merch platform for pre-order, pickup, and delivery — skip the venue line.
- [Virtual Peaker](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/virtual-peaker.md): Distributed energy resource management software for utilities and energy providers.
- [Virtually Human Studio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/virtually-human-studio.md): Blockchain game studio behind Zed Run virtual horse racing on NFT rails.
- [Vitally](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/vitally.md): Customer success platform for B2B SaaS revenue retention and account health.
- [Voldex](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/voldex.md): Game studio acquiring and scaling top user-generated games on Roblox and Minecraft.
- [VoltServer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/voltserver.md): Digital Electricity® platform for safe high-voltage power distribution to buildings, venues, and networks.
- [Voomi Supply](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/voomi-supply.md): AI-native marketplace for HVAC and industrial parts distribution.
- [Vsimple](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/vsimple.md): Operational intelligence / workflow AI for mid-market manufacturers, distributors, and professional services.
- [Wabi AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wabi-ai.md): Social platform for creating and sharing mini apps via prompts — 'YouTube of apps'.
- [Wafer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wafer.md): Software platform that automates AI-model optimization across inference hardware.
- [Walker & Company Brands](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/walker-and-company-brands.md): Health and beauty brands for people of color — Bevel grooming (acquired by P&G 2018).
- [Warbler Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/warbler-labs-incorporated.md): Development company behind Goldfinch decentralized credit protocol for real-world lending.
- [Wave](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wave.md): Mobile money and payments platform for Africa (Wave Senegal and beyond).
- [Wavedash](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wavedash.md): Browser-first platform for high-end PC games — instant play via WebGPU/WebAssembly.
- [WaveForms AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/waveforms-ai.md): End-to-end native audio language models aiming to pass the speech Turing test.
- [Waymark](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/waymark.md): Community-based care platform extending primary care for Medicaid patients.
- [Waymo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/waymo.md): Alphabet-backed robotaxi platform operating autonomous ride-hail in US cities.
- [Wealthmore](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wealthmore.md): Digital wealth management app pairing expert advisors with AI for everyday investors.
- [Webflow](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/webflow.md): Visual web development platform for designers and marketing teams.
- [Westmag](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/westmag.md): American-made BLDC motors and actuators for drones and robotics — built in South San Francisco.
- [Whatnot](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/whatnot.md): Livestream shopping marketplace for collectibles, fashion, and niche goods.
- [WHOOP](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/whoop.md): Subscription wearable tracking recovery, strain, and sleep for athletes and wellness users.
- [Wingspan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wingspan.md): Embedded payroll and compliance platform for contractor management at scale.
- [Wise](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wise.md): International money transfers and multi-currency accounts (Wise plc, LSE: WISE).
- [Wispr](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wispr.md): Wispr Flow turns speech into formatted text across apps — a voice interface company expanding into meeting notes and its own speech model (Canto).
- [Wit.Al](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wit-al.md): Natural language API for voice and text interfaces (acquired by Facebook 2015).
- [Within](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/within.md): VR fitness and immersive content studio — Supernatural app (acquired by Meta 2023).
- [Wiz](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wiz.md): Cloud security platform for CNAPP — posture, workload, and cloud detection.
- [WM Technology (Weedmaps)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wm-technology.md): Cannabis marketplace and software platform (Weedmaps) for consumers and retailers.
- [Wonderful](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wonderful.md): Enterprise “AI OS” with forward-deployed engineers across 35+ markets — $550M Series C at a $5B press mark in September 2026.
- [Wonderschool](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wonderschool.md): Marketplace and OS for in-home preschools and childcare programs.
- [Wordsmith](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wordsmith.md): Legal operations platform that routes and resolves in-house legal requests with AI agents.
- [WorkBoard](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/workboard.md): Enterprise OKR and results management platform for strategic alignment.
- [World Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/world-labs.md): Spatial intelligence startup building large world models for 3D scene understanding (Fei-Fei Li).
- [World View](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/world-view.md): Stratospheric balloon platforms for Earth observation, communications, and research from near-space altitudes.
- [Worldcoin](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/worldcoin.md): Digital identity and cryptocurrency project — proof-of-personhood via World ID.
- [Wrapbook](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wrapbook.md): Payroll, insurance, and production accounting for film and entertainment crews.
- [Wrtn Technologies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/wrtn.md): Korean consumer AI services and entertainment platform (character chat Crack, US product OOC).
- [xAI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/xai.md): AI company behind Grok — models, X integration, and xAI API.
- [Xapien](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/xapien.md): AI-native due diligence that turns open-web and registry risk into sourced reports in minutes.
- [XBOW](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/xbow.md): Autonomous offensive security platform that continuously pentests applications with AI agents.
- [XBuild](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/xbuild.md): AI-native construction estimating and proposal platform for contractors and insurers.
- [XDOF](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/xdof.md): Robot teleoperation and egocentric-data vendor in late-stage Series B talks at about $1.2 billion — amount and close undisclosed.
- [XMTP](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/xmtp.md): Decentralized messaging protocol for web3 apps and wallets.
- [XMTP Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/xmtp-labs.md): Company building XMTP — decentralized messaging protocol for crypto wallets and apps.
- [XOi Technologies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/xoi-technologies.md): Data intelligence platform for field service — jobsite capture, equipment knowledge, and maintenance workflows.
- [Yardstik](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/yardstik.md): Human Trust Platform for continuous post-hire workforce screening, fraud prevention, and credential monitoring.
- [Yellow](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/yellow.md): Generative AI for 3D character creation and rigging (YellowSculpt).
- [Yield Guild Games](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/yield-guild-games.md): Play-to-earn gaming guild investing in NFT game assets across blockchain titles.
- [Yubico](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/yubico.md): Hardware security keys (YubiKey) for passwordless and two-factor authentication.
- [Yuga Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/yuga-labs.md): Web3 IP studio behind Bored Ape Yacht Club, CryptoPunks, and the Otherside metaverse.
- [Yuno](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/yuno.md): Global payments orchestration unifying gateways, fraud, and routing for merchants.
- [Yupp](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/yupp.md): Crypto-incentivized platform for evaluating and comparing AI models side-by-side.
- [Zapier](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zapier.md): No-code workflow automation connecting 7,000+ apps — now adding AI agents and copilots.
- [Zappos](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zappos.md): Online shoes and apparel retailer known for customer-service culture — Amazon subsidiary in downtown Las Vegas.
- [Zefchain](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zefchain.md): Layer-1 blockchain lab behind Linera microchain protocol (also Zefchain Labs Inc.).
- [Zeit AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zeit-ai.md): Autonomous data engineer for European mid-market firms — connects ERP/CRM, cleans tables, ships analytics apps.
- [Zencoder](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zencoder.md): Cloud video encoding API and open-source Video.js HTML5 player (acquired 2012).
- [Zenefits](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zenefits.md): SMB HR, benefits, and payroll SaaS — acquired by TriNet in 2022, now TriNet HR Plus.
- [Zenskar](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zenskar.md): AI-native billing and revenue automation for complex B2B pricing models.
- [ZeroMark](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zeromark.md): AI fire-control system turning infantry rifles into precision counter-drone weapons.
- [Zipline International](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zipline-international.md): Autonomous drone logistics for medical supplies and instant commercial delivery.
- [Zipline International](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zipline.md): Autonomous drone logistics for medical supplies and instant commercial delivery.
- [Zócalo Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zocalo-health.md): Community-based primary care for underserved populations.
- [Zulily](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zulily.md): Flash-sale ecommerce for moms and kids — shut down via ABC liquidation in Dec 2023.
- [Zuma](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zuma.md): AI sales engagement converting apartment rental leads via text messaging.
- [ZuriQ](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zuriq.md): A two-dimensional trapped-ion architecture intended to address quantum-computing scale.
- [Zus Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zus-health.md): Shared health data platform giving digital health builders a common patient record (ZAP).
- [Zylo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zylo.md): Enterprise SaaS management platform — find, manage, and reduce software spend and sprawl.
- [Zynga](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup/zynga.md): Social and mobile game publisher (FarmVille, Words With Friends) — acquired by Take-Two in 2022.

## Glossary (1001)

- [100-Day Plan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/100-day-plan.md): A 100-day plan is a structured post-close roadmap that sets priorities, milestones, and accountability for the first hundred days after an acquisition, investment, or leadership change.
- [1x Liquidation Preference](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/one-x-liquidation-preference.md): 1x liquidation preference means preferred shareholders get back an amount equal to their original investment before common shareholders receive anything in a exit or liquidation event.
- [409A Valuation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/409a.md): A 409A valuation is an independent appraisal of a private company's common stock fair market value, required for setting strike prices on stock options under U.S. tax rules.
- [506(b)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/rule-506b.md): Rule 506(b) is a U.S. private offering exemption that lets companies and funds raise capital from accredited investors and up to 35 sophisticated non-accredited investors without general advertising.
- [506(c)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/rule-506c.md): Rule 506(c) is a U.S. private offering exemption that allows general solicitation and advertising, but every purchaser must be verified as an accredited investor.
- [83(b) Election](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/83b-election.md): An 83(b) election is a tax filing that lets you pay income tax on restricted stock at grant based on today's value, instead of at vesting when the value may be much higher.
- [Acceleration (Double Trigger)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/double-trigger-acceleration.md): Double-trigger acceleration means unvested equity vests only when two conditions occur—typically a change of control plus a qualifying termination such as being fired without cause.
- [Acceleration (Single Trigger)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/single-trigger-acceleration.md): Single-trigger acceleration means some or all unvested equity vests immediately when one event occurs—usually a change of control such as an acquisition—without requiring a second event like job loss.
- [Accelerator](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/accelerator.md): An accelerator is an organization that runs time-boxed programs—often three months—to help early startups with mentorship, curriculum, network access, and sometimes seed investment in exchange for equity.
- [Accelerator Program](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/accelerator-program.md): An accelerator program is the structured curriculum, schedule, and support package a accelerator delivers to a cohort—office hours, workshops, mentor matching, and investor events over a fixed term.
- [Accounts Receivable](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/accounts-receivable.md): Accounts receivable (AR) is money customers owe your company for goods or services already delivered but not yet paid—recorded as an asset on the balance sheet until cash arrives.
- [Accredited Investor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/accredited-investor.md): An accredited investor is an individual or entity that meets SEC financial thresholds—such as income or net worth tests—and may participate in many private securities offerings with fewer disclosure requirements.
- [Acqui-hire](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/acqui-hire.md): An acqui-hire is an acquisition motivated mainly by hiring the target company's team—the product may be shut down or sidelined while key talent joins the buyer.
- [Acqui-hire Soft Landing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/acqui-hire-soft-landing.md): An acqui-hire soft landing is a structured talent acquisition that lets a struggling startup wind down gracefully—team joins a buyer, investors may recoup partial capital, and founders avoid a hard shutdown.
- [Acquisition](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/acquisition.md): An acquisition is one company buying another—through a stock purchase, asset purchase, or merger—to gain products, customers, talent, or strategic position.
- [Activation Rate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/activation-rate.md): Activation rate measures the share of new users or accounts that reach a defined 'aha moment'—such as completing setup or delivering first value—within a set time window.
- [Activist Investor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/activist-investor.md): An activist investor buys a meaningful stake in a public—or sometimes private—company and pushes management to change strategy, capital allocation, board composition, or sell the business.
- [ACV](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/acv.md): ACV (annual contract value) is the normalized yearly revenue from a single customer contract, excluding one-time fees—used especially in B2B SaaS to compare deal sizes apples-to-apples.
- [ACV Expansion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/acv-expansion.md): ACV expansion is growth in annual contract value from existing customers through upsells, cross-sells, seat adds, or price increases—without counting new logos.
- [Add-On Acquisition](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/add-on-acquisition.md): An add-on acquisition is when a private equity platform company or strategic buyer acquires a smaller business to bolt onto an existing operation—buying scale, geography, or capabilities.
- [Additionality](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/additionality.md): Additionality asks whether capital or intervention caused an outcome that would not have happened otherwise—in impact investing, climate finance, and sometimes government-backed fund programs.
- [Adjusted EBITDA](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/adjusted-ebitda.md): Adjusted EBITDA is earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, plus non-recurring or non-cash items removed to show a cleaner view of ongoing operating performance.
- [Admission of LP](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/admission-of-lp.md): Admission of LP is the legal process by which a new limited partner is formally added to a fund partnership—signing the subscription agreement and being accepted by the GP per the LPA.
- [Advance Market Commitment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/advance-market-commitment.md): An advance market commitment (AMC) is a binding promise—often from governments or philanthropies—to purchase a product at a set price once it meets predefined specs, de-risking R&D for suppliers.
- [Advisor Shares](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/advisor-shares.md): Advisor shares are equity grants—usually common stock or options—given to advisors in exchange for ongoing strategic help, intros, and domain expertise on a vesting schedule.
- [Advisor Vesting](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/advisor-vesting.md): Advisor vesting is the schedule by which an advisor earns equity over time or milestones—if they stop contributing, unvested shares or options are forfeited.
- [Advisory Board](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/advisory-board.md): An advisory board is a group of external experts who counsel founders on strategy, introductions, and domain questions—without the fiduciary duties or legal authority of the formal board of directors.
- [Affiliate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/affiliate.md): An affiliate is an entity related to another through common ownership or control—used in fund docs, regulatory filings, and conflict rules to group parties that act together.
- [Affirmative Covenants](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/affirmative-covenants.md): Affirmative covenants are contractual promises to do something—maintain insurance, file financial statements, pay taxes—required in loan agreements, venture debt, and some preferred stock terms.
- [Aggregator Vehicle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/aggregator-vehicle.md): An aggregator vehicle is a special-purpose fund or LLC that pools many small checks into one line on the cap table—common in syndicates, rolling funds, and SPV-led rounds.
- [Airdrop](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/airdrop.md): An airdrop is a distribution of free tokens or crypto assets to wallet addresses—often used to bootstrap users, reward early adopters, or decentralize governance of a protocol.
- [All-In Yield](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/all-in-yield.md): All-in yield is the total effective return on a debt or cash investment after accounting for stated interest plus fees, discounts, and amortization—expressed as an annualized rate.
- [Alpha](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/alpha.md): Alpha is investment return above what a benchmark or risk model predicts—outperformance attributed to skill, selection, or strategy rather than general market movement.
- [Alphabet Shares](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/alphabet-shares.md): Alphabet shares are different classes of stock labeled A, B, C, etc.—each with distinct voting rights, dividend rights, or economic terms within the same company.
- [Alternative Investment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/alternative-investment.md): Alternative investments are assets outside traditional public stocks and bonds— including venture capital, private equity, real estate, hedge funds, and private credit.
- [Alternative Investment Vehicle (AIV)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/alternative-investment-vehicle-aiv.md): An alternative investment vehicle (AIV) is a parallel legal entity a fund uses to hold specific investments—often for tax, regulatory, or investor-count reasons—while staying tied to the main fund partnership.
- [Amendment and Waiver](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/amendment-and-waiver.md): An amendment and waiver is a formal legal change or one-time forgiveness of rights under a contract—common in fund LPAs, loan agreements, and preferred stock to adjust terms without rewriting the entire document.
- [AML](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/aml.md): AML (anti-money laundering) is the set of laws, policies, and procedures that require financial institutions and many fund administrators to verify customer identity and monitor transactions for illicit activity.
- [Amortization](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/amortization.md): Amortization is the gradual paydown of debt principal over time through scheduled payments—or, in accounting, the spread of an intangible asset's cost over its useful life.
- [Anchor LP](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/anchor-lp.md): An anchor LP is a large, credible limited partner whose early commitment helps a GP launch a fund—signaling quality to other allocators and sometimes negotiating preferential terms.
- [Angel Investor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/angel-investor.md): An angel investor is an individual—often a successful founder or executive—who invests personal capital in very early startups, usually before institutional venture funds lead rounds.
- [Angel Syndicate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/angel-syndicate.md): An angel syndicate pools capital from many individual investors behind a lead who sources deals, negotiates terms, and administers the investment through an SPV or LLC.
- [AngelList Rolling Fund LP](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/angellist-rolling-fund-lp.md): An AngelList Rolling Fund LP is a quarterly subscription venture fund structure on AngelList that lets GPs raise capital continuously from LPs while investing on a subscription-cycle basis.
- [Annex Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/annex-fund.md): An annex fund is a separate pool of capital raised alongside a main fund to hold specific investments, follow-ons, or overflow deals that do not fit the primary fund's constraints.
- [Annual Budget](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/annual-budget.md): An annual budget is a forward-looking plan that maps expected revenue, expenses, headcount, and capital spending for a fiscal year—used by boards and investors to align on runway and priorities.
- [Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/arr.md): Annual recurring revenue (ARR) is the normalized yearly value of recurring subscription contracts—core revenue run rate investors use to size SaaS businesses.
- [Anti-Dilution](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/anti-dilution.md): Anti-dilution protection adjusts an investor's conversion price if the company issues shares later at a lower price—protecting early preferred holders from down-round dilution beyond normal ownership math.
- [Anti-Trust Filing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/anti-trust-filing.md): An anti-trust filing is a regulatory notification—such as Hart-Scott-Rodino (HSR) in the U.S.—required before large mergers close, giving government agencies time to review competition effects.
- [API Economy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/api-economy.md): The API economy describes businesses built by exposing software capabilities through APIs—letting other products integrate, embed, or extend functionality rather than rebuilding from scratch.
- [ARR Bridge](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/arr-bridge.md): An ARR bridge is a reconciliation walk from opening to closing annual recurring revenue in a period—showing how new sales, expansion, churn, and downgrades net to net ARR change.
- [ARR vs MRR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/arr-vs-mrr.md): MRR (monthly recurring revenue) is subscription revenue normalized to one month; ARR (annual recurring revenue) is that same run-rate expressed over twelve months. Investors use both to compare SaaS companies on a recurring-revenue basis.
- [As-Converted](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/as-converted.md): As-converted ownership shows what each shareholder would own if all convertible instruments — SAFEs, notes, and preferred stock — converted into common stock at the terms in the cap table. It is the fully diluted picture investors use before a priced round closes.
- [ASA (Advance Subscription Agreement)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/asa-advance-subscription-agreement.md): An ASA is a UK-style investment contract where an investor pays cash now and receives shares later, typically at the company's next qualifying funding round, often with a discount or valuation cap. It is structurally similar to a SAFE but governed by UK company law.
- [ASC 820](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/asc-820.md): ASC 820 is the US accounting standard that defines fair value measurement — how companies and funds mark investments and financial instruments to market when reporting under GAAP. Venture funds use it to value portfolio holdings on quarterly financial statements.
- [Asset Allocation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/asset-allocation.md): Asset allocation is how an investor divides capital across asset classes — public equities, bonds, real estate, private equity, venture capital, and cash — to match return goals, liquidity needs, and risk tolerance. LPs set allocation targets that determine how much flows into VC funds each year.
- [Asset Deal](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/asset-deal.md): An asset deal is a transaction where a buyer purchases specific assets and liabilities of a company — product, IP, customer contracts, equipment — rather than buying the company's stock. The legal entity often remains with the seller, who may wind down or retain other obligations.
- [Asset Sale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/asset-sale.md): An asset sale is the disposition of a company's assets — tangible or intangible — to a buyer, as opposed to selling shares in the company. In venture contexts it often means selling product lines, IP, or the operating business while the corporate entity winds down or redeploys cash to shareholders.
- [Asset-Based Lending](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/asset-based-lending.md): Asset-based lending (ABL) is financing secured by a company's assets — receivables, inventory, equipment, or sometimes intellectual property — rather than by cash flow alone. Lenders advance a percentage of eligible asset value and monitor collateral as balances change.
- [Asset-Centric Biotech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/asset-centric-biotech.md): Asset-centric biotech is a company built around one or a few therapeutic programs — often a single drug candidate — rather than a broad discovery platform. Investors underwrite clinical milestones, partnership options, and exit paths tied to those specific assets.
- [Assignment for Benefit of Creditors (ABC)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/assignment-for-benefit-of-creditors-abc.md): An ABC is a state-law wind-down where an insolvent company voluntarily transfers its assets to an independent assignee who liquidates them and distributes proceeds to creditors. It is an alternative to formal bankruptcy that can be faster and less public for some startups.
- [Assignment of IP](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/assignment-of-ip.md): An assignment of IP is a legal transfer of ownership of intellectual property — patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets — from one party to another. Startups must assign founder and contractor IP into the company before investors will fund.
- [ATM Offering](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/atm-offering.md): An ATM (at-the-market) offering lets a public company sell new shares gradually through brokers at prevailing market prices, rather than in a single overnight follow-on. It is a flexible way to raise equity capital when the window is open.
- [Auction Process](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/auction-process.md): An auction process is a structured sale where the seller runs parallel diligence with multiple bidders, sets deadlines, and seeks competitive bids to maximize price and terms. In venture exits, auctions often follow inbound interest or banker-led outreach to strategic and financial buyers.
- [AUM](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/aum.md): AUM (assets under management) is the total market value of capital a fund or investment firm oversees on behalf of clients. For VC firms, headline AUM includes deployed portfolio value plus uncalled commitments depending on how the firm reports.
- [Authorized Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/authorized-capital.md): Authorized capital is the maximum amount of share capital a company is legally permitted to issue under its charter or articles of incorporation. It sets an upper bound; issued shares are what founders and investors actually own today.
- [Authorized Shares](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/authorized-shares.md): Authorized shares are the maximum number of shares a corporation may issue under its charter. Founders, employees, and investors hold only issued shares; the gap between authorized and issued is headroom for future rounds and option grants.
- [Average Contract Value](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/average-contract-value.md): Average contract value (ACV) is the typical annual revenue per customer contract, often used in B2B SaaS and enterprise sales. It helps investors compare sales motion efficiency, CAC payback, and market segment focus.
- [B Corp](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/b-corp.md): A B Corp is a company certified by B Lab for meeting verified standards of social and environmental performance, accountability, and transparency. Certification is separate from legal benefit-corporation status but often paired with it.
- [Backer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/backer.md): A backer is anyone who provides financial or strategic support to a venture — angels, VC firms, family offices, or crowdfunding participants. The term is informal but common in founder pitch language and community fundraising.
- [Bad Leaver](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/bad-leaver.md): A bad leaver is a departing shareholder — usually a founder or employee — who leaves under circumstances defined in the shareholders' agreement as forfeiting favorable vesting or buyback terms, such as termination for cause, breach, or joining a competitor.
- [Bar Raiser](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/bar-raiser.md): A bar raiser is an experienced interviewer or partner — often at a large tech company or VC firm — who has veto authority over hires or deals to keep quality standards consistent. The term originated at Amazon and spread to hiring and investing culture.
- [Barbell Strategy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/barbell-strategy.md): A barbell strategy allocates capital to two extremes — very safe assets and high-risk bets — while avoiding the middle. In venture portfolios, LPs and family offices sometimes barbell public index exposure with a small VC sleeve rather than loading moderate-risk alternatives.
- [Base Hit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/base-hit.md): A base hit is venture slang for a modest but successful exit — roughly 1–3× fund return on a single investment — that returns capital and some profit without being a home-run outlier. Funds need base hits to offset losses and fund fees.
- [Base Rate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/base-rate.md): Base rate is the underlying historical frequency of an outcome in a reference class — for example, what share of seed startups reach Series A — used to anchor forecasts instead of relying on best-case stories alone.
- [Beachhead](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/beachhead.md): A beachhead is the first narrow market segment a startup targets to establish a foothold before expanding to adjacent customers or use cases. The term comes from military strategy — secure a small position, then widen.
- [Beachhead Market](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/beachhead-market.md): A beachhead market is the specific initial market segment — defined by customer type, geography, or use case — where a startup focuses to gain traction before expanding. It is the commercial territory corresponding to beachhead strategy.
- [Benchmark](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/benchmark.md): In venture capital, Benchmark most often refers to Benchmark Capital, a prominent early-stage VC firm — or, in general usage, a standard for comparing performance, valuation, or operating metrics against peers.
- [Berkus Method](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/berkus-method.md): The Berkus Method is a pre-revenue startup valuation framework that assigns dollar value to five risk categories — sound idea, prototype, quality team, strategic relationships, and product rollout — capping early-stage valuation around a few million dollars.
- [Beta](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/beta.md): Beta can mean a pre-release product stage where real users test incomplete software — or, in finance, a measure of how volatile a stock moves relative to the market. Venture conversations use the product meaning most often.
- [Bilateral Process](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/bilateral-process.md): A bilateral process is an M&A or financing negotiation between one buyer and one seller without a competitive auction. The parties exchange terms directly, often after inbound interest or a pre-existing relationship.
- [Billings](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/billings.md): Billings are the total amount invoiced to customers in a period, including one-time fees and multi-year contracts, regardless of when revenue is recognized. Billings can exceed recognized revenue when cash is collected upfront for future service.
- [Blended Finance](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/blended-finance.md): Blended finance combines commercial capital with concessional or public funding to improve risk-return profiles for projects with social or environmental impact. Development finance institutions and foundations often provide first-loss or subsidized tranches to catalyze private investment.
- [Blind Pool](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/blind-pool.md): A blind pool is an investment fund raised before specific assets are identified — LPs commit capital trusting the GP to select investments later within mandate constraints. Most venture capital funds are blind pools by design.
- [Blocker Corporation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/blocker-corporation.md): A blocker corporation is an interposed C-corporation used in fund structures — often by tax-exempt LPs — to block unrelated business taxable income from flowing through from operating partnerships. It converts pass-through income into corporate dividends eligible for portfolio exemption rules.
- [Blocking Rights](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/blocking-rights.md): Blocking rights are contractual veto powers that let certain shareholders or directors stop specific corporate actions — major financings, sales, charter changes — unless they consent. Preferred investors often negotiate blocking rights on matters that could harm their position.
- [Blue Ocean](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/blue-ocean.md): Blue ocean strategy pursues uncontested market space where competition is irrelevant because the offering creates new demand. It contrasts with red ocean markets where rivals fight over existing customers in crowded categories.
- [Board Consent](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/board-consent.md): Board consent is formal approval by the board of directors — usually documented in a written consent or meeting minutes — authorizing corporate actions such as financings, option grants, or major contracts.
- [Board Deck](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/board-deck.md): A board deck is the slide presentation a CEO prepares for board meetings — covering performance, strategy, risks, and decisions needed. It is the primary narrative document directors review before and during quarterly sessions.
- [Board Observer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/board-observer.md): A board observer may attend board meetings and receive materials but typically cannot vote on resolutions. Lead investors often take observer rights when a full board seat is deferred or unavailable.
- [Board of Directors](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/board-of-directors.md): The board of directors is the governing body elected by shareholders to oversee management, approve major decisions, and represent owner interests. In venture-backed startups, the board typically includes founders, investor directors, and sometimes independents.
- [Board Pack](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/board-pack.md): A board pack is the full set of materials directors receive before a board meeting — financials, metrics, legal updates, and the board deck. It is the documentary basis for informed director decisions.
- [Board Seat](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/board-seat.md): A board seat is the right to appoint a representative as a voting director on the company's board of directors, usually negotiated in venture term sheets in exchange for a lead investment.
- [Bolt-On Acquisition](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/bolt-on-acquisition.md): A bolt-on acquisition is a smaller company bought to add to an existing platform business — tucking in product, customers, or geography to accelerate growth. Private equity and strategic buyers use bolt-ons to build scale without starting from scratch.
- [Bookings](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/bookings.md): Bookings are the total value of customer contracts signed in a period, representing committed business regardless of billing or revenue recognition timing. SaaS companies track bookings to measure sales momentum.
- [Bookrunner](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/bookrunner.md): A bookrunner is the lead investment bank managing a securities offering — building the order book, setting price, and allocating shares to investors. In IPOs and large follow-ons, bookrunners coordinate syndicate banks and due diligence.
- [Bootstrapping](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/bootstrapping.md): Bootstrapping means building and funding a company primarily from operating revenue, founder savings, or non-dilutive sources rather than institutional venture capital. Founders retain more ownership but grow slower without external risk capital.
- [Bottom-Up TAM](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/bottom-up-tam.md): Bottom-up TAM (total addressable market) estimates market size by building from unit economics — number of target customers times realistic price times penetration — rather than citing a top-down industry report percentage.
- [Brand Marketing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/brand-marketing.md): Brand marketing builds long-term awareness, trust, and preference for a company — distinct from performance marketing optimized for immediate leads and conversions. Startups use brand marketing to define category narrative and employer reputation.
- [Break-Even Ownership](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/break-even-ownership.md): Break-even ownership is the stake a venture fund must retain — after follow-on investments and dilution — for a given exit price to return the fund's invested capital on that deal. It helps GPs decide whether to pro rata or accept dilution.
- [Break-Up Fee](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/break-up-fee.md): A break-up fee is a contractual payment owed if one party terminates an M&A agreement under specified conditions — often when the seller accepts a superior offer after signing exclusivity with a first buyer.
- [Bridge Loan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/bridge-loan.md): A bridge loan is short-term financing that covers a gap until longer-term funding arrives — usually until a priced equity round closes, an acquisition completes, or permanent debt is arranged.
- [Bridge Note](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/bridge-note.md): A bridge note is a convertible debt instrument — usually a promissory note — that gives a startup quick cash now and converts into equity when a qualifying financing round closes.
- [Bridge Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/bridge-round.md): A bridge round is interim financing — usually convertible debt or an insider-led equity extension — raised between major priced rounds to extend runway until the company hits milestones or market conditions improve.
- [Bridge to Nowhere](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/bridge-to-nowhere.md): A bridge to nowhere is interim financing that extends runway without a realistic plan to reach the next milestone, priced round, or exit — often delaying an inevitable restructuring or shutdown.
- [Brownfield](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/brownfield.md): In investing and infrastructure, brownfield refers to assets or sites with prior development or contamination that require cleanup, retrofit, or integration — as opposed to greenfield projects built on untouched land.
- [Budget Approval Rights](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/budget-approval-rights.md): Budget approval rights give certain investors or board members veto or consent power over a company's annual or quarterly operating budget — or spending above defined thresholds.
- [Bullet Maturity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/bullet-maturity.md): Bullet maturity means a loan or bond repays the entire principal in one lump sum at the end of the term, with interest paid periodically along the way — rather than amortizing principal over time.
- [Burn Multiple](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/burn-multiple.md): Burn multiple measures how much net cash a company spends to generate each dollar of net new ARR — calculated as net burn divided by net new annual recurring revenue over the same period.
- [Burn Rate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/burn-rate.md): Burn rate is how fast a company spends cash — usually measured as net cash outflow per month after revenue, showing how long existing cash will last at current spending.
- [Burned Options](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/burned-options.md): Burned options are equity grants that expired worthless or were forfeited unexercised — typically because the employee left before vesting, did not exercise in time, or the strike price stayed above the share value.
- [Burnout Hiring](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/burnout-hiring.md): Burnout hiring is when a startup hires aggressively to hit growth targets or replace departing talent without fixing workload, process, or culture — often accelerating turnover and inefficiency.
- [Business Development Company (BDC)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/business-development-company-bdc.md): A Business Development Company (BDC) is a publicly traded or registered investment company that provides capital to small and mid-sized businesses, often in private credit, mezzanine, or equity co-investments — regulated under U.S. law.
- [Buy-and-Build](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/buy-and-build.md): Buy-and-build is a private equity strategy where a firm acquires a platform company, then rolls up smaller add-on acquisitions to expand geography, products, or customer base — aiming to sell a larger combined business later.
- [Buyout](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/buyout.md): A buyout is an acquisition where an investor group — usually a private equity firm — purchases a controlling stake in a company, often using a mix of equity and debt, with the goal of improving operations and selling later.
- [Buyout Firm](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/buyout-firm.md): A buyout firm is a private equity manager that specializes in acquiring controlling stakes in established companies — using equity and debt — rather than funding early-stage venture bets.
- [Bylaws](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/bylaws.md): Bylaws are internal rules that govern how a corporation runs day-to-day — covering board meetings, officer roles, stock issuance procedures, and shareholder voting mechanics.
- [CAC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cac.md): CAC (customer acquisition cost) is the average sales and marketing spend required to win one new paying customer — typically calculated over a period by dividing those costs by new customers acquired.
- [CAC Payback](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cac-payback.md): CAC payback is the number of months it takes for gross profit from a new customer to equal the customer acquisition cost — measuring how quickly sales and marketing spend pays for itself.
- [Call Protection](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/call-protection.md): Call protection is a bond or loan covenant that prevents the borrower from redeeming or prepaying debt early for a set period — or requires the lender to receive a premium if prepayment occurs.
- [Called Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/called-capital.md): Called capital is the portion of a limited partner's committed fund investment that the general partner has actually requested via capital call — and that the LP has wired to the fund.
- [Canceled Options](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/canceled-options.md): Canceled options are equity grants removed from an employee's account — usually unvested shares forfeited on departure, grants revoked for cause, or awards terminated in a repricing or pool rebalancing.
- [Cap on Liability](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cap-on-liability.md): A cap on liability limits how much one party — often founders or sellers — can owe in damages under a contract, usually to a fixed dollar amount or a fraction of deal value.
- [Cap Table](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cap-table.md): A cap table (capitalization table) is the record of who owns equity in a company — shares, options, warrants, and convertible instruments — and how ownership percentages change after each financing.
- [Cap Table Cleanup](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cap-table-cleanup.md): Cap table cleanup is the process of fixing historical equity records — consolidating duplicate entries, converting old instruments, clearing inactive shareholders, and aligning legal records before a major financing or exit.
- [Cap Table Hygiene](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cap-table-hygiene.md): Cap table hygiene is the ongoing discipline of keeping equity records accurate, timely, and audit-ready — granting with proper approvals, updating ledgers after each event, and reconciling models with legal files.
- [Cap Table Risk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cap-table-risk.md): Cap table risk is the chance that equity structure problems — unclear ownership, toxic terms, excessive dilution, or legal defects — will block financing, depress valuation, or reduce founder and employee proceeds at exit.
- [Cap Table Scenario](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cap-table-scenario.md): A cap table scenario is a modeled view of future ownership and proceeds after a hypothetical event — such as a new financing round, option pool increase, or exit at a given price.
- [Capex](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/capex.md): Capex (capital expenditure) is money spent to acquire or upgrade long-lived physical or infrastructure assets — recorded on the balance sheet and depreciated over time, rather than expensed immediately as opex.
- [Capex Heavy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/capex-heavy.md): Capex heavy describes a business model that requires large upfront or ongoing capital expenditures on physical assets, infrastructure, or equipment to operate and grow — rather than scaling mainly with people and software.
- [Capital Call](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/capital-call.md): A capital call is a formal notice from a fund GP to LPs to wire a portion of their committed capital — for investments, management fees, fund expenses, or follow-on reserves.
- [Capital Call Facility](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/capital-call-facility.md): A capital call facility is a credit line secured by LPs' uncalled commitments, letting a fund close investments quickly before issuing capital calls — the GP draws on the facility and later calls LPs to repay it.
- [Capital Call Notice](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/capital-call-notice.md): A capital call notice is the formal document a GP sends to each LP specifying how much to wire, by when, and for what purpose — triggering the LP's obligation to fund part of their commitment.
- [Capital Overhang](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/capital-overhang.md): Capital overhang is the amount of committed but undeployed private capital in a market or strategy — money funds could still invest — often discussed as pressure or opportunity depending on deployment pace.
- [Carbon Credit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/carbon-credit.md): A carbon credit is a tradable certificate representing one metric ton of carbon dioxide (or equivalent greenhouse gas) removed from or not emitted into the atmosphere — used in voluntary or compliance markets to offset emissions.
- [Carried Interest](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/carried-interest.md): Carried interest (carry) is the GP's share of fund profits — typically around 20% above a preferred return hurdle — aligning sponsor compensation with successful exits and distributions to LPs.
- [Carried Interest Tax](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/carried-interest-tax.md): Carried interest tax refers to how a GP's profit share is taxed — historically often as long-term capital gains if holding-period rules are met — subject to legislative changes that treat some carry as ordinary income.
- [Carve-Out](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/carve-out.md): A carve-out is when a parent company separates a division or subsidiary into a standalone business — often sold to PE or taken public — while the parent retains or exits its stake over time.
- [Carve-Out TSA](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/carve-out-tsa.md): A carve-out TSA (transitional services agreement) is a contract where the parent company continues providing shared services — IT, finance, HR, logistics — to a newly separated business for a limited period after a carve-out closes.
- [Cash Balance](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cash-balance.md): Cash balance is the amount of money a company holds in bank and liquid accounts at a point in time — the starting point for runway calculations alongside burn rate.
- [Cash Flow](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cash-flow.md): Cash flow is the net movement of money into and out of a business over a period — distinct from accounting profit because timing of receipts and payments differs from revenue recognition.
- [Cash Sweep](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cash-sweep.md): A cash sweep is a covenant requiring a borrower to use excess cash — above a agreed minimum balance or cap — to prepay debt automatically, reducing principal before scheduled maturity.
- [Cash-Free Debt-Free](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cash-free-debt-free.md): Cash-free debt-free (CFDF) is an M&A pricing convention where the purchase price assumes the company delivers no excess cash and no debt at close — with adjustments after closing for actual balances.
- [Catalytic Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/catalytic-capital.md): Catalytic capital is patient, risk-tolerant investment designed to mobilize additional mainstream funding — accepting lower returns or higher risk so projects that would not otherwise get financed can reach scale.
- [Catch-Up](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/catch-up.md): Catch-up is a waterfall provision that allocates profits to the GP after the preferred return hurdle until the GP reaches its agreed carried interest percentage — typically 20% — of total profits above the hurdle.
- [Category Creation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/category-creation.md): Category creation is the go-to-market strategy of defining and owning a new product category in buyers' minds — pairing product innovation with education, analyst relations, and messaging so the company becomes the default choice.
- [Category King](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/category-king.md): A category king is the dominant company in a market category — often capturing a disproportionate share of growth and economics because buyers, partners, and talent treat it as the default standard.
- [CDD (Commercial Due Diligence)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cdd-commercial-due-diligence.md): Commercial due diligence (CDD) is third-party research on a target company's market, customers, and competitive position — validating revenue quality and growth assumptions before an investor or acquirer closes a deal.
- [Certificate of Incorporation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/certificate-of-incorporation.md): A certificate of incorporation (charter) is the founding legal document filed with a state that creates a corporation — defining authorized shares, classes, and core rights that downstream financing documents must respect.
- [Change of Control](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/change-of-control.md): Change of control is a transaction or event that shifts majority voting power or ownership of a company — such as a merger, acquisition, or sale of most assets — often triggering contractual rights for investors and employees.
- [Channel Partner](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/channel-partner.md): A channel partner is a third-party company that sells, implements, or distributes your product to end customers — extending reach without hiring every salesperson yourself.
- [Chapter 11](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/chapter-11.md): Chapter 11 is a U.S. bankruptcy process that lets a company reorganize under court supervision while continuing operations, rather than liquidating immediately.
- [Chapter 7](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/chapter-7.md): Chapter 7 is a U.S. bankruptcy liquidation where a court-appointed trustee sells a company's assets and distributes proceeds to creditors, typically ending the business.
- [Charter](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/charter.md): A charter is the founding legal document of a corporation—often called the certificate of incorporation—that defines the company's basic structure, share classes, and core governance rules.
- [Churn Cohort](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/churn-cohort.md): A churn cohort is a group of customers who started in the same period—such as a signup month—and are tracked together to see how many cancel or stop paying over time.
- [Churn Rate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/churn-rate.md): Churn rate is the share of customers or revenue that a business loses in a period, usually expressed as a percentage of the starting base.
- [Clawback](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/clawback.md): A clawback is a contractual provision that lets LPs recover previously paid carry or fees from the GP when early distributions exceed what the fund ultimately earns.
- [Cliff Unlock](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cliff-unlock.md): Cliff unlock is the moment when previously unvested equity first becomes vested—typically after a cliff period—making those shares or options available to the holder.
- [Cliff Vesting](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cliff-vesting.md): Cliff vesting is a vesting schedule where no equity vests until a set period passes, then a block vests at once before regular incremental vesting continues.
- [Closed Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/closed-fund.md): A closed fund is a venture or private equity fund that has finished fundraising and is no longer accepting new limited partner commitments.
- [Closed-Won](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/closed-won.md): Closed-won is a sales stage label meaning a deal is fully signed and revenue is expected— the customer has committed, not merely expressed interest.
- [Closing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/closing.md): Closing is the final step of a financing or M&A transaction when signed documents take legal effect, funds wire, and ownership or control transfers.
- [Closing Agreement](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/closing-agreement.md): A closing agreement is the set of definitive documents executed at closing—such as the stock purchase agreement and ancillary certificates—that finalize a financing or acquisition.
- [Co-Invest Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/co-invest-fund.md): A co-invest fund is a pooled vehicle—often LP-backed—that invests alongside a lead GP in specific deals, giving investors access to single-name exposure without joining the main fund.
- [Co-Investment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/co-investment.md): Co-investment is when an LP or third party invests directly in a specific deal alongside a GP's fund, usually on the same terms and without paying full fund fees on that slice.
- [Cohort Analysis](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cohort-analysis.md): Cohort analysis groups users or customers by a shared start event—such as signup month—and tracks their behavior over time to reveal trends hidden in aggregate metrics.
- [Cohort Retention](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cohort-retention.md): Cohort retention is the percentage of a customer or user group that remains active or paying after a given number of periods from a shared start date.
- [Cold Outreach](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cold-outreach.md): Cold outreach is contacting investors, customers, or partners who have no prior relationship with you, usually via email, LinkedIn, or intro requests.
- [Commercial Excellence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/commercial-excellence.md): Commercial excellence is the disciplined execution of go-to-market functions—pricing, sales, marketing, and customer success—aimed at repeatable revenue growth and efficient unit economics.
- [Commitment Fee](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/commitment-fee.md): A commitment fee is a charge paid to a lender or fund for reserving capital—compensating them for keeping funds available whether or not you draw them immediately.
- [Committed Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/committed-capital.md): Committed capital is the total amount limited partners have legally pledged to a fund, callable by the GP subject to the partnership agreement.
- [Common on As-Converted](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/common-on-as-converted.md): Common on as-converted is a cap-table comparison that treats all preferred shares as if they converted to common, showing fully diluted ownership on a single-class basis.
- [Common Stock](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/common-stock.md): Common stock is the basic equity class in a corporation, typically held by founders and employees, with voting rights and last claim on assets after debt and preferred stock.
- [Company Builder](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/company-builder.md): A company builder—often called a startup studio or venture builder—is an organization that repeatedly creates startups in-house, supplying ideas, capital, and shared services before spinning companies out.
- [Comparable Company Analysis](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/comparable-company-analysis.md): Comparable company analysis values a business by referencing trading or transaction multiples of similar public or private companies—often revenue, EBITDA, or other metrics.
- [Competitive Risk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/competitive-risk.md): Competitive risk is the chance that rivals—incumbents, startups, or substitutes—reduce your growth, margins, or survival by winning customers, talent, or technology leads.
- [Completion Accounts](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/completion-accounts.md): Completion accounts are post-closing financial statements used in M&A to calculate final purchase price adjustments based on actual net debt, working capital, and other agreed metrics at close.
- [Completion Accounts (UK)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/completion-accounts-uk.md): Completion accounts in UK M&A are closing financial statements prepared under the sale contract to adjust headline price for actual cash, debt, and working capital at completion.
- [Compliance Calendar](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/compliance-calendar.md): A compliance calendar is a schedule of recurring legal, tax, and regulatory filings and deadlines a company must meet to stay in good standing.
- [Concentration Limit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/concentration-limit.md): A concentration limit is a cap in a fund's partnership agreement on how much capital can be invested in a single company, sector, or related group of assets.
- [Concentration Risk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/concentration-risk.md): Concentration risk is the exposure created when too much capital, revenue, or portfolio value depends on a single asset, customer, sector, or geography.
- [Concessionary Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/concessionary-capital.md): Concessionary capital is investment money that accepts below-market financial returns to pursue social, environmental, or mission outcomes alongside—or instead of—profit maximization.
- [Condition Precedent](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/condition-precedent.md): A condition precedent is a requirement that must be satisfied before a contract obligation kicks in—such as closing a financing only after regulatory approval or charter amendment.
- [Conditions Precedent](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/conditions-precedent.md): Conditions precedent are the collective requirements—all of which must be met or waived—before parties are legally required to complete a financing, acquisition, or similar transaction.
- [Confidential Information Memorandum (CIM)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/confidential-information-memorandum-cim.md): A confidential information memorandum (CIM) is a detailed marketing document sellers prepare in M&A or growth financings to present the business to qualified buyers under NDA.
- [Conflict of Interest](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/conflict-of-interest.md): A conflict of interest arises when a person or firm has competing loyalties or financial incentives that could compromise fair judgment—common in VC when multiple portfolio companies overlap or GPs allocate co-invest.
- [Consideration Shares](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/consideration-shares.md): Consideration shares are equity issued to sellers as part of payment in a stock-for-stock acquisition or merger, rather than cash.
- [Consumption Pricing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/consumption-pricing.md): Consumption pricing charges customers based on usage—such as API calls, compute minutes, or transactions—rather than flat seat-based subscriptions alone.
- [Continuation Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/continuation-fund.md): A continuation fund is a new investment vehicle that buys and holds selected assets from an existing fund, giving LPs liquidity choice while the GP continues managing those companies.
- [Continuation Vehicle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/continuation-vehicle.md): A continuation vehicle is the new fund or SPV structure that holds assets rolled over from an existing fund in a GP-led secondary transaction.
- [Contract Asset](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/contract-asset.md): A contract asset is revenue recognized under accounting rules before the right to invoice exists—common when performance obligations are satisfied ahead of billing milestones.
- [Contribution Margin](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/contribution-margin.md): Contribution margin is revenue minus variable costs directly tied to delivering a product or service, showing how much each dollar of sales contributes to covering fixed costs and profit.
- [Contribution Profit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/contribution-profit.md): Contribution profit is the dollar amount remaining from sales after subtracting variable costs—the absolute counterpart to contribution margin percentage.
- [Control Investment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/control-investment.md): A control investment is when an investor acquires a majority stake or contractual power to direct key decisions—typical in private equity and some growth buyouts, less common in early VC minority rounds.
- [Control Securities](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/control-securities.md): Control securities are equity holdings that confer dominant voting power or effective control over a company, subject to special resale rules under U.S. securities law.
- [Conversion Rights](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/conversion-rights.md): Conversion rights let preferred shareholders exchange their preferred stock for common stock, usually at a set ratio, to participate in upside or vote on an as-converted basis.
- [Convertible Debt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/convertible-debt.md): Convertible debt is a loan that can convert into equity—typically at a future financing—instead of being repaid in cash, giving startups bridge capital with deferred valuation.
- [Convertible Equity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/convertible-equity.md): Convertible equity is a financing instrument structured as equity-like paper—such as a SAFE—that converts into shares later upon triggering events rather than functioning as traditional repayable debt.
- [Convertible Note](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/convertible-note.md): A convertible note is a short-term debt instrument that converts into equity at a future financing, commonly using a valuation cap and discount to reward early investors.
- [Convertible Securities](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/convertible-securities.md): Convertible securities are financial instruments—notes, preferred stock, or warrants—that can transform into another security, usually common stock, under specified conditions.
- [Conviction Investing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/conviction-investing.md): Conviction investing is a strategy of making larger, concentrated bets on fewer opportunities where the investor has strong belief in outcome—rather than spreading small checks widely.
- [Corporate Acquisition](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/corporate-acquisition.md): A corporate acquisition is when one company buys another — through a stock purchase, asset purchase, or merger — to gain customers, technology, talent, or market position.
- [Corporate Venture Capital (CVC)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/corporate-venture-capital-cvc.md): Corporate venture capital (CVC) is when a large company invests its balance sheet into startups — often to gain strategic insight, partnerships, or optionality on future acquisitions.
- [Cost Synergies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cost-synergies.md): Cost synergies are the savings a buyer expects after combining two companies — from eliminating duplicate roles, consolidating vendors, or sharing infrastructure.
- [Covenant](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/covenant.md): A covenant is a contractual promise in a loan or bond — requiring the borrower to do certain things (affirmative covenants) or forbidding others (negative covenants) — with breach triggering default remedies.
- [Covenant-Lite](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/covenant-lite.md): Covenant-lite (cov-lite) debt has fewer maintenance covenants than traditional loans — giving borrowers more operating freedom until a serious default occurs.
- [Cramdown](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cramdown.md): A cramdown is when a bankruptcy court confirms a reorganization plan over the objection of dissenting creditors or equity holders, forcing them to accept less than their claimed value.
- [Credit Bid](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/credit-bid.md): A credit bid lets a secured lender use its outstanding loan balance as currency in a bankruptcy auction — effectively bidding the debt it is owed instead of cash.
- [Cross-Sell](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/cross-sell.md): Cross-sell means selling additional products or modules to existing customers — expanding wallet share without acquiring new logos.
- [Crossing the Chasm](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/crossing-the-chasm.md): Crossing the chasm is Geoffrey Moore's idea that startups must shift from selling to early adopters to winning pragmatic mainstream customers — a gap where many products fail.
- [Crossover Investor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/crossover-investor.md): A crossover investor is a firm that invests in both private and public markets — often leading late-stage private rounds and supporting companies into IPO.
- [Crowdfunding](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/crowdfunding.md): Crowdfunding raises small amounts of capital from many people — often via online platforms — through rewards, donations, debt, or regulated securities offerings.
- [CSAT](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/csat.md): CSAT (Customer Satisfaction Score) measures how satisfied customers are with a product, interaction, or support ticket — usually via a short post-experience survey.
- [Customer Concentration](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/customer-concentration.md): Customer concentration measures how much of a company's revenue depends on a small number of customers — high concentration means losing one account can materially hurt the business.
- [Customer Diligence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/customer-diligence.md): Customer diligence is the investor or acquirer process of validating a company's revenue quality by interviewing customers, reviewing contracts, and checking usage and satisfaction.
- [Data Room](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/data-room.md): A data room is a secure online repository where companies store due diligence documents — financials, contracts, cap table, IP — for investors or acquirers to review during a deal.
- [DAU](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/dau.md): DAU (Daily Active Users) counts how many unique users engage with a product on a given day — a core traction metric for consumer apps and platforms.
- [DAU/MAU](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/dau-mau.md): DAU/MAU is the ratio of daily active users to monthly active users — a shorthand for how often monthly users return on a typical day, often called stickiness.
- [DCF](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/dcf.md): DCF (Discounted Cash Flow) is a valuation method that estimates what a business is worth today by projecting future cash flows and discounting them back to present value.
- [De-SPAC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/de-spac.md): De-SPAC is the merger transaction where a private company combines with a SPAC shell and becomes publicly traded — the closing step of the SPAC process.
- [Death Spiral](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/death-spiral.md): Death spiral describes a self-reinforcing decline — often in distressed finance when convertible debt or dilutive financing triggers lower stock prices and further dilution, or in operations when churn and cash burn feed each other.
- [Debt Pushdown](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/debt-pushdown.md): Debt pushdown is when acquisition debt is placed on the target company's balance sheet post-close so the operating entity — not just the parent — bears repayment obligation.
- [Debt/EBITDA](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/debt-ebitda.md): Debt/EBITDA is a leverage ratio comparing total debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization — showing how many years of operating earnings cover the debt load.
- [Deck Feedback](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/deck-feedback.md): Deck feedback is the structured critique investors, advisors, or peers give on a pitch deck — covering narrative clarity, metrics, market sizing, and ask — before or after a fundraising meeting.
- [Deep Tech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/deep-tech.md): Deep tech startups build products rooted in substantial scientific or engineering breakthroughs — long R&D cycles, heavy IP, and technical risk before commercial traction.
- [Default](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/default.md): Default is failure to meet legal obligations under a contract — most often missing debt payments or breaching loan covenants — triggering remedies like acceleration, fees, or restructuring.
- [Default Alive](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/default-alive.md): Default alive means a startup's current revenue growth and expense path will reach profitability before cash runs out — without assuming a future fundraising round.
- [Default Dead](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/default-dead.md): Default dead means a startup will run out of cash before reaching profitability on its current growth and spending plan — implying it must raise, cut costs, sell, or shut down.
- [Default to Equity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/default-to-equity.md): Default to equity describes financing or deal structures where debt or preferred instruments convert into common or preferred stock upon a triggering event — often payment default or missed milestones.
- [Defense Tech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/defense-tech.md): Defense tech startups build products for military, intelligence, and homeland security customers — software, hardware, and systems sold into defense budgets and regulated procurement channels.
- [Defensibility](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/defensibility.md): Defensibility is how hard it is for competitors to copy or displace a company — through network effects, switching costs, IP, scale, or embedded workflows.
- [Deferred COGS](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/deferred-cogs.md): Deferred COGS is the portion of cost of goods sold recognized on the balance sheet first — then expensed over time — when revenue from the same contract is also deferred.
- [Deferred Revenue](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/deferred-revenue.md): Deferred revenue is cash collected from customers for products or services not yet delivered — recorded as a liability until recognized as revenue over time.
- [Delaware C-Corp](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/delaware-c-corp.md): A Delaware C-Corp is a corporation incorporated in Delaware taxed separately from shareholders — the standard legal entity U.S. venture capitalists expect for priced rounds and IPOs.
- [Delayed Draw Term Loan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/delayed-draw-term-loan.md): A delayed draw term loan (DDTL) is committed debt that the borrower can draw down in tranches over time — paying interest on funded amounts while preserving optional future liquidity.
- [Demand Gen](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/demand-gen.md): Demand gen (demand generation) is marketing focused on creating and capturing interest from potential buyers — filling the pipeline through content, ads, events, and outbound programs.
- [Demand Registration Rights](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/demand-registration-rights.md): Demand registration rights let major investors require the company to register their shares with the SEC for public sale — forcing an IPO or secondary registration on a timeline they initiate.
- [Denomination Effect](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/denominator-effect.md): In LP portfolio context, the denominator effect occurs when falling public market values shrink the liquid portion of an allocator's portfolio — triggering limits that block new private fund commitments.
- [Digital Transformation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/digital-transformation.md): Digital transformation is the overhaul of how an organization uses technology, data, and processes to change operations, customer experience, and business models — not just buying new software.
- [Dilution](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/dilution.md): Dilution is the reduction in an owner's percentage stake when a company issues new shares — typically during fundraising, option pool increases, or convertible instrument conversion.
- [Dilution Analysis](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/dilution-analysis.md): Dilution analysis models how ownership percentages change across financing events — new rounds, pool expansions, note conversions, and exit scenarios — on a fully diluted basis.
- [Direct Lending](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/direct-lending.md): Direct lending is when non-bank lenders — often private credit funds — provide loans directly to companies without syndicating through traditional banks, usually for middle-market and buyout financing.
- [Direct Listing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/direct-listing.md): A direct listing is a path to public markets where a company lists existing shares on an exchange without raising new primary capital through underwritten IPO shares — though some variants now allow limited raises.
- [Direct Listing vs IPO](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/direct-listing-vs-ipo.md): Direct listing vs IPO compares two public-market paths: listing existing shares without a traditional underwritten offering versus selling new shares through bankers to institutional investors first.
- [Disbursement](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/disbursement.md): Disbursement is the outflow of cash from a company, fund, or lender to pay expenses, fulfill investments, or release loan proceeds to a borrower.
- [Disclosure Schedule](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/disclosure-schedule.md): A disclosure schedule is an exhibit to a purchase or financing agreement listing exceptions to the seller's representations — known issues, contracts, litigation, and cap table details disclosed upfront.
- [Discount Rate (SAFE/Note)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/safe-discount.md): The discount rate on a SAFE or convertible note gives the investor a percentage reduction off the next priced round's share price when the instrument converts — rewarding early risk with cheaper equity.
- [Discount to Par](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/discount-to-par.md): Discount to par means buying a bond, loan, or other fixed-income instrument below its face (par) value — the holder paid less than $100 per $100 of principal and may earn yield from both coupon payments and price appreciation if repaid at par.
- [Disruption](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/disruption.md): Disruption is when a new product, business model, or technology reshapes a market by serving overlooked customers or jobs differently — often starting small and eventually displacing incumbents who dismissed the threat.
- [Distressed Investment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/distressed-investment.md): Distressed investment is capital deployed into companies, debt, or assets under financial stress — near default, in restructuring, or in bankruptcy — with the goal of buying mispriced claims and earning returns through turnaround, sale, or legal recovery.
- [Distressed Investor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/distressed-investor.md): A distressed investor is a fund or specialist that buys troubled debt, equity, or assets — often at a discount — and earns returns by restructuring companies, enforcing claims, or selling positions after recovery.
- [Distressed M&A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/distressed-m-and-a.md): Distressed M&A is the buying or selling of a company under financial stress—near default, in restructuring, or in bankruptcy—often at a discount and with compressed timelines.
- [Distribution](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/distribution.md): In venture and private equity, a distribution is cash or assets returned from a fund to its limited partners after a liquidity event—an exit, dividend recap, or partial sale.
- [Distribution in Kind](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/distribution-in-kind.md): A distribution in kind is when a fund returns portfolio assets—usually public company stock—directly to LPs instead of selling the shares and sending cash.
- [Dividend](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/dividend.md): A dividend is a payment from a company to its shareholders out of profits or reserves—uncommon at early-stage startups but relevant in later-stage VC, PE, and public exits.
- [Dividend Recapitalization](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/dividend-recapitalization.md): A dividend recapitalization is when owners take a large cash dividend funded by new debt—monetizing equity without selling the company, common in private equity.
- [Down Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/down-round.md): A down round is a financing where a company raises capital at a lower valuation per share than its previous round—diluting existing shareholders and often triggering protective provisions.
- [Down-Round Protection](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/down-round-protection.md): Down-round protection refers to contractual terms—chiefly anti-dilution provisions—that shield preferred investors from full dilution when a company raises at a lower valuation.
- [DPI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/dpi.md): DPI (distributions to paid-in capital) measures how much cash a fund has returned to LPs relative to what LPs contributed—real money back, not paper gains.
- [Drag-Along Rights](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/drag-along.md): Drag-along rights let a majority (or specified group) of shareholders force minority holders to sell their shares on the same terms in an acquisition—preventing holdouts from blocking a deal.
- [Drawdown Rate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/drawdown-rate.md): Drawdown rate is how quickly a fund calls committed capital from LPs and deploys it into investments—often expressed as capital called per year relative to fund size.
- [Dry Closing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/dry-closing.md): A dry closing is when deal documents are signed and the round is legally closed before all investor funds have been wired—often with a short delay until cash arrives.
- [Dry powder](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/dry-powder.md): Dry powder is capital that limited partners (LPs) have committed to a PE or VC fund, but that the general partner (GP) has not yet called or invested. It is deployable firepower — not cash sitting in a bank account.
- [Dual Listing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/dual-listing.md): Dual listing is when a company's shares trade on two or more stock exchanges—often in different countries—giving investors access in multiple markets and time zones.
- [Dual-Class Shares](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/dual-class-shares.md): Dual-class shares are two (or more) classes of stock with equal economic rights but unequal voting power—letting founders keep control after raising capital or going public.
- [Dual-Use](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/dual-use.md): Dual-use technology has both civilian and military or intelligence applications—raising export controls, national security review, and investor diligence in defense-adjacent startups.
- [Due Diligence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/due-diligence.md): Due diligence is the systematic investigation buyers or investors conduct before committing capital—verifying financials, legal standing, technology, team, and market claims.
- [Due Diligence Request List](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/due-diligence-request-list.md): A due diligence request list is the formal checklist investors or acquirers send to a company listing documents and answers required to complete their review before closing.
- [Duty of Care](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/duty-of-care.md): Duty of care is the legal obligation of directors and fiduciaries to make informed, prudent decisions on behalf of the company or fund—using reasonable diligence and skill.
- [Duty of Loyalty](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/duty-of-loyalty.md): Duty of loyalty requires directors and fiduciaries to put the company's or fund's interests ahead of their own—disclosing conflicts and avoiding self-dealing.
- [Early Adopters](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/early-adopters.md): Early adopters are the first customers who try a new product before the mainstream market—tolerating rough edges in exchange for solving a pressing problem or gaining an edge.
- [Early Exercise](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/early-exercise.md): Early exercise lets an option holder buy and hold shares before vesting—often to start the capital gains clock and reduce future tax on appreciation.
- [Early Stage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/early-stage.md): Early stage describes young companies still proving product-market fit, building initial revenue, and raising seed or Series A capital—before growth-stage scaling.
- [Earn-In](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/earn-in.md): Earn-in is a structure where an investor or partner gains full ownership or rights gradually by meeting milestones—contribution, performance, or time-based vesting.
- [Earn-Out](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/earn-out.md): An earn-out is contingent purchase price in M&A—additional payments to sellers if the business hits post-closing revenue, EBITDA, or other targets.
- [Earnout](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/earnout.md): Earnout is contingent consideration in an acquisition—future payments to sellers tied to post-close performance, spelled as one word in many deal documents.
- [EBIT](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ebit.md): EBIT (earnings before interest and taxes) is operating profit—revenue minus operating expenses, excluding interest and income tax—showing core business performance.
- [EBITDA](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ebitda.md): EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization) is a proxy for operating cash generation—widely used in PE and late-stage valuation.
- [EBITDA Margin](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ebitda-margin.md): EBITDA margin is EBITDA divided by revenue—expressing operating profitability as a percentage for comparing businesses of different sizes.
- [ECI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/eci.md): ECI (effectively connected income) is U.S.-source income tied to a trade or business in the United States—taxable to foreign investors and relevant in cross-border VC deals.
- [Efficiency Score](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/efficiency-score.md): Efficiency score is a capital-efficiency metric—often revenue or ARR growth relative to burn or net new ARR per dollar spent—used to judge how productively a startup uses funding.
- [EIS](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/eis.md): EIS (Enterprise Investment Scheme) is a UK tax incentive program encouraging individuals to invest in qualifying early-stage companies—central to British angel and seed investing.
- [Emerging Manager](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/emerging-manager.md): An emerging manager is a GP or fund firm raising early funds—often Fund I, II, or III—without a long institutional track record, competing for LP allocations with a higher-risk, higher-upside profile.
- [EMI Options](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/emi-options.md): EMI (Enterprise Management Incentives) options are a UK tax-advantaged employee share option scheme letting qualifying staff exercise at low tax rates on gains.
- [Employee Option Pool](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/employee-option-pool.md): An employee option pool is shares reserved in the cap table for future equity grants to employees, advisors, and executives—typically created or expanded at funding rounds.
- [Employee Ownership](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/employee-ownership.md): Employee ownership means workers hold equity stakes in the company—through options, RSUs, direct shares, or ESOP structures—aligning compensation with company outcomes.
- [Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/employee-stock-ownership-plan-esop.md): An ESOP is a qualified U.S. benefit plan that holds company stock for employees—often used in mature companies and PE exits to transfer ownership broadly with tax advantages.
- [Employee Tender](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/employee-tender.md): An employee tender is a company- or sponsor-organized event where employees sell vested shares to investors or the company—providing partial liquidity before IPO or acquisition.
- [Endowment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/endowment.md): An endowment is a permanent or long-horizon investment pool—typically university or nonprofit—often allocating a slice to venture capital and private equity as an LP.
- [Enterprise Value](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/enterprise-value.md): Enterprise value (EV) is the total value of a company's operations—equity value plus net debt—representing what a buyer effectively pays for the whole business.
- [Enterprise Value Bridge](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/enterprise-value-bridge.md): An enterprise value bridge is a step-by-step reconciliation from enterprise value down to equity value per share—accounting for debt, cash, fees, and adjustments in M&A.
- [Enterprise Value to EBITDA](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/enterprise-value-to-ebitda.md): EV/EBITDA is a valuation multiple dividing enterprise value by EBITDA—benchmarking what buyers pay for each dollar of operating earnings.
- [Entrepreneur in Residence (EIR)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/entrepreneur-in-residence-eir.md): An Entrepreneur in Residence (EIR) is an experienced founder embedded at a VC firm—exploring ideas, sourcing deals, and often incubating their next company with firm backing.
- [Entry Multiple](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/entry-multiple.md): Entry multiple is the valuation ratio paid when an investor acquires or invests—such as EV/EBITDA or price/revenue at the time of entry into a deal.
- [Equity + Token Warrant](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/equity-token-warrant.md): Equity + token warrant is a hybrid crypto venture structure—investors buy traditional equity plus a warrant to receive project tokens if the company launches a token network.
- [Equity Financing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/equity-financing.md): Equity financing raises capital by selling ownership stakes—instruments like preferred stock, common stock, or SAFEs—rather than borrowing money that must be repaid.
- [Equity Incentive Plan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/equity-incentive-plan.md): An equity incentive plan is the board-approved program authorizing stock options, RSUs, and other equity awards to employees, directors, and advisors within a defined share reserve.
- [Equity Kicker](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/equity-kicker.md): An equity kicker is an extra equity grant or warrant attached to a debt or mezzanine investment—giving the lender upside if the company succeeds.
- [Equity Value](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/equity-value.md): Equity value is the worth attributable to shareholders after paying net debt and transaction adjustments—the money that flows through the cap table waterfall.
- [ERISA](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/erisa.md): ERISA (Employee Retirement Income Security Act) is the U.S. law governing private pension and benefit plans—affecting how pension LPs invest in VC funds and how ESOPs operate.
- [Escrow](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/escrow.md): Escrow holds a portion of deal proceeds with a third party until conditions are met—covering indemnity claims, earn-outs, or post-close adjustments in M&A and some financings.
- [Event of Default](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/event-of-default.md): An event of default is a contract breach—missed payment, covenant violation, or other trigger—that gives lenders rights to accelerate debt, seize collateral, or force remedies.
- [Evergreen Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/evergreen-fund.md): An evergreen fund is a private investment vehicle that continuously accepts capital and redeploys proceeds without a fixed end date, unlike a traditional closed-end fund with a ten-year life.
- [Evergreen Option Pool](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/evergreen-option-pool.md): An evergreen option pool is an equity reserve that automatically refreshes as employees exercise or leave, keeping a steady slice of ownership available for future grants without repeated board approvals for each top-up.
- [Evergreen Refresh](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/evergreen-refresh.md): Evergreen refresh is the automatic replenishment of an employee equity pool or similar reserve so available grant capacity stays at a preset level as shares are issued, exercised, or forfeited.
- [Evergreen Vehicle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/evergreen-vehicle.md): An evergreen vehicle is any open-ended investment structure—fund, trust, or platform sleeve—that continuously raises and redeploys capital without a mandatory liquidation date.
- [Excess Cash Flow Sweep](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/excess-cash-flow-sweep.md): An excess cash flow sweep is a loan covenant requiring the borrower to apply a defined share of free cash above a threshold toward debt prepayment, reducing leverage before optional distributions or acquisitions.
- [Exclusivity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/exclusivity.md): Exclusivity is a negotiated period—often in a term sheet or letter of intent—during which a company agrees not to shop the deal to other buyers or investors while the counterparty completes diligence and documentation.
- [Excuse Rights](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/excuse-rights.md): Excuse rights let a limited partner decline to fund a specific capital call—usually for legal, regulatory, or policy reasons—without being treated as a default on the entire commitment.
- [Execution Risk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/execution-risk.md): Execution risk is the chance that a team fails to deliver on its plan—product, go-to-market, hiring, or integration— even when the market opportunity and strategy appear sound.
- [Executive Session](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/executive-session.md): An executive session is a board meeting segment—or separate meeting—where independent directors or investors meet without management present to discuss sensitive governance, performance, or compensation topics.
- [Exit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/exit.md): An exit is the event through which investors and founders convert private equity into cash or publicly tradable shares—via acquisition, IPO, secondary sale, or recapitalization.
- [Exit Multiple](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/exit-multiple.md): Exit multiple is the ratio of exit value to a baseline financial metric—often revenue or EBITDA—used to summarize how richly a company sold relative to its performance at exit.
- [Exit Scenario Modeling](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/exit-scenario-modeling.md): Exit scenario modeling is the practice of building bear, base, and bull cases for how a company might exit—price, timing, and form—to estimate investor returns and inform reserve and follow-on decisions.
- [Exit Waterfall](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/exit-waterfall.md): An exit waterfall is the ordered sequence that distributes sale or liquidation proceeds among debt holders, preferred shareholders, and common stockholders according to the cap table and charter.
- [Expansion Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/expansion-capital.md): Expansion capital is growth-stage funding used to scale an already proven business—entering new markets, adding sales capacity, or funding acquisitions—rather than financing early product discovery.
- [Expansion Revenue](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/expansion-revenue.md): Expansion revenue is additional recurring revenue from existing customers—through upsells, cross-sells, seat adds, or usage growth—rather than from brand-new logos.
- [Extension](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/extension.md): In venture and private equity, an extension is an agreed lengthening of a fund's investment or termination period—or of a loan maturity—beyond the original contractual deadline.
- [Extension Option](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/extension-option.md): An extension option is a contractual right—typically in a fund LPA or loan agreement—to extend the term by predefined periods subject to approval conditions or automatic triggers.
- [F-1](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/f-1.md): Form F-1 is the SEC registration statement foreign private issuers file to register securities for a U.S. initial public offering, analogous to the domestic S-1.
- [Fair Value](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fair-value.md): Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date—used to mark private holdings on fund books.
- [Fairness Opinion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fairness-opinion.md): A fairness opinion is a third-party letter stating whether a transaction price is fair, from a financial point of view, to shareholders—commonly used in M&A, conflicts, and going-private deals.
- [Family Office](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/family-office.md): A family office is a private wealth management organization that invests and administers assets for one or more wealthy families—often including direct venture, fund commitments, and co-investments.
- [Family Office Direct](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/family-office-direct.md): Family office direct investing is when a family office writes checks into companies or assets on its own balance sheet—without routing capital solely through external fund managers.
- [FDD (Financial Due Diligence)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fdd-financial-due-diligence.md): Financial due diligence (FDD) is buy-side analysis of a target's historical and projected finances—quality of earnings, working capital, debt, and accounting policies—before signing an acquisition or large investment.
- [Fee Waiver](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fee-waiver.md): A fee waiver is an agreement by a fund manager to forgive or reduce management fees—often offsetting fees against GP co-invest or carry—to align economics with LPs or support fundraising.
- [Fiduciary Duty](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fiduciary-duty.md): Fiduciary duty is the legal obligation to act in another party's best interest with loyalty and care—board members owe it to the company and shareholders; fund GPs owe it to LPs per the partnership agreement.
- [Fiduciary Out](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fiduciary-out.md): A fiduciary out is contract language allowing a board or party bound by exclusivity to consider superior proposals when required to fulfill fiduciary duties to shareholders.
- [Final Close](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/final-close.md): Final close is the last date a fund accepts new limited partner commitments, fixing fund size and ending the fundraising period before full deployment focus.
- [Final Offering Memorandum](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/final-offering-memorandum.md): A final offering memorandum (FOM) is the definitive private placement document describing fund terms, risks, and strategy—distributed to qualified investors before they commit capital.
- [Financial Buyer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/financial-buyer.md): A financial buyer is an acquirer—typically a private equity firm or sponsor—that purchases a company primarily as an investment to generate returns through operations, leverage, and eventual resale, not for strategic product fit.
- [Financial Investor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/financial-investor.md): A financial investor is any capital provider—VC, PE, hedge fund, family office, or public markets fund—motivated primarily by risk-adjusted financial returns rather than strategic operating integration.
- [Financing Risk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/financing-risk.md): Financing risk is the chance a company cannot raise capital on acceptable terms—or at all—when needed, forcing dilution, distress cuts, or shutdown despite a viable product or market.
- [Fire Sale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fire-sale.md): A fire sale is a distressed asset or company sale at a steep discount under time pressure—often to satisfy creditors, avoid bankruptcy, or meet fund liquidity deadlines.
- [Firepower](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/firepower.md): Firepower is the capital a fund or investor has available to deploy—uncalled commitments, reserves, and balance-sheet capacity—for new and follow-on investments.
- [First Chicago Method](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/first-chicago-method.md): The First Chicago Method is a venture valuation approach combining multiple exit scenarios—bad, base, and good—with probability weights to estimate expected present value of an investment.
- [First Close](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/first-close.md): First close is the initial date a fund accepts LP commitments and begins operating—often while fundraising continues toward a larger final close.
- [First Lien](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/first-lien.md): First lien is the senior secured claim on a borrower's assets—repaid before subordinated debt and equity in default or sale—common in venture debt and buyout financing.
- [First-of-a-Kind (FOAK)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/first-of-a-kind-foak.md): First-of-a-kind (FOAK) describes a inaugural commercial-scale deployment of a new technology or plant—often in climate, energy, or deep tech—where cost, timeline, and performance risk are highest.
- [Fixed Cost](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fixed-cost.md): Fixed costs are expenses that stay relatively constant regardless of short-term sales volume—rent, core salaries, insurance—until the company structurally changes its operating plan.
- [Flash Report](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/flash-report.md): A flash report is a quick, often unofficial snapshot of key financial or operating metrics—typically monthly or weekly—shared with investors or leadership before full books close.
- [Flat Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/flat-round.md): A flat round is a financing where a company's pre-money valuation equals—or is roughly equal to—its prior priced round, so existing shareholders avoid down-round dilution but receive no paper markup.
- [Flywheel](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/flywheel.md): A flywheel is a self-reinforcing business loop where each customer or transaction makes the next one easier or cheaper—building momentum through compounding effects rather than one-off wins.
- [Follow-On Investment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/follow-on.md): A follow-on investment is additional capital a fund or investor puts into a portfolio company after the initial check—through pro rata rights, super pro rata, or insider-led rounds.
- [Follow-On Offering](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/follow-on-offering.md): A follow-on offering is a public company sale of additional shares after its IPO—primary shares raise new capital for the issuer; secondary shares sell existing holders' stock.
- [Follow-On Offering (Fund)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/follow-on-offering-fund.md): A follow-on offering (fund) is when a GP raises additional capital for an existing fund vintage—through increased commitments, parallel vehicles, or annex funds—after the initial final close.
- [FOMO Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fomo-round.md): A FOMO round is a financing driven more by investor fear of missing out on a hot deal than by disciplined underwriting—often characterized by compressed diligence, high valuations, and crowded syndicates.
- [For-Cause Removal](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/for-cause-removal.md): For-cause removal is the termination of a general partner or key person for defined misconduct or breach—such as fraud or gross negligence—typically requiring LP vote under the LPA.
- [Form D](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/form-d.md): Form D is an SEC notice of exempt securities offering that private funds and companies file after selling stock or fund interests under Regulation D—disclosing basic terms without full public registration.
- [Form S-8](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/form-s-8.md): Form S-8 is an SEC registration statement that lets public companies issue shares to employees under equity compensation plans without separate prospectus delivery for each grant.
- [Founder Agreement](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/founder-agreement.md): A founder agreement is an early contract among co-founders setting equity splits, roles, vesting, IP assignment, and departure terms—before or alongside company incorporation.
- [Founder Ownership](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/founder-ownership.md): Founder ownership is the percentage of a company's equity—usually common stock on a fully diluted basis—held by founding team members after accounting for vesting, options, and investor rounds.
- [Founder Vesting](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/founder-vesting.md): Founder vesting is a schedule that determines when founders earn their equity over time, usually tied to continued service at the company. Unvested shares can be repurchased if a founder leaves early.
- [Free Cash Flow](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/free-cash-flow.md): Free cash flow is the cash a business generates after paying operating expenses and capital expenditures—the money left to repay debt, distribute to owners, or reinvest without raising new capital.
- [Freedom to Operate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/freedom-to-operate.md): Freedom to operate (FTO) is a legal analysis confirming that a product or process can be commercialized without infringing valid third-party patents or IP rights in target markets.
- [Freemium](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/freemium.md): Freemium is a business model that offers a free tier with limited features or usage, aiming to convert a subset of users into paying customers for premium capabilities.
- [Friends and Family Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/friends-and-family-round.md): A friends and family round is early capital raised from personal networks—relatives, close friends, and acquaintances—often before professional angels or institutional investors participate.
- [Full Exit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/full-exit.md): A full exit is when investors and founders sell their entire ownership stake in a company—typically through acquisition or IPO—rather than retaining partial exposure after the transaction.
- [Full Ratchet](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/full-ratchet.md): Full ratchet is an aggressive anti-dilution provision that reprices an investor's conversion price to the lowest price paid in a down round, maximizing their share count at other shareholders' expense.
- [Fully Diluted](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fully-diluted.md): Fully diluted refers to a company's share count assuming all convertible securities—options, warrants, SAFEs, and preferred stock—convert into common stock.
- [Fully Diluted Ownership](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fully-diluted-ownership.md): Fully diluted ownership is your percentage of a company calculated against the fully diluted share count, including all convertible and unexercised equity instruments.
- [Fund Administration](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fund-administration.md): Fund administration is outsourced operational support for investment funds—handling LP onboarding, capital calls, distributions, NAV calculations, and regulatory filings.
- [Fund Audit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fund-audit.md): A fund audit is an independent examination of a venture or private equity fund's financial statements, verifying that LP capital, investments, and fees are recorded accurately.
- [Fund Formation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fund-formation.md): Fund formation is the legal and structural process of creating an investment fund—entity setup, LP agreement, regulatory filings, and banking—before accepting capital.
- [Fund Life](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fund-life.md): Fund life is the total contractual lifespan of a venture fund—from first close through investment period, follow-ons, and final distributions—typically about ten years with extensions.
- [Fund of Funds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fund-of-funds.md): A fund of funds (FoF) is an investment vehicle that allocates capital to multiple underlying funds—VC, PE, or other strategies—rather than buying companies directly.
- [Fund of One](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fund-of-one.md): A fund of one is a bespoke fund structure where a single LP's capital is pooled in a dedicated vehicle that invests alongside or through a GP—custom terms without a broader LP base.
- [Fund Size](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fund-size.md): Fund size is the total capital commitments a venture fund raises from LPs—the headline number that shapes check sizes, portfolio construction, and fee income.
- [Fund Vintage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fund-vintage.md): Fund vintage is the year a fund holds its first close—the cohort label LPs use to compare performance across funds raised in the same market conditions.
- [Fundraising](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fundraising.md): Fundraising is the process of raising capital—startups seek investment from angels and VCs; GPs seek commitments from LPs for new funds.
- [Fundraising Process](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/fundraising-process.md): The fundraising process is the end-to-end sequence from preparing materials and building an investor list through meetings, diligence, term negotiation, and closing.
- [Gate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/gate.md): In fund economics, a gate is a limit on how much capital LPs can withdraw or redeem from a fund in a given period—protecting remaining investors from sudden liquidity demands.
- [General Partner (GP)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/general-partner.md): The general partner is the managing entity of a venture fund—responsible for investment decisions, LP relations, fees, and fiduciary duties, while LPs supply capital as passive investors.
- [General Solicitation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/general-solicitation.md): General solicitation is publicly advertising an investment offering—broadcast ads, open webinars, or broad social promotion—subject to strict securities rules for private funds and startups.
- [Generalist Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/generalist-fund.md): A generalist fund invests across sectors, stages, or geographies rather than concentrating on a single industry thesis—betting on partner judgment over narrow specialization.
- [Ghosting](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ghosting.md): Ghosting in venture is when an investor stops responding after showing interest—no explicit pass, no term sheet, just silence.
- [GMV](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/gmv.md): GMV (gross merchandise value) is the total dollar value of goods or services sold through a marketplace or platform in a period—before subtracting returns, cancellations, or the platform's net revenue.
- [Go-Live](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/go-live.md): Go-live is the moment a product, system, or integration moves from testing into production use with real customers or live data.
- [Go-Shop](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/go-shop.md): A go-shop period lets a company solicit competing acquisition offers for a limited time after signing a merger agreement—testing whether a better deal exists.
- [Go-to-Market](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/go-to-market.md): Go-to-market (GTM) is the plan for reaching customers and delivering your product—covering target segment, positioning, channels, pricing, and sales motion.
- [Going Concern](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/going-concern.md): Going concern is an accounting assumption that a company will continue operating normally—not liquidating or ceasing business in the foreseeable future.
- [Good Leaver](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/good-leaver.md): A good leaver is an employee or founder who departs on approved terms—such as resignation for approved reasons or termination without cause—and retains more favorable equity treatment than a bad leaver.
- [Good Leaver / Bad Leaver](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/good-leaver-bad-leaver.md): Good leaver and bad leaver clauses define how equity is treated when someone leaves—rewarding acceptable exits with fair retention and penalizing misconduct or unapproved departures.
- [Governance Risk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/governance-risk.md): Governance risk is the chance that weak boards, misaligned incentives, or unclear decision rights harm a company—investors, founders, or minority shareholders.
- [Governance Token](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/governance-token.md): A governance token grants holders voting rights on protocol or DAO decisions—parameter changes, treasury spending, or upgrades—often without direct cash flow rights.
- [GovTech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/govtech.md): GovTech refers to technology products and services sold to government agencies—modernizing procurement, civic services, defense, or public infrastructure with software and data.
- [GP Catch-Up](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/gp-catch-up.md): GP catch-up is a carried interest allocation that lets the general partner receive a larger share of profits after LPs receive their preferred return—until the GP reaches its agreed carry percentage.
- [GP Commitment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/gp-commit.md): GP commitment is capital the general partner and its principals invest in their own fund—aligning interests with LPs by sharing downside and upside.
- [GP Staking](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/gp-staking.md): GP staking is when general partners lock tokens or assets as collateral or alignment—common in crypto fund structures to bond behavior to LP or protocol interests.
- [GP-Led Secondary](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/gp-led-secondary.md): A GP-led secondary is a liquidity transaction orchestrated by the fund manager—often rolling the fund or selling portfolio stakes to a continuation vehicle while offering LP exit options.
- [Grant Funding](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/grant-funding.md): Grant funding is non-dilutive capital from governments, foundations, or programs that support specific research, innovation, or policy goals—usually without taking equity.
- [Greenfield](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/greenfield.md): Greenfield describes a new project or market entry built from scratch—no legacy systems, incumbent install base, or acquired infrastructure to integrate.
- [Greenshoe](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/greenshoe.md): The greenshoe option—named after Green Shoe Manufacturing—is an IPO overallotment allowance letting underwriters issue extra shares if demand exceeds the initial offering size.
- [Gross Burn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/gross-burn.md): Gross burn is the total cash a company spends per month before offsetting any revenue—measuring raw spending pace independent of income.
- [Gross Margin](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/gross-margin.md): Gross margin is revenue minus direct costs of delivering the product—expressed as a percentage—showing unit economics before overhead and sales spend.
- [Gross Merchandise Value](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/gross-merchandise-value.md): Gross merchandise value (GMV) is the total value of transactions processed on a marketplace or platform over a period—before returns and before the platform's net revenue.
- [Gross Merchandise Volume](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/gross-merchandise-volume.md): Gross merchandise volume is the total transaction volume through a platform—often used interchangeably with gross merchandise value (GMV) in marketplace reporting.
- [Gross Revenue Retention (GRR)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/gross-revenue-retention-grr.md): Gross revenue retention measures how much recurring revenue from existing customers remains over a period—excluding expansion—before accounting for new logos.
- [Growth Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/growth-capital.md): Growth capital is financing for companies with proven products and revenue—used to accelerate sales, marketing, geographic expansion, or acquisitions without a full control buyout.
- [Growth Equity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/growth-equity.md): Growth equity is a private investing style targeting minority stakes in fast-growing, often profitable or near-profitable companies—between venture risk and buyout control.
- [Growth Investor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/growth-investor.md): A growth investor backs companies scaling proven products—emphasizing revenue growth, unit economics, and efficient capital deployment over early-stage product discovery.
- [Growth Loop](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/growth-loop.md): A growth loop is a self-reinforcing cycle where user actions generate outputs that attract more users—compounding acquisition or retention without linear paid spend alone.
- [Growth Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/growth-round.md): A growth round is a later-stage equity financing for a company that has proven product-market fit and is raising capital to scale revenue, expand geographically, or build toward an exit.
- [Growth Shares](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/growth-shares.md): Growth shares are a class of equity that only pays out above a set hurdle valuation, letting companies reward employees or advisors without immediately diluting existing shareholders at today's price.
- [Hard Cap](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/hard-cap.md): A hard cap is the absolute maximum amount of capital a fund will accept from limited partners, after which the general partner must stop fundraising regardless of investor demand.
- [Hard Circle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/hard-circle.md): A hard circle is an informal term for when a venture firm signals strong internal conviction on a deal and begins lining up partner votes before investment committee approval is formalized.
- [Hard Tech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/hard-tech.md): Hard tech refers to startups building physical products or deep engineering systems — hardware, advanced materials, robotics, semiconductors, or biotech with significant lab and manufacturing work.
- [Harvest Period](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/harvest-period.md): The harvest period is the late phase of a private equity or venture fund's life when the general partner focuses on exiting portfolio companies and returning capital to limited partners rather than making new investments.
- [Heavy Preference Stack](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/heavy-preference-stack.md): A heavy preference stack means a startup's cap table has multiple layers of liquidation preference — often from several funding rounds — that must be paid out before common shareholders receive anything on exit.
- [Hiring Approval Rights](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/hiring-approval-rights.md): Hiring approval rights give certain investors veto or consent power over key executive hires — typically the CEO, CFO, or other C-suite roles — as negotiated in financing documents.
- [Hit Rate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/hit-rate.md): Hit rate measures how often an investor's portfolio companies deliver meaningful outcomes — typically exits or large markups — relative to total investments made.
- [Hockey Stick](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/hockey-stick.md): A hockey stick is a revenue or growth chart that stays flat for a period then bends sharply upward — the shape investors hope to see after product-market fit kicks in.
- [Hold Period](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/hold-period.md): Hold period is the length of time an investor owns an asset before selling — from initial investment through exit or distribution to limited partners.
- [Holdback](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/holdback.md): A holdback is a portion of purchase price withheld at closing — usually in M&A — to cover potential indemnity claims, working-capital adjustments, or earnout disputes after the deal closes.
- [Holdco](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/holdco.md): A holdco — holding company — is a parent entity that owns shares in operating businesses or other assets, often used to consolidate ownership, manage tax, or structure fund investments.
- [Home Run](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/home-run.md): A home run is venture slang for an investment that returns many times the original capital — often 10x or more — and drives a disproportionate share of a fund's overall performance.
- [Hot Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/hot-round.md): A hot round is a financing that attracts intense investor demand — often oversubscribed, with competitive term sheets and favorable pricing for the company.
- [Hurdle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/hurdle.md): A hurdle is a performance threshold that must be cleared before someone receives a benefit — commonly used in carried interest, growth shares, or earnout structures.
- [Hurdle Rate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/hurdle-rate.md): The hurdle rate is the minimum return limited partners must receive on their invested capital before the general partner begins earning carried interest on fund profits.
- [IC Memo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ic-memo.md): An IC memo is the written investment recommendation a deal team prepares for the investment committee — summarizing thesis, diligence findings, risks, and proposed terms.
- [Iceberg Balance Sheet](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/iceberg-balance-sheet.md): An iceberg balance sheet describes a company whose reported assets understate economic value — often because intangibles like brand, data, or network effects do not appear fully on traditional financial statements.
- [Ideal Customer Profile (ICP)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ideal-customer-profile-icp.md): An ideal customer profile defines the type of company or buyer that gets the most value from your product — the segment where you win fastest with the highest retention and lowest acquisition cost.
- [Illiquidity Premium](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/illiquidity-premium.md): The illiquidity premium is the extra return investors expect for locking capital in assets that cannot be sold quickly — such as private company stakes or fund commitments.
- [In-Kind Distribution](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/in-kind-distribution.md): An in-kind distribution is when a fund passes portfolio company shares or other securities directly to limited partners instead of selling the assets and distributing cash.
- [Incubator](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/incubator.md): An incubator is a program or organization that helps very early startups with workspace, mentorship, and sometimes small grants or investment in exchange for equity or fees.
- [Incurrence Covenant](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/incurrence-covenant.md): An incurrence covenant is a debt agreement rule that limits what a borrower can do in the future — such as taking on more debt or making acquisitions — unless specific financial tests are met.
- [Indemnification](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/indemnification.md): Indemnification is a contractual promise to cover another party's losses if specified claims arise — common in financing documents, M&A, and director service agreements.
- [Independent Director](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/independent-director.md): An independent director is a board member without material financial ties to the company or major investors — brought in to provide neutral oversight and balance insider interests.
- [Independent Sponsor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/independent-sponsor.md): An independent sponsor is an individual or small firm that sources and negotiates an acquisition without a committed private equity fund — raising equity deal-by-deal from co-investors.
- [Indication of Interest (IOI)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/indication-of-interest-ioi.md): An IOI is a non-binding letter from a buyer or investor outlining preliminary interest in a transaction — price range, structure, and key conditions — before a formal offer or term sheet.
- [Inflection Point](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/inflection-point.md): An inflection point is a moment when a company's growth trajectory or strategy shifts materially — often from slow experimentation to rapid scaling or from one business model to another.
- [Information Rights](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/information-rights.md): Information rights are contractual entitlements that give investors periodic financial reports, cap table updates, and sometimes inspection access to monitor their private company investment.
- [Infrastructure Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/infrastructure-fund.md): An infrastructure fund invests in essential physical or digital assets — roads, energy, data centers, fiber networks — generating long-duration cash flows rather than betting on early-stage company growth.
- [Initial Public Offering (IPO)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ipo.md): An IPO is the process by which a private company first sells shares to the public on a stock exchange, becoming a publicly traded company subject to SEC reporting and broader shareholder ownership.
- [Innovators Dilemma](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/innovators-dilemma.md): The innovator's dilemma describes why successful incumbent companies often fail to adopt disruptive innovations — because serving existing customers and margins rationally outweighs betting on smaller, uncertain new markets.
- [Insider Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/insider-round.md): An insider round is a financing where existing investors — not new outside firms — supply the capital, often during uncertain markets or when external lead investors are hard to find.
- [Insider-Led Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/insider-led-round.md): An insider-led round is a financing where an existing investor acts as the lead — setting terms and taking the largest new allocation — rather than a new outside firm leading.
- [Insolvency](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/insolvency.md): Insolvency is the state where a company cannot pay its debts as they come due or has liabilities exceeding assets — potentially triggering restructuring, bankruptcy, or liquidation.
- [Institutional Investor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/institutional-investor.md): An institutional investor is a professional organization — pension fund, endowment, insurance company, or fund-of-funds — that deploys large pools of capital managed on behalf of beneficiaries.
- [Interest Coverage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/interest-coverage.md): Interest coverage is a ratio measuring how easily a company pays interest on its debt — typically earnings before interest and taxes divided by interest expense.
- [Internal Rate of Return Gross](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/internal-rate-of-return-gross.md): Gross IRR is the annualized return on investments calculated before deducting fund-level fees and carried interest — showing portfolio performance at the asset level.
- [Investment Advisers Act](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/investment-advisers-act.md): The Investment Advisers Act of 1940 is the primary U.S. federal law regulating investment advisers — including many VC and PE fund managers — requiring registration, disclosure, and fiduciary duties.
- [Investment Committee (IC)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/investment-committee-ic.md): The investment committee is the group within a venture or private equity firm that votes to approve or reject deals — typically senior partners with authority to commit fund capital.
- [Investment Period](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/investment-period.md): The investment period is the defined window — often the first four to six years of a fund — during which the general partner may call limited partner capital for new portfolio investments.
- [Investment Restriction](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/investment-restriction.md): An investment restriction is a limit in a fund's governing documents on where or how capital may be deployed — by stage, sector, geography, concentration, or instrument type.
- [Investor Questionnaire](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/investor-questionnaire.md): An investor questionnaire is a standard form LPs or angel investors complete when subscribing to a fund or private offering — documenting accreditation, tax status, and regulatory eligibility.
- [IP Assignment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ip-assignment.md): IP assignment is the legal transfer of intellectual property ownership — patents, trademarks, copyrights, code — from individuals or prior entities to the company investors are funding.
- [IPO Pop](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ipo-pop.md): IPO pop is the first-day increase in a newly public stock's price above its offer price — the gap between what IPO investors paid and where shares open or close on day one.
- [IRA (Investors Rights Agreement)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ira-investors-rights-agreement.md): The investors' rights agreement is a contract in venture financings granting preferred shareholders rights beyond the charter — information reports, registration rights, pro rata participation, and sometimes board observer seats.
- [IRR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/irr.md): IRR (internal rate of return) is the annualized discount rate that makes the net present value of all cash flows — investments in and distributions out — equal to zero.
- [IRR Net](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/irr-net.md): Net IRR is the internal rate of return limited partners actually earn after fund management fees, expenses, and carried interest — the return on LP cash flows, not gross portfolio proceeds.
- [ISO](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/iso.md): An ISO (incentive stock option) is a U.S. employee stock option that qualifies for favorable tax treatment if holding period requirements are met — potentially taxing gains at long-term capital gains rates rather than ordinary income.
- [ISO AMT](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/iso-amt.md): ISO AMT is the alternative minimum tax you may owe when exercising incentive stock options (ISOs) before selling the shares, because the spread between strike price and fair market value counts as income for AMT even though you have not received cash.
- [Issued and Outstanding](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/issued-and-outstanding.md): Issued and outstanding shares are the shares a company has actually created and that remain held by shareholders today — not reserved in the option pool, not authorized-but-unissued, and not treasury stock sitting on the balance sheet.
- [J-Curve](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/j-curve.md): The J-curve describes how private fund returns often dip negative in early years — fees and slow mark-ups — before rising as portfolio companies mature and exits return capital.
- [Junior Preferred](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/junior-preferred.md): Junior preferred is a class of preferred stock that sits below senior preferred in the payout stack — it gets paid after senior preferred in a liquidation or sale, and usually carries weaker protective provisions.
- [K-Factor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/k-factor.md): K-factor (virality coefficient) measures how many new users each existing user generates through referrals or invites — a K above 1 implies self-sustaining viral growth; below 1 means paid or organic channels must fill the gap.
- [Key Person Clause](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/key-person.md): A key person clause in a fund's limited partnership agreement suspends or limits new investments if designated partners leave, become disabled, or stop devoting sufficient time — protecting LPs from a headless GP.
- [Key-Person Risk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/key-person-risk.md): Key-person risk is the dependence of a company or fund on one or a few individuals whose departure would materially harm operations, fundraising, or investor confidence.
- [KISS Note](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/kiss-note.md): A KISS note is a standardized convertible security — Keep It Simple Security — published by 500 Global (formerly 500 Startups) as a lightweight alternative to custom convertible notes or SAFEs for early fundraising.
- [KPI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/kpi.md): A KPI — key performance indicator — is a measurable metric tied to a specific business goal, used to track whether a company is on track and to align teams and investors on what "good" looks like.
- [KPI Tree](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/kpi-tree.md): A KPI tree is a hierarchical map that breaks a top-level business metric into the input metrics that drive it — so teams see which levers actually move the north star.
- [KYC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/kyc.md): KYC — know your customer — is the identity and risk verification process financial institutions and regulated platforms use to confirm who their customers are and screen for fraud, sanctions, and money laundering.
- [Laggards](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/laggards.md): In innovation adoption theory, laggards are the last customer segment to buy a new product — often skeptical, price-sensitive, and reliant on proven solutions until change becomes unavoidable.
- [Land and Expand](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/land-and-expand.md): Land and expand is a go-to-market strategy where you win a small initial deal — one team, one use case, or a low tier — then grow revenue inside the account through upsells, seats, and cross-sell.
- [Land Grab](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/land-grab.md): A land grab is aggressive early spending to capture market share, users, or geographic footprint before competitors — prioritizing speed and scale over near-term profitability.
- [Late Stage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/late-stage.md): Late stage refers to venture rounds for mature private companies with substantial revenue — often Series D and beyond — where capital funds growth, acquisitions, or pre-IPO positioning rather than product discovery.
- [Launch](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/launch.md): In startup context, a launch is the deliberate release of a product, feature, or company to a target market — moving from private beta or stealth to real users, customers, or public visibility.
- [Lead Arranger](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/lead-arranger.md): A lead arranger is the institution that structures, syndicates, and administers a large credit facility or debt package — coordinating lenders, documentation, and pricing for the borrower.
- [Lead Investor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/lead-investor.md): The lead investor is the firm or individual that anchors a financing round — setting terms, taking the largest check, running diligence, and often taking a board seat to represent the syndicate.
- [Leaver Provisions](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/leaver-provisions.md): Leaver provisions define what happens to a founder or employee's equity when they leave the company — distinguishing good leavers from bad leavers and specifying vesting acceleration, repurchase, or forfeiture.
- [Legal Diligence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/legal-diligence.md): Legal diligence is the buyer's or investor's review of a company's contracts, corporate records, IP ownership, litigation, and compliance — to find issues that could block a deal or reduce value.
- [Letter of Intent](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/letter-of-intent.md): A letter of intent (LOI) is a non-binding or partially binding document that outlines the key terms of a proposed deal — acquisition, partnership, or major contract — before full definitive agreements are drafted.
- [Letter of Intent (LOI)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/letter-of-intent-loi.md): An LOI — letter of intent — is the shorthand name for a preliminary agreement sketching major deal terms before final legal documents, widely used in acquisitions, asset purchases, and some large commercial contracts.
- [Leverage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/leverage.md): Leverage is the use of borrowed money or financial structure to amplify returns — or risk — relative to equity alone, common in buyouts, real estate, and later-stage capital structures.
- [Leverage Multiple](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/leverage-multiple.md): Leverage multiple is the ratio of total debt to a measure of cash flow or EBITDA — expressing how many years of earnings would theoretically repay the debt load.
- [Leveraged Buyout (LBO)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/leveraged-buyout-lbo.md): A leveraged buyout (LBO) is an acquisition financed primarily with debt, where a financial sponsor buys a company using the target's cash flows to service loans and equity investors capture upside after debt paydown.
- [Levered IRR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/levered-irr.md): Levered IRR is the internal rate of return on an investment calculated after debt — reflecting equity cash flows only, so it shows what sponsors or shareholders earned relative to their cash in and out.
- [LIBOR Transition](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/libor-transition.md): LIBOR transition is the global shift from London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) benchmarks to alternative reference rates like SOFR in new and legacy floating-rate loans and derivatives.
- [Lifetime Value (LTV)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ltv.md): Lifetime value (LTV) is the total gross profit or revenue a business expects from an average customer over the entire relationship — used with CAC to judge whether acquisition spending is economically sound.
- [Limited Partner (LP)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/limited-partner.md): A limited partner (LP) is an investor in a private fund — pension, endowment, family office, or fund of funds — who commits capital but does not manage investments; liability is limited to their commitment.
- [Limited Partner Advisory Committee](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/limited-partner-advisory-committee.md): A limited partner advisory committee (LPAC) is a small group of LP representatives that advises the GP on conflicts, valuations, extensions, and other matters defined in the fund documents — not a board of directors for the management company.
- [Limited Partner Commitment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/limited-partner-commitment.md): A limited partner commitment is the total amount an LP legally pledges to a fund over its life — called gradually through capital calls rather than wired on day one.
- [Limited Partnership Agreement (LPA)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/lpa.md): The limited partnership agreement (LPA) is the governing contract between a fund's general partner and limited partners — covering economics, governance, capital calls, distributions, and termination.
- [Liquid Token Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/liquid-token-fund.md): A liquid token fund is a crypto investment vehicle that holds publicly tradable tokens and can rebalance on exchanges — unlike locked venture-style token warrants or SAFT positions held until unlock.
- [Liquidation Preference](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/liquidation-preference.md): Liquidation preference is the right of preferred shareholders to receive a specified amount — often 1x their investment — before common shareholders receive proceeds in a sale, merger, or winding-up.
- [Liquidation Waterfall](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/liquidation-waterfall.md): A liquidation waterfall is the step-by-step order in which sale or dissolution proceeds flow to debt holders, preferred shareholders, and common — reflecting seniority, preferences, and participation terms.
- [Liquidity Crisis](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/liquidity-crisis.md): A liquidity crisis is a market-wide or company-specific period when cash is hard to raise, assets are hard to sell without steep discounts, and short-term obligations become difficult to meet.
- [Liquidity Event](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/liquidity-event.md): A liquidity event is any transaction that converts private equity into cash or tradable public stock for shareholders — typically an IPO, acquisition, secondary sale, or dividend recap.
- [Liquidity Program](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/liquidity-program.md): A liquidity program is a company- or sponsor-organized process that lets selected shareholders sell shares — often tender offers or coordinated secondaries — while the company stays private.
- [LLC vs C-Corp](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/llc-vs-c-corp.md): LLC vs C-Corp is the choice between a flexible pass-through limited liability company and a C corporation — the standard Delaware C-Corp is what US venture investors require for equity financings and QSBS benefits.
- [Lock-Up](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/lock-up.md): A lock-up is a contractual restriction preventing shareholders from selling shares for a set period — most famously after an IPO, when insiders agree not to trade for typically 90 to 180 days.
- [Lock-Up Period](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/lock-up-period.md): A lock-up period is the specific span of time — counted in days or months — during which certain shareholders are barred from selling after an IPO, merger, or token listing.
- [Locked Box (UK)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/locked-box-uk.md): Locked box (UK) is a deal structure where the buyer pays a fixed price for equity as of a historical balance sheet date — the "locked box" — with the seller bearing economic risk until closing and strict rules on cash leakage.
- [Locked-Box](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/locked-box.md): Locked-box is an acquisition pricing method where enterprise value is fixed at an agreed historical date, transferring economic benefit to the buyer from that date forward while the seller operates under anti-leakage rules until closing.
- [Lockup Escrow](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/lockup-escrow.md): Lockup escrow is an arrangement where shares or sale proceeds are held by a third party during a lock-up or earn-out period — released only when conditions or dates are met.
- [Logo Churn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/logo-churn.md): Logo churn measures the rate at which customers — counted by account or company logo — cancel or stop paying in a period, regardless of how much revenue they contributed.
- [Logo Expansion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/logo-expansion.md): Logo expansion is growth in the number of paying customer accounts — new logos acquired — as opposed to growing revenue from existing customers through upsell or seat growth.
- [Logo Retention](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/logo-retention.md): Logo retention is the share of customer accounts that remain active over a period — the inverse of logo churn — showing whether the business keeps relationships, not just revenue.
- [Loss Ratio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/loss-ratio.md): Loss ratio is the proportion of claims or losses paid relative to premiums collected — a core metric in insurance and insurtech — or more broadly, the share of capital lost on failed investments in a portfolio context.
- [LP Clawback](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/lp-clawback.md): LP clawback is the provision requiring general partners to return excess carried interest already distributed if later portfolio losses or fee calculations show LPs did not receive their agreed preferred return or capital back first.
- [LP Default](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/lp-default.md): LP default occurs when a limited partner fails to fund a capital call on time — triggering remedies such as interest penalties, forfeiture of future profits, forced sale of interest, or dilution of the LP's stake in the fund.
- [LP Secondary](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/lp-secondary.md): An LP secondary is a sale of an existing limited partner's stake in a private fund to another buyer, rather than a new capital commitment to the fund itself.
- [LP Transfer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/lp-transfer.md): An LP transfer is the assignment of a limited partner's fund interest to a new holder, subject to GP consent and terms in the limited partnership agreement.
- [LP-Led Secondary](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/lp-led-secondary.md): An LP-led secondary is a sale of fund interests initiated by limited partners seeking liquidity, typically priced against NAV and executed with GP awareness but driven by seller demand.
- [LPAC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/lpac.md): LPAC (Limited Partner Advisory Committee) is a small group of LPs selected to advise the GP on conflicts, valuations, and sensitive fund matters without binding authority over investment decisions.
- [LTV:CAC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ltv-cac.md): LTV:CAC is the ratio of customer lifetime value to customer acquisition cost, showing how much gross profit a customer generates relative to what you spent to win them.
- [Magic Number](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/magic-number.md): Magic Number is a SaaS sales-efficiency metric: net new ARR in a quarter divided by prior-quarter sales and marketing spend, showing how much recurring revenue each dollar of S&M generated.
- [Maintenance Covenant](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/maintenance-covenant.md): A maintenance covenant is a loan requirement that the borrower must keep financial ratios above or below set thresholds throughout the life of the debt, not just at closing.
- [Major Investor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/major-investor.md): Major Investor is a contractual threshold in startup financing documents: shareholders who hold at least a defined amount or percentage of stock gain extra information, pro rata, or consent rights.
- [Majority Investment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/majority-investment.md): A majority investment is when an investor acquires more than 50% of a company's equity, giving them control over shareholder votes and often board composition.
- [Majority Preferred Vote](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/majority-preferred-vote.md): Majority preferred vote is a charter or voting agreement rule requiring approval from holders of a majority of preferred shares—often by series—before the company can take certain actions.
- [Make-Whole](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/make-whole.md): Make-whole is a prepayment penalty in debt that compensates the lender for lost interest if the borrower repays early, often calculated as the present value of remaining scheduled payments.
- [Management Buy-In (MBI)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/management-buy-in-mbi.md): Management buy-in (MBI) is a transaction where an external management team joins and acquires a controlling stake in a company, often backed by private equity, replacing or supplementing incumbent leadership.
- [Management Buyout (MBO)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/management-buyout-mbo.md): Management buyout (MBO) is a transaction where a company's existing executive team acquires a controlling stake from current owners, often financed with private equity and debt.
- [Management Company](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/management-company.md): The management company is the legal entity that employs GP staff, charges management fees, and operates the venture or private equity firm day to day—separate from each fund limited partnership.
- [Management Fee](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/management-fee.md): Management fee is the annual charge LPs pay the GP—typically a percentage of committed or invested capital—to cover firm operating costs, distinct from carried interest on profits.
- [Management Fee During Harvest](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/management-fee-during-harvest.md): Management fee during harvest is the reduced or re-based fee LPs pay after a fund stops making new investments, while the GP manages portfolio companies toward exit.
- [Management Fee Offset](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/management-fee-offset.md): Management fee offset is an LPA provision requiring the GP to credit the fund—or reduce LPs' management fees—when portfolio companies pay transaction, monitoring, or director fees to the management company.
- [Management Incentive Plan (MIP)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/management-incentive-plan-mip.md): A management incentive plan (MIP) is equity or profit-sharing reserved for operating executives in a buyout or PE-backed company, vesting on performance and exit to align management with sponsors.
- [Mandatory Offer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/mandatory-offer.md): A mandatory offer is a legal requirement—common in some European jurisdictions—that an acquirer who crosses a ownership threshold must bid for remaining shares on regulated terms.
- [Margin (Debt)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/margin-debt.md): In debt finance, margin is the spread above a reference rate—such as SOFR—that a borrower pays on a loan, expressed in basis points as the lender's pricing for credit risk.
- [Margin Expansion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/margin-expansion.md): Margin expansion is an increase in a company's profit margin over time—usually gross or EBITDA margin—often cited as evidence of scale, pricing power, or operational efficiency.
- [Mark-Down](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/mark-down.md): Mark-down is lowering the reported carrying value of an investment on a fund's books—typically when a portfolio company's fair value has fallen since the last reporting period.
- [Mark-to-Market](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/mark-to-market.md): Mark-to-market is valuing assets at current fair value rather than historical cost—standard for fund portfolio reporting and for adjusting holdings to observable market prices.
- [Mark-Up](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/mark-up.md): Mark-up is increasing the reported carrying value of a portfolio investment when fair value has risen—often after an up round, strong operating results, or higher public comps.
- [Market Risk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/market-risk.md): Market risk is the potential for investment losses from broad market movements—interest rates, equity prices, sector sentiment—not from a single company's operations alone.
- [Marketing Period](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/marketing-period.md): Marketing period is the window in an M&A or fund-raise process when bankers or GPs actively shop a deal to potential buyers or LPs before binding commitments close.
- [Marketplace Take Rate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/marketplace-take-rate.md): Marketplace take rate is the percentage of gross merchandise value (GMV) or transaction volume a platform keeps as revenue—the platform's cut for matching buyers and sellers.
- [Master-Feeder](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/master-feeder.md): Master-feeder is a fund structure where one master fund holds investments and separate feeder funds pool capital from different investor types (US taxable, offshore, ERISA) into that master.
- [Material Adverse Change (MAC)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/material-adverse-change-mac.md): Material adverse change (MAC) is a contract clause allowing a buyer to walk away from a deal if the target suffers a significant negative change in business, assets, or prospects before closing.
- [Maturity Wall](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/maturity-wall.md): Maturity wall is a concentration of debt principal coming due in the same period, creating refinancing risk if markets are closed or company performance is weak.
- [MAU](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/mau.md): MAU (monthly active users) counts distinct users who engage with a product at least once in a calendar month—a standard traction metric for consumer and product-led businesses.
- [Maximum Ownership](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/maximum-ownership.md): Maximum ownership is a cap—often in fund charter or LP agreement—on how large a single portfolio position or investor stake may grow as a percentage of fund assets or company equity.
- [Merger](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/merger.md): A merger combines two companies into one legal entity or parent structure—common exit path when a strategic or financial buyer acquires a startup via stock-for-stock or cash merger.
- [Metrics Dashboard](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/metrics-dashboard.md): A metrics dashboard is a consolidated view of key business KPIs—often updated weekly or monthly—for founders, boards, and investors to track performance against plan.
- [Mezzanine Debt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/mezzanine-debt.md): Mezzanine debt is subordinated debt sitting between senior bank debt and equity—higher yield, fewer covenants than bank debt, often with warrants or conversion features.
- [Mezzanine Financing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/mezzanine-financing.md): Mezzanine financing is capital provided through subordinated debt and equity-linked instruments—warrants or conversions—used to fund growth or buyouts without full equity dilution upfront.
- [Mezzanine Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/mezzanine-fund.md): A mezzanine fund is a pooled investment vehicle that specializes in subordinated debt and equity-linked instruments for buyouts, recapitalizations, and mature growth companies.
- [MFN on SAFE](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/safe-mfn.md): MFN on a SAFE is a most-favored-nation clause letting an early SAFE holder adopt better terms from a later SAFE round—typically lower valuation cap or better discount—without renegotiating separately.
- [Micro-VC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/micro-vc.md): Micro-VC is a venture fund that invests smaller checks at earlier stages—often pre-seed and seed—with fund sizes typically well below traditional institutional VC funds.
- [Mid-Market Buyout](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/mid-market-buyout.md): Mid-market buyout is acquisition of a controlling stake in a company below large-cap PE scale—typically using leveraged financing and operational value creation by a financial sponsor.
- [Minimum Check Size](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/minimum-check-size.md): Minimum check size is the smallest investment amount a fund or angel syndicate will deploy in a single deal, reflecting fund economics and diligence capacity.
- [Minority Investment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/minority-investment.md): Minority investment is purchasing less than a controlling stake—typical in venture rounds where investors take preferred stock without majority voting control.
- [Moat](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/moat.md): A moat is a durable competitive advantage that makes a business hard to copy or displace—through network effects, switching costs, scale, brand, or proprietary assets—so profits can persist after competitors arrive.
- [MOIC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/moic.md): MOIC (multiple on invested capital) measures how many times an investment's current or realized value exceeds the original amount invested—expressed as a ratio such as 3.0x on $1M invested.
- [Monetization](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/monetization.md): Monetization is how a company turns product usage, attention, or data into revenue—through subscriptions, transaction fees, advertising, licensing, or other pricing models that customers actually pay.
- [Monthly Reporting](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/monthly-reporting.md): Monthly reporting is the regular package founders send investors—typically KPIs, financials, cash runway, and key updates—so board members and lead VCs can monitor progress between formal board meetings.
- [Most Favored Nation (MFN)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/most-favored-nation.md): Most Favored Nation (MFN) is a contract clause giving one party the same—or better—economic terms than any later party receives in a similar deal, so early investors or LPs are not permanently stuck with worse pricing.
- [MQL](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/mql.md): MQL (marketing qualified lead) is a prospect that marketing has scored as fit and engaged enough—through firmographics, intent signals, or actions like a demo request—to hand off to sales for outreach.
- [MRR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/mrr.md): MRR (monthly recurring revenue) is the normalized monthly value of active subscription contracts—excluding one-time fees—so SaaS and subscription businesses can track recurring revenue growth and churn in comparable units.
- [Multi-Homing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/multi-homing.md): Multi-homing is when users or suppliers participate on several competing platforms at once—driving for both Uber and Lyft, or listing inventory on multiple marketplaces—reducing lock-in and weakening network effects.
- [Multi-Stage Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/multi-stage-fund.md): A multi-stage fund invests across several company life cycles — from seed or Series A through growth and sometimes pre-IPO — rather than specializing in a single stage.
- [Multi-Year Deal](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/multi-year-deal.md): A multi-year deal is a commercial contract — often in enterprise software — where a customer commits to pay over two or more years, typically with upfront or annual billing.
- [Multiple Arbitrage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/multiple-arbitrage.md): Multiple arbitrage is a buyout strategy where a sponsor buys companies at one valuation multiple and hopes to sell the combined or improved business at a higher multiple — capturing value from the gap, not just operational growth.
- [Multiple Expansion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/multiple-expansion.md): Multiple expansion is when a company's valuation multiple — such as price-to-revenue or EV/EBITDA — increases between entry and exit, boosting returns beyond what earnings or revenue growth alone would produce.
- [Multiple Liquidation Preference](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/multiple-liquidation-preference.md): Multiple liquidation preference gives preferred shareholders the right to receive a multiple of their invested capital — such as 2x or 3x — before common shareholders receive proceeds in an exit or liquidation.
- [MVP](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/mvp.md): MVP — minimum viable product — is the smallest version of a product that delivers core value to real users so a team can test demand, learn, and iterate before building full features.
- [NAV](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/nav.md): NAV — net asset value — is the estimated value of a fund's portfolio minus liabilities, usually expressed per unit or per limited partner commitment share.
- [NAV Facility](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/nav-facility.md): A NAV facility is a credit line secured by a fund's net asset value — allowing the GP to borrow against the portfolio to fund operations, follow-ons, or LP distributions before cash exits arrive.
- [NAV Lending](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/nav-lending.md): NAV lending is the practice of extending credit to funds or investors using net asset value — the marked value of portfolio holdings — as primary collateral.
- [NDA](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/nda.md): An NDA — non-disclosure agreement — is a legal contract where parties agree not to share or use confidential information disclosed during discussions, diligence, or partnership talks.
- [Negative Churn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/negative-churn.md): Negative churn occurs when revenue expansion from existing customers — upsells, cross-sells, and seat growth — exceeds revenue lost from churn and downsells, so the retained cohort grows in value over time.
- [Negative Covenants](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/negative-covenants.md): Negative covenants are contract clauses that restrict a borrower or company from taking certain actions — such as incurring more debt, selling assets, or paying dividends — without lender or investor consent.
- [Net Burn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/net-burn.md): Net burn is the amount of cash a company loses each month after subtracting revenue and other inflows from operating outflows — the figure that directly determines runway.
- [Net Debt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/net-debt.md): Net debt is total interest-bearing debt minus cash and cash equivalents — a snapshot of how much debt the company truly carries after available liquidity is applied.
- [Net Revenue](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/net-revenue.md): Net revenue is gross revenue minus returns, discounts, refunds, and sometimes taxes or pass-through fees — the amount the company actually retains from sales.
- [Net Revenue Retention (NRR)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/net-revenue-retention-nrr.md): Net revenue retention (NRR) measures how much recurring revenue from an existing customer cohort changes over a period — including expansion, contraction, and churn — expressed as a percentage of starting ARR.
- [Net Working Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/net-working-capital.md): Net working capital is current assets minus current liabilities — a measure of short-term liquidity and the cash tied up in day-to-day operations like inventory, receivables, and payables.
- [Network Effects](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/network-effects.md): Network effects occur when a product or service becomes more valuable as more people use it — each new user increases utility for existing users, creating a self-reinforcing growth loop.
- [No-Fault Divorce](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/no-fault-divorce.md): No-fault divorce in fund documents allows limited partners to remove or replace a general partner — or terminate the fund's investment period — without proving misconduct, usually via a supermajority LP vote.
- [No-Shop](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/no-shop.md): A no-shop clause restricts a company — usually during term sheet exclusivity or M&A — from soliciting or accepting competing offers for a defined period without the counterparty's consent.
- [Non-Compete](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/non-compete.md): A non-compete is a contractual restriction that limits a person or company from starting or joining a competing business for a specified time and geographic or market scope after a relationship ends.
- [Non-Control Investment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/non-control-investment.md): A non-control investment is a minority stake where the investor does not hold majority voting power or operational control — typical of venture capital and most growth equity checks.
- [Non-Dilutive Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/non-dilutive-capital.md): Non-dilutive capital is funding that does not require giving up equity ownership — such as grants, revenue-based financing, venture debt, or tax credits — though it may carry repayment, covenants, or use restrictions.
- [Non-Participating Preferred](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/non-participating-preferred.md): Non-participating preferred gives investors the greater of their liquidation preference (usually 1x invested capital) or their as-converted common value — but not both — in an exit or liquidation.
- [Non-Solicit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/non-solicit.md): A non-solicit agreement restricts a departing party from recruiting or soliciting business from a former employer's employees, customers, or vendors for a defined period.
- [Non-Voting Shares](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/non-voting-shares.md): Non-voting shares are equity classes that carry economic ownership — dividends and exit proceeds — but no or limited voting rights on corporate matters such as board elections or charter amendments.
- [Nontraditional Investor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/nontraditional-investor.md): A nontraditional investor is a capital provider outside classic venture partnerships — such as corporate venture arms, hedge funds, family offices, sovereign wealth funds, or crossover public investors — participating in private company rounds.
- [North Star Metric](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/north-star-metric.md): A north star metric is the single core measure that best captures the value a product delivers to customers — aligning teams on what growth or improvement most drives long-term success.
- [Note Conversion Math](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/note-conversion-math.md): Note conversion math is the calculation that determines how many shares a convertible note or SAFE converts into at a priced equity round — applying valuation cap, discount, and interest accrual rules.
- [NPS](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/nps.md): NPS — Net Promoter Score — measures customer loyalty by asking how likely users are to recommend a product on a 0–10 scale, then subtracting detractors from promoters.
- [NRR Bridge](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/nrr-bridge.md): An NRR bridge is a waterfall chart or table that decomposes net revenue retention from starting ARR to ending ARR — showing churn, contraction, expansion, and sometimes new-logo effects separately.
- [NSO](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/nso.md): NSO — non-qualified stock option — is an employee stock option that does not meet ISO tax requirements, so exercise typically triggers ordinary income tax on the spread between strike price and fair market value.
- [NSO Tax](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/nso-tax.md): NSO tax is the ordinary income and payroll tax liability triggered when a holder exercises non-qualified stock options on the spread between fair market value at exercise and the strike price.
- [Nth-of-a-Kind (NOAK)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/nth-of-a-kind-noak.md): Nth-of-a-Kind (NOAK) refers to a commercial-scale deployment that repeats a proven First-of-a-Kind (FOAK) design — reducing technology and construction risk relative to the initial unit.
- [OEM](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/oem.md): OEM — original equipment manufacturer — makes components or products that another company brands, bundles, or integrates into its own offering, often in hardware, automotive, and enterprise supply chains.
- [OFAC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ofac.md): OFAC — the U.S. Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control — administers economic sanctions programs that restrict transactions with designated countries, entities, and individuals.
- [Offer Letter](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/offer-letter.md): An offer letter is a formal document outlining employment terms — role, compensation, start date, equity grant summary, and at-will status — before or alongside definitive employment agreements.
- [Offshore Feeder](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/offshore-feeder.md): An offshore feeder is a non-U.S. fund vehicle — often in the Cayman Islands or similar jurisdictions — that pools international or tax-sensitive LPs into a main fund or parallel structure.
- [Offtake Agreement](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/offtake-agreement.md): An offtake agreement is a contract where a buyer commits to purchase future output from a project or facility — often at a defined price or formula — providing revenue visibility for lenders and investors.
- [OID](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/oid.md): OID — original issue discount — is the difference between a debt instrument's face value at maturity and its lower issue price, treated as interest income that accrues over the life of the loan for tax and accounting.
- [OKR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/okr.md): OKR — objectives and key results — is a goal-setting framework where teams define qualitative objectives and measure progress with specific, time-bound key results.
- [On-Chain Revenue](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/on-chain-revenue.md): On-chain revenue is protocol or application income recorded and settled on a blockchain — visible in public ledger data rather than only in off-chain accounting systems.
- [Onboarding](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/onboarding.md): Onboarding is the process of guiding new users or employees from signup or hire to productive first use — covering setup, training, and early success milestones.
- [Opco](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/opco.md): Opco — operating company — is the entity that runs day-to-day business operations, distinct from a holding company (Holdco) or asset-owning parent in corporate structures.
- [Open Source Risk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/open-source-risk.md): Open source risk is the legal, competitive, and maintenance exposure from building on or distributing open-source software — including license obligations, copyleft triggers, and community dependency.
- [Operating Expense](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/operating-expense.md): Operating expense (OpEx) is the ongoing cost of running a business — payroll, rent, software, marketing, and admin — excluding capital expenditures and non-operating items like interest and taxes.
- [Operating Margin](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/operating-margin.md): Operating margin is operating income divided by revenue — showing what percentage of sales remains after cost of goods sold and operating expenses, before interest and taxes.
- [Operating Partner](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/operating-partner.md): An operating partner is a senior advisor at a investment firm — often a former CEO or functional executive — who works with portfolio companies on operations, hiring, go-to-market, or M&A without being a full investing partner.
- [Operating Partner Model](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/operating-partner-model.md): The operating partner model is an investment firm structure that embeds experienced operators alongside deal partners to drive portfolio company improvement — central to many PE and platform VC strategies.
- [Operating Plan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/operating-plan.md): An operating plan is a forward-looking budget and milestone document — usually quarterly or annual — that maps revenue targets, hiring, expenses, and capital needs for running the business.
- [Operational Improvement](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/operational-improvement.md): Operational improvement is the work of making a company's day-to-day operations run faster, cheaper, or more reliably without changing the core product. In venture and buyout investing, it is often a lever for margin expansion after a deal closes.
- [Opex](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/opex.md): Opex (operating expenses) is the ongoing cost of running a business—payroll, rent, software, marketing, and admin—excluding large one-time capital purchases. It shows up on the income statement and directly affects burn rate and runway.
- [Opportunity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/opportunity.md): In venture capital, an opportunity is a potential investment—a company, deal, or market opening that a firm is evaluating or could pursue. It sits in the pipeline before a partner meeting, term sheet, or pass.
- [Opportunity Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/opportunity-fund.md): An opportunity fund is a separate pool of capital a VC or PE firm raises to invest outside its main fund—often in follow-ons, competitive rounds, or deals that exceed the primary fund's check size or concentration limits.
- [Option Impact Analysis](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/option-impact-analysis.md): Option impact analysis is the modeling work that shows how stock options and the option pool change ownership percentages for founders, investors, and employees in a financing or exit scenario.
- [Option Overhang](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/option-overhang.md): Option overhang is the gap between shares reserved or granted under a company's equity plan and shares that have actually been issued upon exercise—unexercised options that still count in fully diluted ownership.
- [Option Pool](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/option-pool.md): An option pool is a block of shares set aside in a company's equity plan to grant stock options or RSUs to employees, advisors, and sometimes directors. It is a standard part of startup cap tables and round negotiations.
- [Option Pool Refresh](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/option-pool-refresh.md): An option pool refresh is the increase of a company's employee equity pool, usually approved by the board and often tied to a new funding round, so the company can grant options to future hires.
- [Option Pool Shuffle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/option-pool-shuffle.md): An option pool shuffle is a cap table maneuver where the employee option pool is increased before new investor money is calculated, so the dilution from the pool expansion falls on existing shareholders—not the incoming investors.
- [Ordinary Shares](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ordinary-shares.md): Ordinary shares are the standard common stock of a company—the basic equity class held by founders and employees, with voting rights and residual claim on assets after debt and preferred stock are paid.
- [Organic Acquisition](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/organic-acquisition.md): Organic acquisition is customer growth earned through product, brand, word of mouth, and unpaid channels—not through paid ads or bought user lists. Investors contrast it with paid acquisition to judge growth quality and sustainability.
- [Original Issue Discount](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/original-issue-discount.md): Original issue discount (OID) is the difference between a debt instrument's face value and the lower price at which it is sold to investors, treated as interest income over the life of the note for tax and accounting purposes.
- [Origination](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/origination.md): Origination is the process of finding and creating investment opportunities—deals that enter a VC or PE firm's pipeline before diligence and partnership approval.
- [Outstanding Options](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/outstanding-options.md): Outstanding options are stock options that have been granted to employees or others but not yet exercised or cancelled—they represent potential future shares and count toward fully diluted ownership.
- [Oversubscription](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/oversubscription.md): Oversubscription occurs when investors commit more capital than a fund or company offering originally targeted—demand exceeds the available allocation.
- [Ownership Percentage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ownership-percentage.md): Ownership percentage is the share of a company's equity held by a founder, investor, or employee—usually stated on a basic or fully diluted basis after accounting for options and convertible securities.
- [Ownership Target](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ownership-target.md): An ownership target is the percentage of a company a venture investor aims to hold after investing—driven by fund size, check size, conviction, and portfolio construction rules.
- [Ownership Walk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ownership-walk.md): An ownership walk is a cap table projection showing how a founder's or investor's ownership percentage changes across future financing rounds, pool refreshes, and optional follow-on participation.
- [Paid Acquisition](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/paid-acquisition.md): Paid acquisition is customer growth driven by spending on advertising, sponsorships, affiliates, or other channels where you pay directly for reach, clicks, or installs.
- [Paid-In Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/paid-in-capital.md): Paid-in capital is the cumulative amount LPs have actually contributed to a fund after capital calls—committed money that has been wired, not merely promised.
- [Paper Gain](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/paper-gain.md): A paper gain is an unrealized increase in the value of an investment on paper—marked up in a portfolio or cap table but not yet converted to cash through a sale, IPO, or secondary.
- [Par](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/par.md): Par is the face or nominal value assigned to a share or bond—often a legal accounting figure that may differ from what investors actually pay or what the security is worth in the market.
- [Parallel Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/parallel-fund.md): A parallel fund is a companion investment vehicle raised alongside a main fund to accommodate different investor types—often tax, regulatory, or currency needs—while investing pro rata in the same deals.
- [Pari Passu](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pari-passu.md): Pari passu is a Latin term meaning on equal footing—used in finance to describe claims or payments that rank equally with no priority over one another.
- [Pari Passu Debt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pari-passu-debt.md): Pari passu debt is loan or bond debt that ranks equally with other specified debt in repayment priority—no tranche gets paid ahead of the others in the same class.
- [Partial Exit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/partial-exit.md): A partial exit is when an investor or founder sells some—but not all—of their stake in a company, realizing cash while retaining exposure to future upside.
- [Participating Preferred](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/participating-preferred.md): Participating preferred is a preferred stock structure where investors first receive their liquidation preference and then also share in remaining proceeds with common stock as if they had converted—double-dipping relative to non-participating preferred.
- [Partner Meeting](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/partner-meeting.md): A partner meeting is the internal session where venture firm partners discuss a deal and decide whether to proceed—often the gate between diligence and a term sheet or pass.
- [Partnership Expenses](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/partnership-expenses.md): Partnership expenses are the operating costs of running a VC or PE fund partnership—legal, accounting, admin, and sometimes travel—often paid from committed capital per the limited partnership agreement.
- [Party Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/party-round.md): A party round is a startup financing with many small investors and often no single lead—numerous angels, micro-VCs, or syndicate members each writing modest checks instead of one anchor setting terms.
- [Pass](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pass.md): A pass is a venture investor's decision not to pursue an investment after review—declining to offer a term sheet while often giving brief feedback or none at all.
- [Patent Portfolio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/patent-portfolio.md): A patent portfolio is the collection of patents and pending applications a company owns or licenses—used to protect technology, support licensing, and signal defensibility in diligence.
- [Pay-to-Play](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pay-to-play.md): Pay-to-play is a provision that penalizes investors who do not participate in a future financing—often converting their preferred to common or losing anti-dilution protection if they skip their pro rata.
- [Pay-to-Play Forced Conversion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pay-to-play-forced-conversion.md): Pay-to-play forced conversion is the automatic downgrade of an investor's preferred stock to common when they fail to participate in a qualifying financing under pay-to-play rules.
- [Pay-to-Play Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pay-to-play-round.md): A pay-to-play round is a financing structured so existing investors must participate pro rata—or accept punitive conversion—while new money often comes from insiders or new leads on revised terms.
- [Payback Period](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/payback-period.md): Payback period is the time it takes for cumulative gross profit from a customer or cohort to equal the cost of acquiring that customer— a core unit economics metric for paid growth businesses.
- [Payment-in-Kind (PIK)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/payment-in-kind-pik.md): Payment-in-kind (PIK) is interest or dividends paid by issuing additional securities rather than cash—accruing obligation that compounds until repayment or conversion.
- [Pension Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pension-fund.md): A pension fund is an institutional pool that invests contributions to pay retirement benefits—often an LP in venture and private equity through fund commitments seeking long-term returns.
- [Performance Fee](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/performance-fee.md): A performance fee is compensation tied to investment results— in venture, carried interest paid to the GP when returns exceed hurdles after returning LP capital.
- [Performance Marketing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/performance-marketing.md): Performance marketing is advertising paid based on measurable outcomes—clicks, leads, installs, or purchases—rather than broad brand exposure alone.
- [Permanent Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/permanent-capital.md): Permanent capital is investment money without a fixed fund life or mandatory return deadline—investors or vehicles that can hold assets indefinitely rather than liquidating a fund by a target date.
- [Persona](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/persona.md): A persona is a structured profile of a target customer segment—demographics, role, goals, pains, and buying behavior—used to focus product, marketing, and sales in startups and diligence.
- [Personal Guarantee](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/personal-guarantee.md): A personal guarantee is a founder's or executive's promise to repay company debt with personal assets if the business defaults—common in bank loans and some venture debt, rare in pure equity VC.
- [Piggyback Rights](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/piggyback-rights.md): Piggyback rights (tag-along rights) let minority shareholders sell a pro-rata portion of their shares alongside a major shareholder in a private sale—joining the exit on the same terms.
- [PIIA](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/piia.md): A PIIA (proprietary information and inventions assignment agreement) is a contract where employees assign company-related inventions and IP to the employer and agree to confidentiality obligations.
- [PIK Interest](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pik-interest.md): PIK interest is interest on a loan that accrues to the principal balance or is paid with additional debt securities instead of cash—compounding the amount owed over time.
- [PIPE](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pipe.md): A PIPE (private investment in public equity) is a sale of newly issued or secondary shares to private investors, usually at a discount, by a company that is already public or about to go public via SPAC or reverse merger.
- [Pipeline](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pipeline.md): Pipeline is the set of active deals, prospects, or opportunities a VC firm or sales team is tracking through stages toward a close—investments for funds, customers for startups.
- [Pipeline Coverage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pipeline-coverage.md): Pipeline coverage is the ratio of weighted pipeline value to a target—commonly sales quota for startups or deployment goals for investors—showing whether enough opportunities exist to hit the plan.
- [Pitch Deck](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pitch-deck.md): A pitch deck is a concise slide presentation founders use to explain their company to investors—problem, solution, market, traction, team, and ask—usually shared before or during fundraising meetings.
- [Pivot](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pivot.md): A pivot is a deliberate change in a startup's product, customer segment, or business model after learning that the original plan is not working well enough to scale.
- [Plan Asset](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/plan-asset.md): A plan asset is equity held in an employee benefit plan—typically an ESOP or retirement plan—that a buyer or lender treats as a distinct ownership block in deal structuring and diligence.
- [Plan Limit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/plan-limit.md): A plan limit is the maximum number of shares or dollar value authorized under an equity incentive plan—options, RSUs, or other awards—that the company can grant without amending the plan.
- [Platform Biotech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/platform-biotech.md): Platform biotech is a life-sciences company built around a reusable scientific or technical engine—gene editing, delivery, or discovery tools—that can generate multiple drug programs, not just one asset.
- [Platform Company](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/platform-company.md): A platform company creates value by enabling other businesses or developers to build on top of its core product—marketplaces, APIs, or ecosystems—rather than selling only a single linear product.
- [Platform Risk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/platform-risk.md): Platform risk is the danger that a startup's business depends too heavily on a third-party platform—app stores, ad networks, or marketplaces—that can change rules, fees, or access without warning.
- [Platform Strategy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/platform-strategy.md): Platform strategy is the deliberate plan to grow a business by attracting and coordinating third-party participants—developers, partners, or supply-side users—so the core product becomes more valuable as the ecosystem expands.
- [PLG](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/plg.md): PLG—product-led growth—is a go-to-market model where the product itself drives acquisition, activation, and expansion, often through free trials, freemium tiers, or self-serve signup before sales involvement.
- [PMF Survey](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pmf-survey.md): A PMF survey is a short customer questionnaire—popularized by Sean Ellis—that asks how disappointed users would be if the product disappeared, helping teams measure product-market fit with a simple benchmark.
- [Portfolio Company](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/portfolio-company.md): A portfolio company is a startup or private business in which a VC fund, PE firm, or corporate venture arm holds an equity investment and typically provides ongoing governance or operational support.
- [Portfolio Construction](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/portfolio-construction.md): Portfolio construction is how a VC fund plans the mix of investments—number of deals, stage, sector, ownership targets, and reserve allocation—to balance risk and pursue power-law returns.
- [Portfolio Support](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/portfolio-support.md): Portfolio support is the non-capital help a VC firm provides portfolio companies—recruiting, customer intros, operational advice, and follow-on advocacy—beyond writing the initial check.
- [Portfolio Theory (VC)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/portfolio-theory-vc.md): Portfolio theory in VC is the investment logic that venture returns follow a power law—most companies fail or return modestly, while a few outliers drive fund performance—so funds diversify bets rather than concentrate like public-market portfolios.
- [Post-Close Integration](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/post-close-integration.md): Post-close integration is the work after an acquisition closes to combine systems, teams, products, and reporting—turning two organizations into one operating entity.
- [Post-Exit Ownership](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/post-exit-ownership.md): Post-exit ownership is the equity stake founders, employees, and investors retain after a liquidity event—often in the form of rolled equity, earnouts, or public stock—rather than fully cashing out at close.
- [Post-Merger Integration (PMI)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/post-merger-integration-pmi.md): Post-merger integration (PMI) is the structured process of combining two companies after a merger or acquisition—aligning leadership, operations, culture, and financial reporting to capture deal rationale.
- [Post-Money Ownership](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/post-money-ownership.md): Post-money ownership is an investor's or founder's percentage of a company after new capital is added—calculated against post-money fully diluted shares including the new round and option pool.
- [Post-Money SAFE](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/post-money-safe.md): A post-money SAFE is a Y Combinator-style investment contract where the investor's ownership at conversion is calculated against a defined post-money valuation cap—not pre-money fully diluted shares—giving founders clearer dilution math.
- [Post-Money Valuation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/post-money-valuation.md): Post-money valuation is a company's implied value immediately after a financing—the pre-money valuation plus new investment amount—used to calculate investor ownership in VC rounds.
- [Power Law](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/power-law.md): Power law describes the return distribution in venture capital where a small number of investments generate the vast majority of fund profits, while most deals return little or zero.
- [Pre-Money Ownership](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pre-money-ownership.md): Pre-money ownership is each stakeholder's percentage of a company immediately before a new financing closes—before new shares and option pool increases from the round are issued.
- [Pre-Money SAFE](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pre-money-safe.md): A pre-money SAFE is an early Y Combinator-style investment contract where conversion ownership is calculated from pre-money fully diluted capitalization—making stacked SAFEs harder to model until a priced round.
- [Pre-Money Valuation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pre-money-valuation.md): Pre-money valuation is the agreed value of a company immediately before new investment closes—the baseline from which post-money valuation and investor ownership are derived.
- [Pre-Seed](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pre-seed.md): Pre-seed is the earliest institutional or organized funding stage—often before product-market fit—where founders raise small checks from angels, pre-seed funds, or accelerators to reach initial milestones.
- [Pre-Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pre-series-a.md): Pre-Series A is an intermediate financing round—often labeled seed extension or Series A prep—where a company raises capital after initial seed to hit metrics required for a larger Series A priced round.
- [Precedent Transaction](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/precedent-transaction.md): A precedent transaction is a comparable past M&A or investment deal used to benchmark valuation, multiples, or deal terms for a current negotiation.
- [Preemptive Rights](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/preemptive-rights.md): Preemptive rights give existing shareholders the opportunity to buy new shares before the company offers them to outside investors—protecting ownership from dilution in future issuances.
- [Preference Shares (UK)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/preference-shares-uk.md): Preference shares in UK corporate law are equity shares with preferential rights—often on dividends, capital return, or liquidation—commonly used in venture rounds alongside ordinary shares.
- [Preference Stack](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/preference-stack.md): The preference stack is the ordered set of preferred equity classes—by seniority—determining who gets paid first and how much in a liquidity event before common shareholders receive proceeds.
- [Preference Stack Modeling](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/preference-stack-modeling.md): Preference stack modeling is the spreadsheet or software analysis of how exit proceeds distribute across preferred classes and common—testing outcomes at different sale prices and structure scenarios.
- [Preferred Equity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/preferred-equity.md): Preferred equity is an ownership class with contractual preferences over common equity—typically liquidation priority, dividend terms, and protective voting rights—standard in venture and PE investments.
- [Preferred Return](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/preferred-return.md): Preferred return is a contractual hurdle rate—common in private equity and real estate—where LPs receive a set annual return on invested capital before the GP shares in profits via carry.
- [Preferred Stock](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/preferred-stock.md): Preferred stock is the standard U.S. venture investment security—equity with liquidation preferences, anti-dilution protection, and protective provisions that sit above common stock in exit waterfalls.
- [Prepayment Penalty](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/prepayment-penalty.md): A prepayment penalty is a fee or premium charged when a borrower repays debt early—compensating lenders for lost interest—and appears in some venture debt and private credit agreements.
- [Price Elasticity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/price-elasticity.md): Price elasticity measures how sensitive customer demand is to price changes—elastic demand drops sharply when prices rise; inelastic demand stays relatively stable.
- [Price Per Share](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/price-per-share.md): Price per share is the dollar amount paid for one share in a financing—calculated from pre-money valuation divided by fully diluted pre-money shares, setting ownership and option strike context.
- [Price Protection](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/price-protection.md): Price protection is anti-dilution protection for preferred investors—adjusting conversion price or issuing extra shares if a later round prices below their entry—to preserve economic value in down rounds.
- [Price Round Math](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/price-round-math.md): Price round math is the cap table arithmetic for a priced equity financing—linking pre-money valuation, investment amount, fully diluted shares, and price per share to ownership outcomes.
- [Priced Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/priced-round.md): A priced round is an equity financing where investors purchase preferred stock at a fixed valuation—establishing price per share—unlike SAFEs or convertible notes that defer pricing.
- [Pricing Initiative](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pricing-initiative.md): A pricing initiative is a deliberate company project to change list prices, packaging, or discount policy—often to improve margins, align value capture, or respond to market conditions.
- [Pricing Power](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pricing-power.md): Pricing power is a company's ability to raise prices or maintain margins without losing customers disproportionately—reflecting strong value, switching costs, or market position.
- [Primary Fund Commitment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/primary-fund-commitment.md): A primary fund commitment is an LP's pledged capital to a new venture or private equity fund—called over time via capital calls—rather than buying existing fund interests on the secondary market.
- [Primary Investment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/primary-investment.md): Primary investment is capital deployed directly into a company—buying newly issued shares in a financing—rather than purchasing existing shares from other shareholders in a secondary transaction.
- [Private Credit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/private-credit.md): Private credit is non-bank lending to private companies—direct loans, venture debt, and structured credit—offering capital with contractual returns distinct from equity venture investing.
- [Private Equity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/private-equity.md): Private equity is investment in mature private companies—often via control buyouts, growth equity, or roll-ups—using capital structures and operational playbooks distinct from early-stage venture capital.
- [Private Markets](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/private-markets.md): Private markets are the universe of investments in companies not listed on public exchanges—including venture capital, private equity, private credit, and secondary transactions in unlisted equity.
- [Private Placement Memorandum (PPM)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ppm.md): A Private Placement Memorandum (PPM) is a legal disclosure document GPs provide to prospective LPs when raising a fund—outlining strategy, risks, fees, and terms of the offering.
- [Pro-Rata Rights](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/pro-rata.md): Pro-rata rights give an existing investor the option to invest in a future financing in proportion to their current ownership—helping them maintain their stake instead of being diluted.
- [Process Letter](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/process-letter.md): A process letter is a formal communication from a seller or banker outlining timelines, bidding rules, and submission requirements for an M&A or fundraising process—guiding participants through diligence and offers.
- [Procurement Cycle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/procurement-cycle.md): Procurement cycle is the end-to-end process enterprise buyers follow to evaluate, approve, purchase, and renew vendor products—often spanning security review, legal, and budget sign-off.
- [Procurement Savings](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/procurement-savings.md): Procurement savings are measurable cost reductions achieved by negotiating better supplier terms, consolidating vendors, or redesigning how a company buys goods and services. In venture and growth investing, they often appear as a post-investment value-creation lever rather than a product feature.
- [Product-Market Fit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/product-market-fit.md): Product-market fit means a product satisfies strong, repeatable demand in a defined market — customers pull the product, retention holds, and growth becomes easier to fuel than to force. It is the milestone investors look for before scaling spend aggressively.
- [Project Finance](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/project-finance.md): Project finance is non-recourse or limited-recourse funding structured around a specific asset or project, where lenders and investors rely on the project's cash flows and collateral rather than the sponsor's full balance sheet. It is common in infrastructure, energy, and large real assets — less common in classic VC-backed software.
- [Promotion Grant](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/promotion-grant.md): A promotion grant is an equity award — usually stock options or RSUs — given when an employee is promoted to a higher role or level. It refreshes ownership so compensation stays aligned with expanded scope and market benchmarks.
- [Proof of Concept](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/proof-of-concept.md): A proof of concept (POC) is a small, focused demonstration that a product idea or technical approach can work in real conditions — not a finished product, but enough evidence to justify further investment or a pilot contract.
- [Proprietary Deal Flow](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/proprietary-deal-flow.md): Proprietary deal flow refers to investment opportunities a firm sources through its own network, reputation, and outreach — not widely shopped rounds where every fund sees the same deck at the same time. The label signals differentiation in sourcing, though true exclusivity is rare.
- [Prospectus](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/prospectus.md): A prospectus is a formal disclosure document that describes a securities offering — business, risks, financials, and terms — so investors can decide whether to buy. In venture, founders more often see prospectuses in IPOs or registered fund offerings than in private SAFE rounds.
- [Protective Provisions](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/protective-provisions.md): Protective provisions are charter or contract clauses that require preferred stockholder approval — often a majority of a specific series — before the company can take certain major actions. They give investors veto power over decisions that could harm their economic or control position.
- [Protective Vote](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/protective-vote.md): A protective vote is the investor approval required under protective provisions before a company may take a listed major action. It is the actual vote — or written consent — of enough preferred shares to satisfy the charter threshold.
- [Protocol Revenue](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/protocol-revenue.md): Protocol revenue is income earned by a blockchain protocol — typically from transaction fees, spreads, mint/burn fees, or a share of activity routed through smart contracts — often before or alongside token incentives to participants.
- [Public Benefit Corporation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/public-benefit-corporation.md): A public benefit corporation (PBC) is a for-profit corporate form that legally commits directors to consider stakeholder impact — not only shareholder profit — alongside a stated public benefit purpose. Delaware and other states offer this structure; it differs from a nonprofit and from ordinary C-corps.
- [Public Equity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/public-equity.md): Public equity is ownership in companies whose shares trade on open stock exchanges, available to retail and institutional investors after registration and listing. Venture-backed startups convert private equity into public equity through IPOs or direct listings.
- [Public-to-Private](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/public-to-private.md): Public-to-private (P2P) is a transaction where a publicly traded company is taken private — usually acquired by a PE sponsor or management with debt and equity — and its shares delist from exchange trading. It is the reverse path of an IPO.
- [Purchase Price Adjustment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/purchase-price-adjustment.md): A purchase price adjustment is a post-closing change to what the buyer pays — or what sellers receive — based on verified financial metrics at closing versus targets agreed in the deal, such as working capital, cash, or debt.
- [Qualified Financing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/qualified-financing.md): A qualified financing is a priced equity round defined in a convertible note or SAFE that triggers automatic conversion into shares — usually at terms better than uncapped notes would get — when the company raises at or above a minimum size threshold.
- [Qualified Purchaser](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/qualified-purchaser.md): A qualified purchaser is an investor who meets a higher wealth threshold under U.S. securities law — generally $5 million or more in investments — allowing them to invest in certain private funds and 3(c)(7) vehicles without the same constraints as smaller accredited investors.
- [Qualified Small Business Stock (QSBS)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/qualified-small-business-stock-qsbs.md): Qualified Small Business Stock (QSBS) is U.S. federal tax treatment under Section 1202 that can exclude a large portion — or all — of capital gains when investors sell stock of an eligible small C-corporation held for at least five years, subject to strict requirements.
- [Quality of Earnings (QoE)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/quality-of-earnings-qoe.md): Quality of earnings (QoE) is a buy-side financial diligence review that separates sustainable, recurring earnings from one-time items, accounting quirks, and owner adjustments — producing a normalized view of profitability for valuation and debt sizing.
- [Quiet Period](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/quiet-period.md): A quiet period is a window before and after a securities offering — especially an IPO — when company insiders and underwriters face restrictions on public statements that could hype the stock or contradict the official prospectus.
- [Quorum](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/quorum.md): Quorum is the minimum number of directors or stockholders who must be present — in person or by proxy — for a board or stockholder meeting to conduct official business and pass valid votes.
- [Quota Attainment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/quota-attainment.md): Quota attainment measures how much of their assigned sales quota a rep or team closed in a period — usually expressed as a percentage of target bookings or revenue. It is a core GTM health metric for B2B investors.
- [Ramen Profitable](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ramen-profitable.md): Ramen profitable means a startup covers its founders' bare-minimum living expenses from operating revenue — not venture-scale profitability, but enough cash flow to survive without a salary from investors or a day job.
- [Ratchet](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ratchet.md): In venture and PE, a ratchet is a contract mechanism that adjusts investor ownership or conversion price if future financing or performance triggers occur — protecting investors from dilution or valuation drops at founders' expense. Full ratchets are rare today; weighted-average anti-dilution is standard.
- [Real Assets](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/real-assets.md): Real assets are physical or hard economic resources — real estate, infrastructure, commodities, equipment, and natural resources — as opposed to financial securities like stocks and bonds. Venture overlaps at the edges in climate, construction tech, and asset-heavy platforms.
- [Real Estate PE](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/real-estate-pe.md): Real estate private equity (RE PE) invests in properties and real estate operating companies through private funds — acquiring, developing, repositioning, or recapitalizing assets for institutional LPs seeking yield and appreciation outside public REITs.
- [Realized Value](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/realized-value.md): Realized value is cash or stock actually returned to investors from an investment — after a sale, distribution, or secondary — as opposed to unrealized marks on still-private holdings. Fund performance metrics like DPI depend on realized value.
- [Recallable Distribution](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/recallable-distribution.md): A recallable distribution is capital returned to LPs that the GP may call back for new investments or expenses within limits set in the LPA — unlike a final, non-recallable payout that LPs keep permanently.
- [Recap](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/recap.md): A recap (recapitalization) restructures a company's ownership and debt — often bringing in new investors, refinancing debt, or resetting valuations — without necessarily selling the whole business to an outside buyer.
- [Recapitalization](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/recapitalization.md): Recapitalization is a financial restructuring that materially changes a company's mix of debt and equity — issuing new shares, repurchasing stock, refinancing loans, or bringing in sponsors — to stabilize, grow, or extract value while the business continues operating.
- [Receivership](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/receivership.md): Receivership is a court-appointed or contractually triggered process where a receiver takes control of a company's assets and operations to preserve value, pay creditors, or wind down the business — often a late-stage distress outcome for startups that exhaust financing options.
- [Recycle Provisions](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/recycle-provisions.md): Recycle provisions in a fund LPA allow the GP to redeploy distributions from early exits back into new or follow-on investments instead of paying them out to LPs — within caps and consent rules defined at fundraising.
- [Recycling](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/recycling.md): In fund economics, recycling is when a GP reinvests proceeds from early exits or other distributions into portfolio companies rather than paying that cash out to LPs — effectively increasing invested capital without raising a new fund.
- [Recycling Cap](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/recycling-cap.md): A recycling cap is the maximum amount of distributed capital a GP may reinvest under the LPA — often expressed as a percentage of total commitments — after which exit proceeds must flow to LPs as distributions.
- [Red Ocean](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/red-ocean.md): Red ocean describes a competitive market where rivals fight over existing customers and margin — contrasted with blue ocean strategy that seeks uncontested space. Investors hear 'red ocean' when a category is crowded and differentiation is thin.
- [Redemption Rights](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/redemption-rights.md): Redemption rights give preferred shareholders the option to require the company to repurchase their shares after a specified date or event — forcing a liquidity path that can stress startup cash if triggered.
- [Reference Check](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/reference-check.md): A reference check is structured outreach to people who have worked with a founder, executive, or company — verifying track record, leadership style, and diligence findings before investment, hiring, or board approval.
- [Refi Wall](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/refi-wall.md): A refi wall is a period when many loans mature and borrowers must refinance or repay at once — often at higher rates or tighter credit — creating systemic pressure in leveraged companies and private equity portfolios.
- [Refinancing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/refinancing.md): Refinancing replaces existing debt with new debt — different amount, rate, maturity, or covenants — to lower cost, extend runway, fund distributions, or restructure obligations a company cannot repay at maturity.
- [Refresh Grant](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/refresh-grant.md): A refresh grant is additional equity awarded to existing employees — usually options or RSUs — to maintain competitive ownership after dilution, strong performance, or tenure, without requiring a promotion.
- [Registration Rights](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/registration-rights.md): Registration rights give investors contractual ability to require the company to register their shares with the SEC for public sale — or to include their shares in a company-initiated registration — providing a path to liquidity after an IPO or in some secondary registrations.
- [Regulatory Risk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/regulatory-risk.md): Regulatory risk is the potential that laws, rules, enforcement, or licensing requirements change — or are applied unexpectedly — harming a company's product, market access, margins, or ability to operate.
- [Related Party Approval](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/related-party-approval.md): Related party approval is board or stockholder sign-off required before a company enters a transaction with insiders, directors, major shareholders, or their affiliates — ensuring conflicts are disclosed and terms are fair to the company.
- [Related-Party Transaction](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/related-party-transaction.md): A related-party transaction is any deal between a company and an insider — founder, executive, director, or controlling shareholder — or an entity they control, where conflicts of interest must be managed through disclosure and approval.
- [REOC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/reoc.md): REOC (real estate operating company) is a corporate structure that owns and operates income-producing property as a business — distinct from a REIT tax regime or a pure property fund — often used in private real estate and some proptech roll-ups.
- [Reporting Covenants](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/reporting-covenants.md): Reporting covenants are loan or investor contract obligations requiring periodic financial and operational disclosures — monthly packages, annual audits, KPI dashboards — on defined timelines and formats.
- [Reporting Package](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/reporting-package.md): A reporting package is the standard set of financial statements, metrics, and commentary a company sends to lenders, investors, or the board each period — formatted consistently so recipients can track performance and covenant compliance.
- [Reps and Warranties](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/reps-and-warranties.md): Reps and warranties (representations and warranties) are factual statements and promises in a purchase or financing agreement — about cap table, contracts, litigation, IP, and compliance — that if wrong give the other party indemnity or termination rights.
- [Reserves](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/reserves.md): In venture fund context, reserves are capital a GP sets aside from the fund for follow-on investments in existing portfolio companies — rather than for new initial checks. Founders also use 'reserves' for balance-sheet cash held for contingencies.
- [Residual Value](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/residual-value.md): Residual value is the estimated worth of an asset at the end of a lease, loan, or fund life — what remains after depreciation or after other cash flows are paid. In fund reporting, it often refers to remaining unrealized portfolio value.
- [Restart](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/restart.md): A restart is when founders or investors reboot a failed or stalled venture — new product, team, cap table, or entity — often reusing lessons and sometimes IP while leaving prior liabilities and brand baggage behind.
- [Restricted Stock](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/restricted-stock.md): Restricted stock is company shares issued to a holder but subject to vesting, transfer limits, or repurchase rights until conditions are met — common for founders and early employees.
- [Restructuring](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/restructuring.md): Restructuring is a deliberate change to a company's capital structure, operations, or ownership — often to reduce debt, reset valuations, or survive a liquidity crunch.
- [Retention Curve](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/retention-curve.md): A retention curve is a chart showing what share of users or customers remains active over time after signup — the shape reveals whether a product keeps the people it acquires.
- [Return of Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/return-of-capital.md): Return of capital is a distribution that gives investors back part of their original investment before profit-sharing — it reduces cost basis rather than counting as taxable gain in many structures.
- [Return on Investment (ROI)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/roi.md): Return on investment (ROI) measures net gain or loss from an investment relative to its cost — expressed as a percentage or ratio so different bets can be compared.
- [Revenue Churn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/revenue-churn.md): Revenue churn is the recurring revenue lost from existing customers in a period — through cancellations, downgrades, or non-renewals — usually measured as a percentage of starting ARR or MRR.
- [Revenue Synergies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/revenue-synergies.md): Revenue synergies are incremental sales or pricing gains expected after two companies combine — cross-selling, upselling, or entering new segments together that neither could capture as quickly alone.
- [Revenue-Based Financing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/revenue-based-financing.md): Revenue-based financing (RBF) is non-dilutive capital repaid as a fixed percentage of monthly revenue until a capped return is reached — common for SaaS and subscription businesses with predictable inflows.
- [Reverse Break-Up Fee](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/reverse-break-up-fee.md): A reverse break-up fee is a payment the buyer owes the seller if the buyer fails to close a signed deal — compensating the target for lost time, exclusivity, and transaction costs.
- [Reverse Merger](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/reverse-merger.md): A reverse merger is a transaction where a private company becomes public by merging into an already-listed shell company — acquiring control of the public entity instead of a traditional IPO.
- [Reverse Vesting](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/reverse-vesting.md): Reverse vesting means founders or employees already own shares upfront, but the company can repurchase unvested shares at nominal cost if they leave before the schedule completes.
- [Revolver](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/revolver.md): A revolver is a revolving credit facility — a loan line a company can draw, repay, and redraw within a limit, like a corporate credit card backed by a bank agreement.
- [Right of First Offer (ROFO)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/rofo.md): A right of first offer (ROFO) gives a party the chance to buy shares on the same terms a seller intends to offer a third party — usually before the seller shops the deal widely.
- [Right of First Refusal (ROFR)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/rofr.md): A right of first refusal (ROFR) lets a designated party match a bona fide third-party offer to buy shares — the seller cannot sell on better terms without offering the ROFR holder the same deal.
- [Risk Factor Summation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/risk-factor-summation.md): Risk factor summation is an early-stage valuation method that adjusts a baseline regional pre-money up or down based on scored business risks — management, competition, stage, and similar buckets.
- [Risk-Adjusted Return](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/risk-adjusted-return.md): Risk-adjusted return measures investment performance relative to the volatility or downside taken — rewarding strategies that earn returns without extreme swings or loss depth.
- [Roadshow](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/roadshow.md): A roadshow is a series of meetings where company leaders and bankers pitch an investment opportunity to potential investors — used for IPOs, large follow-ons, and fund raises.
- [Roadshow (IPO)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/roadshow-ipo.md): An IPO roadshow is the pre-listing investor tour where issuers and underwriters market shares to institutional buyers to build the order book and set the offer price.
- [ROFR/Co-Sale Agreement](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/rofr-co-sale-agreement.md): A ROFR/co-sale agreement is the standard VC contract combining right of first refusal, company approval of transfers, and co-sale (tag-along) rights when shareholders sell stock.
- [Roll-Up](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/roll-up.md): A roll-up is a consolidation strategy that acquires many small companies in a fragmented industry to build scale, shared services, and a larger platform for exit.
- [Rolling Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/rolling-fund.md): A rolling fund is a venture structure that accepts LP capital in continuous quarterly subscriptions — each tranche invests over its own period while the GP raises new tranches in parallel.
- [Rollover Equity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/rollover-equity.md): Rollover equity is ownership a seller keeps in the company after a sale — reinvesting part of proceeds into the buyer's structure instead of taking full cash at close.
- [RSU](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/rsu.md): An RSU (restricted stock unit) is a promise to deliver company shares upon vesting — employees earn stock over time without buying options, with tax due when shares settle.
- [RSU Tax](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/rsu-tax.md): RSU tax is the income and payroll tax owed when restricted stock units vest and shares are delivered — based on fair market value at settlement, not at grant.
- [Rule 144](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/rule-144.md): Rule 144 is an SEC safe harbor that lets holders sell restricted or control securities into the public market if they meet holding periods, volume limits, and disclosure conditions.
- [Rule 701](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/rule-701.md): Rule 701 is an SEC exemption that lets private companies issue equity compensation to employees, consultants, and advisors without registering the offering — up to generous dollar limits.
- [Rule of 40](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/rule-of-40.md): The Rule of 40 is a SaaS benchmark stating that revenue growth rate plus profit margin should exceed 40% — a shorthand for balancing growth and profitability at scale.
- [Runway](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/runway.md): Runway is how many months a company can operate at current net cash burn before cash runs out — cash balance divided by monthly net burn.
- [Runway Crisis](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/runway-crisis.md): A runway crisis is when a company has insufficient cash and time to reach profitability or close the next financing on acceptable terms — forcing urgent cuts, bridge deals, or restructuring.
- [Runway Extension](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/runway-extension.md): Runway extension is any action that increases months of cash remaining — cutting burn, raising capital, deferring payables, or improving collections without changing the core business model.
- [RVPI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/rvpi.md): RVPI (residual value to paid-in capital) measures unrealized portfolio value plus remaining fund assets divided by LP capital contributed — showing paper value still in the fund.
- [S-1](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/s-1.md): An S-1 is the SEC registration statement a U.S. company files to go public — the prospectus disclosing business, financials, risks, and use of proceeds for an IPO.
- [S-3 Eligibility](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/s-3-eligibility.md): S-3 eligibility means a public company qualifies to use SEC Form S-3 for faster, cheaper secondary or shelf registrations — typically after meeting reporting history and public float requirements.
- [SaaS Metrics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/saas-metrics.md): SaaS metrics are the standard measures subscription software companies use to track growth, retention, efficiency, and unit economics — ARR, churn, NRR, CAC payback, and related KPIs.
- [SAFE](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/safe.md): A SAFE (simple agreement for future equity) is a Y Combinator-style instrument that invests capital now in exchange for shares later — typically at a priced equity round — without accruing debt interest.
- [SAFE Conversion Math](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/safe-conversion-math.md): SAFE conversion math is the calculation of how many shares SAFE investors receive at a priced round — applying valuation cap, discount, and post-money vs pre-money mechanics to determine ownership.
- [SAFE Note vs Equity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/safe-note-vs-equity.md): SAFE note vs equity compares raising on SAFEs or convertible notes versus a priced equity round — speed and simplicity early versus immediate ownership, valuation, and governance clarity.
- [SAFT](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/saft.md): A SAFT (simple agreement for future tokens) is a contract where investors pay now for the right to receive digital tokens later — typically when a blockchain network launches — used in some crypto fundraises.
- [Sales Cycle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sales-cycle.md): Sales cycle is the elapsed time from first contact with a prospect to closed deal — including discovery, evaluation, negotiation, and signature.
- [Sales Efficiency](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sales-efficiency.md): Sales efficiency measures how much new revenue the sales and marketing organization generates relative to what it spends — often tracked as new ARR per dollar of S&M or via magic number and CAC payback.
- [Sales Force Effectiveness](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sales-force-effectiveness.md): Sales force effectiveness (SFE) is how well a sales team converts effort into revenue outcomes — quota attainment, win rates, activity quality, and ramp time per rep.
- [Sales-Led Growth](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sales-led-growth.md): Sales-led growth (SLG) is a go-to-market model where human sales teams drive acquisition and expansion — common in enterprise and mid-market B2B with longer cycles and higher contract values.
- [SAM](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sam.md): SAM (serviceable addressable market) is the portion of TAM your product can realistically reach with your current business model, geography, and channel — the market you could serve if you executed perfectly.
- [Sandbagging](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sandbagging.md): Sandbagging is deliberately setting conservative forecasts or low expectations so actual results look stronger — common in M&A earnouts, board guidance, and sales quota setting.
- [SBIR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sbir.md): SBIR (Small Business Innovation Research) is a U.S. federal program requiring agencies to set aside R&D funding for small businesses through phased grants — non-dilutive capital for technical startups.
- [Scalability](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/scalability.md): Scalability is a business's ability to grow revenue faster than proportional increases in cost — serving more customers without linear headcount, infrastructure, or capital spikes.
- [Schedule of Exceptions](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/schedule-of-exceptions.md): A schedule of exceptions is a disclosure list attached to M&A or financing reps and warranties — itemizing known issues that are excluded from blanket seller or company representations.
- [Scheme of Arrangement](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/scheme-of-arrangement.md): A scheme of arrangement is a court-approved process — common in the UK and other jurisdictions — to bind all shareholders to a restructuring, merger, or takeover approved by a vote and judicial sanction.
- [Scorecard Valuation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/scorecard-valuation.md): Scorecard valuation is an angel method that adjusts a regional average pre-money valuation up or down based on weighted factors — team, market, product, competition, and traction.
- [Scout Program](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/scout-program.md): A scout program is a VC firm's network of part-time deal sourcers — often operators or angels — who refer startups and sometimes invest small checks on the firm's behalf with carried economics.
- [Sean Ellis Test](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sean-ellis-test.md): The Sean Ellis Test is a simple survey that asks active users how disappointed they would be if they could no longer use the product — a quick signal of whether you have real product-market fit before scaling spend.
- [Seat Expansion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/seat-expansion.md): Seat expansion is revenue growth from existing customers buying more user licenses or seats — a core expansion motion in seat-based SaaS without adding new logos.
- [Seat-Based Pricing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/seat-based-pricing.md): Seat-based pricing charges customers per user license — each active or provisioned seat typically maps to a recurring fee, common in B2B SaaS from collaboration tools to vertical software.
- [Second Lien](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/second-lien.md): Second lien debt sits behind senior lenders in the repayment queue — creditors hold a security interest subordinate to first-lien holders, so they take more risk and usually charge higher rates.
- [Secondaries](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/secondaries.md): Secondaries are transactions where existing ownership — LP fund interests, company shares, or GP stakes — changes hands between parties other than the company issuing new stock in a primary round.
- [Secondary Direct](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/secondary-direct.md): A secondary direct is a purchase of existing private company shares from a shareholder — founder, employee, or early investor — rather than new stock issued by the company in a primary financing.
- [Secondary for Employees](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/secondary-for-employees.md): Secondary for employees is a structured program letting staff sell vested equity to approved buyers — often alongside or within a company-facilitated liquidity event — without waiting for an IPO.
- [Secondary Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/secondary-fund.md): A secondary fund specializes in buying existing private market stakes — LP fund interests, direct company shares, or GP-led continuation assets — rather than leading primary investments into issuers.
- [Secondary Liquidity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/secondary-liquidity.md): Secondary liquidity is the ability to sell private holdings — founder shares, employee equity, LP fund stakes, or fund interests — to a buyer before a traditional exit like an IPO or acquisition.
- [Secondary Sale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/secondary-sale.md): A secondary sale is any transaction where an existing owner sells private securities to another party — the company does not issue new shares and may not receive the proceeds.
- [Section 1202](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/section-1202.md): Section 1202 is a U.S. tax code provision that can exclude a portion — or under current rules, potentially all — of qualified gain on the sale of qualified small business stock held for required periods.
- [Sector Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sector-fund.md): A sector fund invests predominantly in one industry or theme — such as fintech, climate, or healthcare — rather than spreading bets across unrelated categories in a generalist portfolio.
- [Security Interest](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/security-interest.md): A security interest gives a lender a legal claim on specified collateral if the borrower defaults — it is what makes debt 'secured' rather than unsecured.
- [Seed Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/seed-capital.md): Seed capital is early-stage funding used to build product, validate demand, and reach initial traction — typically before a company is ready for a large Series A institutional round.
- [Seed Extension](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/seed-extension.md): A seed extension is additional seed-stage financing — often from existing investors — when a company needs more runway to reach Series A milestones without jumping to a full Series A round.
- [Seed Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/seed-fund.md): A seed fund is a venture capital firm or fund vehicle focused on writing the first institutional checks into startups — typically at pre-seed and seed stages before Series A leads arrive.
- [Seed Investment by GP](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/seed-investment-by-gp.md): Seed investment by GP is when a venture firm's general partners deploy personal or firm capital into very early companies — often before the main fund can legally or strategically invest — to build pipeline and alignment.
- [Seed Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/seed-round.md): A seed round is a company's first significant priced or structured financing — typically after friends-and-family or accelerator capital — used to build product and reach metrics that unlock Series A.
- [SEIS](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/seis.md): SEIS — the Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme — is a UK tax incentive encouraging investment in very early-stage companies through income tax relief and other benefits for qualifying investors.
- [Seller Note](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/seller-note.md): A seller note is deferred purchase price in an acquisition — the buyer owes the seller a promissory note for part of the deal value, paid over time with interest rather than all cash at closing.
- [Senior Debt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/senior-debt.md): Senior debt is the first-ranking borrowed money in a capital structure — secured lenders with top priority on collateral and repayment before subordinated debt and equity in a default or sale.
- [Senior Liquidation Preference](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/senior-liquidation-preference.md): Senior liquidation preference means a class of preferred stock gets paid out before junior preferred and common in a liquidity event — later rounds often sit senior to earlier investors in the waterfall.
- [Senior Preferred](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/senior-preferred.md): Senior preferred is a class of preferred stock that ranks ahead of other preferred series in liquidation and sometimes in dividends or redemption — common in down rounds and recapitalizations.
- [Separately Managed Account (SMA)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/separately-managed-account-sma.md): A separately managed account is an investment vehicle where an LP's capital is managed in its own account — often co-investing alongside a GP's main fund — with customized terms instead of a blind pool commitment.
- [Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/series-a.md): Series A is typically the first major institutional venture round — priced preferred stock led by a VC firm — after seed proof points, used to scale product, GTM, and team toward Series B metrics.
- [Series B](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/series-b.md): Series B is a growth-stage venture round — usually after Series A product-market fit — focused on scaling sales, marketing, and operations to build a durable, venture-scale business.
- [Series C](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/series-c.md): Series C is a late-stage venture round — after Series B scaling — often used to accelerate market leadership, expand internationally, or fund acquisitions ahead of IPO or strategic exit.
- [Series D](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/series-d.md): Series D is a very late-stage private financing — typically after Series C — used when companies need more capital for scale, M&A, or runway before IPO, or when public listing timing slips.
- [Series E](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/series-e.md): Series E is an additional late-stage private round — beyond Series D — for mature venture-backed companies still pursuing scale, M&A, or delayed public listings.
- [Series Vote](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/series-vote.md): A series vote is a separate class vote where one series of preferred stock approves actions as a group — often required for charter amendments, new senior rounds, or changes affecting that series' rights.
- [Shadow IT](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/shadow-it.md): Shadow IT is technology — software, cloud services, or devices — deployed inside an organization without official IT approval or security review, often purchased on a team credit card.
- [Shadow Preferred](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/shadow-preferred.md): Shadow preferred is an informal label for economic arrangements that mimic preferred stock rights — often side letters or synthetic structures — without a separate officially designated preferred class in the charter.
- [Share Buyback](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/share-buyback.md): A share buyback is when a company repurchases its own stock from shareholders — reducing shares outstanding and returning capital to sellers, sometimes used for employee liquidity or cap table cleanup.
- [Share-for-Share Exchange](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/share-for-share-exchange.md): A share-for-share exchange swaps one class or issuer's stock for another — common in mergers, restructurings, or SPAC deals where shareholders receive new securities instead of cash.
- [Shareholders Agreement](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/shareholders-agreement.md): A shareholders agreement is a contract among a company's owners — and sometimes the company — governing transfers, governance, information rights, and exit mechanics beyond what the charter alone covers.
- [Side Letter](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/side-letter.md): A side letter is a separate agreement giving a specific LP or investor terms that differ from the standard fund or round documents — fee breaks, co-invest rights, reporting, or ESG commitments.
- [Sidecar Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sidecar-fund.md): A sidecar fund is a companion investment vehicle — often LP co-investors or employees — that invests alongside a main fund in the same deals, usually with aligned but separate economics.
- [Sideways Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sideways-round.md): A sideways round is a financing at roughly the same valuation as the prior round — flat pricing — often used when progress is solid but not strong enough to justify a step-up.
- [Signing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/signing.md): Signing is the moment parties execute transaction documents — term sheet, purchase agreement, or fund commitment — creating binding obligations subject to agreed conditions before closing.
- [Signing vs Closing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/signing-vs-closing.md): Signing vs closing distinguishes executing deal documents from completing the transaction — cash and stock transfer, filings, and regulatory steps often happen at closing, not at signing.
- [SOFR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sofr.md): SOFR — the Secured Overnight Financing Rate — is a broad U.S. benchmark interest rate based on overnight Treasury repurchase transactions, used to price floating-rate loans and debt after the LIBOR transition.
- [Soft Cap](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/soft-cap.md): A soft cap is a fundraising target that lets a GP close a fund and begin investing before reaching the hard cap — the maximum allowable fund size in the LPA.
- [Soft Circle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/soft-circle.md): A soft circle is informal, non-binding interest from investors in a fundraising round — verbal or email commitments before definitive term sheets and signed documents.
- [Soft Pass](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/soft-pass.md): A soft pass is a venture investor's polite decline without a firm 'no' — leaving the door open to revisit the company later if metrics or market conditions improve.
- [Solo GP](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/solo-gp.md): A solo GP is a venture fund led by one general partner without a multi-partner investment committee — common in emerging manager and angel-style fund structures.
- [SOM](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/som.md): SOM — serviceable obtainable market — is the slice of SAM a company can realistically capture in a defined period given product, GTM, and competition — the near-term revenue opportunity investors ask founders to size.
- [Sovereign Wealth Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sovereign-wealth-fund.md): A sovereign wealth fund is a state-owned investment pool — funded by commodities, trade surpluses, or reserves — that allocates to public equities, private equity, venture, real estate, and other assets globally.
- [SPAC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/spac.md): A SPAC — special purpose acquisition company — is a publicly traded shell that raises cash via IPO to merge with a private operating company, taking it public without a traditional IPO process.
- [Special Meeting](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/special-meeting.md): A special meeting is a shareholder gathering called outside the regular annual schedule — often to vote on major actions like mergers, charter amendments, or financings requiring stockholder approval.
- [Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/spv.md): An SPV — special purpose vehicle — is a legal entity created for one investment or a narrow set of deals, pooling capital from multiple investors without forming a full multi-company venture fund.
- [Special Situations](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/special-situations.md): Special situations investing targets companies or assets in unusual circumstances—distress, restructuring, spin-offs, or complex capital structures—where skilled buyers can unlock value that normal growth investors miss.
- [Spin-Off](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/spin-off.md): A spin-off is when a parent company separates a business unit into a standalone public or private company, distributing shares to existing shareholders or selling the unit as a distinct entity.
- [Split-Off](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/split-off.md): A split-off is a corporate transaction where shareholders exchange their parent-company stock for shares in a newly separated subsidiary, often as part of a divestiture or tax-efficient restructuring.
- [Sponsor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sponsor.md): In private markets, a sponsor is the financial backer—usually a PE or VC firm—that sources, funds, and manages an acquisition or portfolio company, distinct from lenders or passive co-investors.
- [Sponsorless Deal](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sponsorless-deal.md): A sponsorless deal is an acquisition or financing arranged without a traditional private equity sponsor—often led by management, family owners, lenders, or strategic buyers using their own balance sheets.
- [Spray and Pray](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/spray-and-pray.md): Spray and pray describes an investment approach that spreads many small bets across lots of companies with limited follow-on support, hoping a few outliers return the fund.
- [Spread](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/spread.md): In investing, spread is the gap between two prices or rates—such as bid versus ask in a secondary sale, or the yield difference between a loan and a benchmark.
- [SQL](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sql.md): In sales and venture diligence, SQL usually means Sales Qualified Lead—a prospect vetted by sales as ready for a serious conversation, not merely marketing interest.
- [Squeeze-Out](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/squeeze-out.md): A squeeze-out is a legal mechanism that lets a majority owner force minority shareholders to sell their stakes—often after a takeover—at a fair price set by law or appraisal.
- [Stage-Focused Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/stage-focused-fund.md): A stage-focused fund invests primarily at one part of the company lifecycle—seed, Series A, growth, or buyout—rather than spanning every stage in one vehicle.
- [Stalking Horse Bid](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/stalking-horse-bid.md): A stalking horse bid is an initial offer in a bankruptcy or auction sale that sets the floor price and terms, with the bidder sometimes receiving break-up fees if a higher offer wins.
- [Stapled Financing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/stapled-financing.md): Stapled financing is pre-arranged debt or equity commitment packaged alongside a buyout offer so the buyer can show committed funding to win an auction.
- [Stapled Secondary](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/stapled-secondary.md): A stapled secondary bundles a primary fundraise with a secondary purchase—new money into the company plus liquidity for existing shareholders in one transaction.
- [Startup Studio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/startup-studio.md): A startup studio (or venture studio) systematically creates companies—often providing initial ideas, operators, capital, and shared services—in exchange for a large founding equity stake.
- [Stock Sale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/stock-sale.md): In M&A, a stock sale is when buyers purchase the target’s equity directly from shareholders, acquiring the legal entity and its liabilities unless renegotiated.
- [Stock Split](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/stock-split.md): A stock split increases the number of shares outstanding while proportionally lowering each share’s price, leaving total equity value unchanged for existing holders.
- [Stockholder Agreement](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/stockholder-agreement.md): A stockholder agreement is a contract among shareholders that sets governance, transfer restrictions, board rights, and exit mechanics beyond what the charter alone covers.
- [Stockholder Consent](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/stockholder-consent.md): Stockholder consent is written approval by shareholders—often without a formal meeting—to authorize actions like financings, charter amendments, or mergers.
- [Strategic Acquisition](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/strategic-acquisition.md): A strategic acquisition is when an operating company—not a financial sponsor—buys another business to gain products, customers, talent, or market position.
- [Strategic Buyer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/strategic-buyer.md): A strategic buyer is an operating company that acquires targets to strengthen its core business, unlike a financial buyer that focuses on returns from financial structure and operations alone.
- [Strategic Investor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/strategic-investor.md): A strategic investor is a corporation that takes an equity stake in a startup to gain commercial access—partnerships, distribution, or technology insight—not just financial return.
- [Strategic Premium](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/strategic-premium.md): Strategic premium is the extra price a strategic buyer pays above a financial buyer’s valuation because it can capture synergies only available to that acquirer.
- [Strike Price](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/strike-price.md): Strike price is the fixed per-share price at which an option or warrant can be exercised—the cost to convert the option into actual stock.
- [Strip Sale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/strip-sale.md): A strip sale is a secondary transaction where an investor sells a slice of its fund interest—often a strip of LP commitments or future distributions—rather than the whole position.
- [Structured Equity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/structured-equity.md): Structured equity is an investment made with non-standard terms—liquidation preferences, ratchets, dividends, or redemption rights—that change payoff beyond plain common or preferred stock.
- [Structured Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/structured-round.md): A structured round is a financing where terms include special protections—multiple liquidation preferences, pay-to-play, or ratchets—reflecting tougher market conditions or company performance.
- [STTR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sttr.md): STTR (Small Business Technology Transfer) is a US federal program that funds collaborative R&D between small businesses and research institutions, alongside the related SBIR program.
- [Subscription Agreement](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/subscription-agreement.md): A subscription agreement is the contract where an investor commits to buy newly issued shares or fund interests, stating amount, price, representations, and closing conditions.
- [Subscription Line](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/subscription-line.md): A subscription line is a credit facility secured by LP capital commitments, letting a fund borrow short term for investments and expenses before calling capital from LPs.
- [Super Angel](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/super-angel.md): A super angel is an individual investor who writes larger checks, leads rounds, and often invests professionally—blurring the line between classic angels and micro-VCs.
- [Super-Voting Shares](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/super-voting-shares.md): Super-voting shares carry multiple votes per share—often held by founders—so control persists even after economic ownership dilutes below 50%.
- [Superannual](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/superannual.md): Superannual describes customer or revenue growth from existing accounts that exceeds a normal twelve-month baseline—often through expansion, upsells, or multi-year prepayments above standard ACV.
- [Supermajority](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/supermajority.md): Supermajority is a voting threshold above a simple majority—often two-thirds or 75%—required for major corporate actions like charter amendments or mergers.
- [Supplier Concentration](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/supplier-concentration.md): Supplier concentration is when a company relies on one or a few vendors for critical inputs, creating risk if pricing, quality, or supply interrupts.
- [Sweat Equity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sweat-equity.md): Sweat equity is ownership earned through work and time rather than cash investment—common for founders and early employees before market salaries are affordable.
- [Sweet Equity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/sweet-equity.md): Sweet equity is an ownership stake—usually in PE buyouts—granted to management at a favorable price as incentive to stay through the turnaround or growth plan.
- [Switching Costs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/switching-costs.md): Switching costs are the frictions—money, time, data migration, retraining—that make a customer stick with an incumbent product instead of moving to a competitor.
- [Syndicate Lead](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/syndicate-lead.md): A syndicate lead is the investor who sets terms, runs diligence, and anchors a round while other participants follow their allocation on the same documents.
- [Syndication](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/syndication.md): Syndication is when multiple investors join the same financing on shared terms, pooling capital and sometimes expertise behind a lead investor.
- [Synergy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/synergy.md): Synergy is the extra value created when two companies combine—through revenue cross-sell, shared costs, or capabilities neither had alone—beyond their standalone worth.
- [Synergy Tracking](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/synergy-tracking.md): Synergy tracking is the post-merger process of measuring whether projected revenue and cost benefits from an acquisition actually materialize on a timeline.
- [Tag and Drag (UK)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/tag-and-drag-uk.md): In UK venture documents, tag (co-sale) and drag (bring-along) rights mirror US mechanics but follow English law drafting—SHA clauses that force or permit joint sales on exit.
- [Tag-Along Rights](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/tag-along.md): Tag-along rights (co-sale) let minority investors sell a proportional stake alongside a major shareholder who is selling, on the same terms and price.
- [Take Rate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/take-rate.md): Take rate is the percentage of transaction value a marketplace or platform keeps as revenue—the platform’s cut of each sale or payment flowing through it.
- [Take-Private](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/take-private.md): A take-private transaction delists a public company by buying out public shareholders, often led by PE sponsors or management with financing and regulatory approvals.
- [Take-Rate Compression](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/take-rate-compression.md): Take-rate compression is a declining platform fee as a percent of transaction value—often from competition, subsidies, or mix shift to lower-margin verticals.
- [Takeover Code](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/takeover-code.md): The Takeover Code (UK) is the Panel on Takeovers and Mergers rulebook governing public company bids—disclosure, timetables, and equality of treatment for shareholders.
- [Talent Density](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/talent-density.md): Talent density is the concentration of high-performing people relative to headcount—fewer, stronger contributors per team rather than scaling bodies quickly.
- [TAM](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/tam.md): TAM (Total Addressable Market) is the full revenue opportunity if a product captured 100% of its defined market—an upper-bound sizing tool, not a forecast.
- [Target Fund Size](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/target-fund-size.md): Target fund size is the amount a GP aims to raise for a new fund before or during fundraising—subject to change until final close.
- [TCV](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/tcv.md): TCV (total contract value) is the full dollar value of a customer contract over its term — including recurring fees, one-time charges, and optional renewals if committed upfront.
- [Teaser](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/teaser.md): A teaser is a short, anonymized marketing document used to gauge buyer or investor interest before sharing a full pitch deck, data room, or confidential information memorandum.
- [TechBio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/techbio.md): TechBio describes companies that apply software, machine learning, and automation to biology — drug discovery, synthetic biology, diagnostics, or lab workflows — rather than traditional small-molecule pharma alone.
- [Technical Diligence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/technical-diligence.md): Technical diligence is investor-or buyer-led review of a company's product, architecture, code quality, security, scalability, and engineering team — to validate that the technology can support the business plan.
- [Technology Adoption Lifecycle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/technology-adoption-lifecycle.md): The technology adoption lifecycle is a model describing how different customer groups — innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority, and laggards — adopt a new product over time.
- [Technology Risk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/technology-risk.md): Technology risk is the chance that a startup's product fails technically — cannot be built, does not scale, loses to a better architecture, or faces security or IP barriers — undermining the investment case.
- [Tender Offer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/tender-offer.md): A tender offer is a structured program where a company or approved buyer purchases shares from existing shareholders — often employees and early investors — at a set price during a limited window.
- [Tender Offer Exit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/tender-offer-exit.md): A tender offer exit is when venture investors or employees achieve liquidity primarily through a company-sponsored tender offer rather than an IPO, acquisition, or traditional secondary trade.
- [Tender Offer Program](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/tender-offer-program.md): A tender offer program is the company's recurring policy and process for running tender offers — eligibility rules, frequency, pricing methodology, and governance — not a one-off transaction.
- [Term Loan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/term-loan.md): A term loan is a lump-sum debt facility repaid over a fixed schedule with interest — common in venture debt, growth lending, and buyouts — as opposed to a revolver drawn as needed.
- [Term Negotiation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/term-negotiation.md): Term negotiation is the back-and-forth between founders and investors over economic and control provisions in a term sheet — valuation, ownership, preferences, board seats, and protective provisions — before definitive documents are drafted.
- [Term Sheet](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/term-sheet.md): A term sheet is a non-binding summary of the key economic and control terms proposed for a venture investment — valuation, amount, ownership, board rights, and major protections — signed before full legal docs.
- [Thesis](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/thesis.md): In venture capital, a thesis is an investor's articulated view of where opportunity lies — sector, stage, geography, business model, or technology trend — that guides sourcing, diligence, and portfolio construction.
- [Time to Value](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/time-to-value.md): Time to value (TTV) measures how long it takes a customer to realize meaningful benefit from a product — first value moment, activation, or ROI — after purchase or signup.
- [Token Allocation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/token-allocation.md): Token allocation is how a crypto or web3 project divides total token supply among stakeholders — team, investors, community, treasury, advisors, and ecosystem incentives — usually with vesting and lockup schedules.
- [Token Unlock](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/token-unlock.md): A token unlock is the release of previously locked tokens to holders — team, investors, or treasury — according to a vesting schedule, increasing circulating supply and potential sell pressure.
- [Token Warrant](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/token-warrant.md): A token warrant gives an investor the right to purchase a defined amount of a project's tokens at a set price or discount before expiration — often paired with an equity investment in web3 deals.
- [Top-Down TAM](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/top-down-tam.md): Top-down TAM (total addressable market) estimates market size by starting with a large industry figure from research reports and applying a assumed percentage the company could capture.
- [Top-Quartile](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/top-quartile.md): Top-quartile performance means ranking in the highest 25% of a peer group — commonly used to describe venture fund returns relative to same-vintage funds in benchmark datasets.
- [Top-Up Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/top-up-round.md): A top-up round is additional capital invested into an existing portfolio company by current investors — often the same fund or syndicate — without a full new lead or competitive process.
- [Total Value](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/total-value.md): Total value in fund reporting is the sum of distributed cash and remaining unrealized portfolio value — the numerator in metrics like TVPI before dividing by paid-in capital.
- [Toxic Term Sheet](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/toxic-term-sheet.md): A toxic term sheet is a venture offer whose economic or control terms disproportionately harm founders and common shareholders — often through aggressive liquidation preferences, anti-dilution, or punitive governance.
- [Traction](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/traction.md): Traction is measurable evidence that a startup's product resonates in the market — revenue, user growth, retention, partnerships, or pipeline — used to prove progress beyond vision.
- [Trade Break](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/trade-break.md): A trade break is a discrepancy in a securities transaction — price, quantity, settlement details, or identity — that must be resolved before the trade is considered final.
- [Trade Price](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/trade-price.md): Trade price is the agreed price per share or unit at which a specific securities transaction executes — distinct from headline round valuation or 409A fair market value.
- [Trade Sale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/trade-sale.md): A trade sale is the acquisition of a company by a strategic corporate buyer — a competitor, supplier, or customer — rather than by a financial sponsor or via IPO.
- [Trade Secret](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/trade-secret.md): A trade secret is confidential business information — formulas, processes, data, or methods — that derives economic value from not being publicly known and is protected by reasonable secrecy measures rather than patent registration.
- [Transaction Multiple](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/transaction-multiple.md): A transaction multiple is a valuation ratio applied to a company's financial metric in an M&A or investment deal — such as enterprise value divided by revenue or EBITDA.
- [Transition Services Agreement](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/transition-services-agreement.md): A transition services agreement (TSA) is a post-acquisition contract where the seller provides specified services — IT, finance, HR, operations — to the buyer for a limited period while the business integrates.
- [Treasury Diversification](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/treasury-diversification.md): Treasury diversification is the practice of spreading a company's corporate cash holdings across multiple assets, currencies, or instruments — beyond a single bank account — to reduce concentration and liquidity risk.
- [Treasury Stock](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/treasury-stock.md): Treasury stock is shares that a company issued and later repurchased, held on its own balance sheet — not outstanding, typically without voting rights or dividends until reissued or retired.
- [Trial Conversion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/trial-conversion.md): Trial conversion is the rate at which free-trial users become paying customers — a core product-led growth metric tying acquisition to revenue.
- [TRL (Technology Readiness Level)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/trl-technology-readiness-level.md): TRL (Technology Readiness Level) is a 1–9 scale measuring how mature a technology is — from basic research (TRL 1) to proven deployment in operations (TRL 9) — commonly used in deep tech and government funding.
- [TVL](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/tvl.md): TVL (total value locked) measures the dollar value of assets deposited in a DeFi protocol or on-chain platform — a common gauge of usage and liquidity in crypto markets.
- [TVPI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/tvpi.md): TVPI (total value to paid-in capital) is a fund performance ratio — total value (distributions plus remaining NAV) divided by capital LPs contributed — showing gross multiple before timing.
- [UBTI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ubti.md): UBTI (unrelated business taxable income) is IRS-defined income from a tax-exempt entity's activities unrelated to its exempt purpose — which can create tax liability for tax-exempt LP investors in private funds.
- [UCC Filing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/ucc-filing.md): A UCC filing is a public notice that a lender has a security interest in a borrower's assets — filed under the Uniform Commercial Code to establish priority against other creditors.
- [Underwriter](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/underwriter.md): An underwriter is a financial institution — typically an investment bank — that manages and guarantees the sale of new securities in an IPO or bond offering, assuming distribution risk for a fee.
- [Underwriting](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/underwriting.md): Underwriting is the process of evaluating, pricing, and assuming financial risk for a securities offering or insurance policy — in venture contexts, most often the IPO path where banks guarantee share sales.
- [Unicorn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/unicorn.md): A unicorn is a private startup valued at $1 billion or more in a funding round — a shorthand for rare, high-scale private companies before IPO or acquisition.
- [Unit Economics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/unit-economics.md): Unit economics are the revenue and cost per unit of value a business sells — per customer, order, seat, or transaction — showing whether growth creates or destroys profit at the margin.
- [Unitranche](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/unitranche.md): Unitranche is a single blended loan facility that combines senior and subordinated debt into one tranche — common in middle-market buyouts and some growth-stage financings where borrowers want one lender group and one set of terms.
- [Unlevered IRR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/unlevered-irr.md): Unlevered IRR is the internal rate of return on a project or company calculated as if it had no debt — isolating operating performance from financing choices.
- [Unrealized IRR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/unrealized-irr.md): Unrealized IRR is an internal rate of return calculated using current portfolio marks and expected future proceeds — not cash actually distributed to investors yet.
- [Unrealized Value](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/unrealized-value.md): Unrealized value is the estimated worth of investments still held — not yet converted to cash through sale, IPO, or distribution to LPs.
- [Up Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/up-round.md): An up round is a financing where a company's pre-money valuation is higher than the post-money valuation from its previous priced round — so existing shareholders benefit on paper before new money arrives.
- [Upper Quartile](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/upper-quartile.md): Upper quartile means performance in the top 25% of a peer group — the same concept as top-quartile, used frequently in LP reports and benchmark tables for venture fund returns.
- [Upsell](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/upsell.md): An upsell is selling a higher-tier product, more seats, or expanded usage to an existing customer — growing revenue from the installed base rather than new logos.
- [Usage-Based Pricing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/usage-based-pricing.md): Usage-based pricing charges customers in proportion to how much they consume — API calls, compute, transactions, or seats active in a period — rather than a flat subscription fee alone.
- [Valuation Cap](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/valuation-cap.md): A valuation cap is a ceiling on the price at which a convertible instrument — typically a SAFE or convertible note — converts into equity in a future priced round.
- [Value Creation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/value-creation.md): Value creation is the work that makes a company worth more over time — through revenue growth, margin improvement, strategic positioning, or operational fixes that raise exit or enterprise value.
- [Value Creation Plan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/value-creation-plan.md): A value creation plan is a written roadmap of specific initiatives — revenue, cost, product, or M&A — that an investor or board expects will increase company value before exit.
- [Van Westendorp](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/van-westendorp.md): Van Westendorp — the Price Sensitivity Meter — is a survey method that asks customers four price questions to find acceptable price ranges and an optimal price point for a product.
- [Variable Cost](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/variable-cost.md): Variable cost is spending that rises or falls directly with output — units sold, transactions processed, or customers served — as opposed to fixed overhead that stays flat regardless of volume.
- [VCOC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/vcoc.md): VCOC usually means Venture Capital Operating Company — a firm or platform that combines investing with hands-on operating support, portfolio services, or in-house experts who help companies execute after the check.
- [VCT](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/vct.md): VCT (Venture Capital Trust) is a UK-listed investment vehicle that pools retail capital into early-stage companies, offering investors tax reliefs in exchange for holding shares for a minimum period.
- [VDD (Vendor Due Diligence)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/vdd-vendor-due-diligence.md): VDD (vendor due diligence) is a seller-initiated diligence report — usually commercial, financial, or legal — prepared before a sale so buyers start from a shared factual baseline.
- [Venture Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/venture-capital.md): Venture capital is equity financing from professional funds that invest in high-growth, high-risk startups — trading liquidity and downside protection for the chance of outsized returns on a few winners.
- [Venture Capital Method](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/venture-capital-method.md): The venture capital method is a valuation approach that backs into today's price from an expected exit value, target return multiple, and anticipated dilution from future rounds.
- [Venture Debt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/venture-debt.md): Venture debt is a loan or credit facility for venture-backed companies — typically repaid over three to four years, often with warrants — used to extend runway or fund assets without immediate equity dilution.
- [Venture Growth](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/venture-growth.md): Venture growth — also called growth equity or late-stage venture — is capital for companies with proven product-market fit that need fuel to scale revenue, often with less binary risk than early seed bets.
- [Venture Partner](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/venture-partner.md): A venture partner is a part-time or non-core partner at a VC firm who sources deals, supports portfolio companies, or brings domain expertise — usually without full GP economics or day-to-day fund management.
- [Venture Round in Crypto](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/venture-round-in-crypto.md): A venture round in crypto is equity or token-linked financing for blockchain projects — often mixing traditional SAFEs or priced equity with token warrants, SAFTs, or explicit token allocation rights.
- [Venture Studio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/venture-studio.md): A venture studio — or startup studio — is an organization that repeatedly co-founds companies, supplying ideas, capital, and shared services in exchange for larger founding equity than typical seed VCs receive.
- [Verbal Commit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/verbal-commit.md): A verbal commit is an investor's informal promise to invest a stated amount in an upcoming round — not legally binding until term sheet and closing documents are signed.
- [Vesting](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/vesting.md): Vesting is the schedule by which someone earns ownership of stock or options over time — usually with a cliff — so they stay aligned with the company before fully owning their equity.
- [Veto Rights](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/veto-rights.md): Veto rights give specific shareholders or board members the power to block major corporate actions — such as sales, new financing, or charter changes — even if a majority otherwise approves.
- [Vintage Year Benchmark](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/vintage-year-benchmark.md): A vintage year benchmark compares a venture fund's performance to other funds that started investing in the same calendar year — controlling for market conditions and cycle timing.
- [Virality](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/virality.md): Virality is growth driven by existing users inviting or exposing new users — each customer acquisition spawning additional organic signups through loops, shares, or network effects.
- [Voting Agreement](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/voting-agreement.md): A voting agreement is a contract among shareholders — often founders and investors — that binds how they vote their shares on board elections, sales, and other key decisions.
- [W&I Insurance](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/w-and-i-insurance.md): W&I insurance — warranty and indemnity insurance — covers breaches of seller representations in M&A, replacing or supplementing escrow holdbacks and personal liability for deal parties.
- [Warehouse Deal](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/warehouse-deal.md): A warehouse deal is an arrangement where an investor or bank temporarily holds assets — often loans or securities — before packaging and selling them to longer-term holders or securitization vehicles.
- [Warehouse Line](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/warehouse-line.md): A warehouse line is a revolving credit facility that funds a pool of assets — usually loans or receivables — until they are sold or securitized into longer-term funding.
- [Warehousing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/warehousing.md): Warehousing is the practice of temporarily holding financial assets on a balance sheet or credit facility — staging them until they can be sold, securitized, or allocated to long-term investors.
- [Warm Intro](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/warm-intro.md): A warm intro is an introduction to an investor, customer, or hire made by someone who already trusts both parties — carrying social proof that cold outreach lacks.
- [Warrants](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/warrants.md): Warrants are contracts giving the holder the right to buy company stock at a fixed price before expiration — commonly issued to venture debt lenders or strategic partners as equity kickers.
- [Warranty and Indemnity Insurance](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/warranty-and-indemnity-insurance.md): Warranty and indemnity insurance — the same product as W&I insurance — protects buyers and sellers in M&A when representations in the purchase agreement prove false, reducing escrow and personal indemnity exposure.
- [Washout Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/washout-round.md): A washout round is a severely down financing — often structured recap — where earlier shareholders' ownership and economic value are heavily diluted or wiped out by new money and preference resets.
- [Waterfall](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/waterfall.md): In venture and private equity, a waterfall is the ordered distribution of cash — from exits, dividends, or fund distributions — specifying who gets paid how much and in what sequence.
- [Waterfall Chart](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/waterfall-chart.md): A waterfall chart is a visual that shows how a starting value changes through sequential additions and subtractions — common in finance for revenue bridges, fund returns, and exit proceeds allocation.
- [Weighted Average Anti-Dilution](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/weighted-average-anti-dilution.md): Weighted average anti-dilution adjusts the conversion price of preferred stock in a down round based on how much new money came in and at what price — a middle ground between full ratchet and no protection.
- [Willingness to Pay](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/willingness-to-pay.md): Willingness to pay (WTP) is the maximum price a customer would accept for a product's benefits — the ceiling for pricing before they switch or skip the purchase.
- [Win Rate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/win-rate.md): Win rate is the percentage of qualified opportunities that convert to closed deals — in sales pipelines for startups, or in deal sourcing for venture investors.
- [Wind Down](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/wind-down.md): A wind down is the orderly shutdown of a company — selling assets, paying creditors, distributing remaining cash, and dissolving the legal entity when the business is no longer viable.
- [Winner-Take-All](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/winner-take-all.md): Winner-take-all describes markets where one dominant company captures most industry economics — often through network effects, scale, or standards — leaving little room for equal-sized rivals.
- [Winner-Take-Most](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/winner-take-most.md): Winner-take-most describes markets where a leading company captures a disproportionate share — but credible second and third players still earn meaningful outcomes, unlike pure winner-take-all dominance.
- [Wire](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/wire.md): A wire — wire transfer — is the electronic movement of funds between bank accounts, marking the moment investment capital actually lands in a startup's account at round close.
- [Work-Out](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/work-out.md): A work-out is the restructuring of a distressed investment — loan, fund asset, or portfolio company — through negotiated changes to terms, operations, or capital structure to recover value instead of immediate liquidation.
- [Working Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/working-capital.md): Working capital is current assets minus current liabilities — the short-term liquidity buffer a company uses to fund inventory, receivables, and payables in day-to-day operations.
- [Working Capital Adjustment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/working-capital-adjustment.md): A working capital adjustment is a post-closing purchase price change in M&A when the company's actual net working capital at close differs from the agreed target or peg.
- [Working Capital Peg](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/working-capital-peg.md): A working capital peg is the target net working capital level agreed in an M&A deal — the baseline used to calculate post-closing purchase price adjustments.
- [Write-Down](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/write-down.md): A write-down is reducing the carrying value of an asset on the books — marking a portfolio company or loan below prior reported value when performance or market conditions deteriorate.
- [Write-Off](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/write-off.md): A write-off removes or zeroes the carrying value of an investment deemed unrecoverable — when a portfolio company fails, debt defaults, or assets are abandoned.
- [Write-Up](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/write-up.md): A write-up increases the carrying value of an investment on the books — reflecting higher fair value from up rounds, strong performance, or favorable public market comparables.
- [Written Consent](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/written-consent.md): Written consent is board or shareholder approval documented in signed writing instead of a live meeting — standard for routine venture financings and corporate actions between board calls.
- [XIRR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/xirr.md): XIRR (extended internal rate of return) is an annualized return metric that handles irregular cash flows on uneven dates — the standard way LPs and GPs measure fund performance when capital calls and distributions do not follow a fixed schedule.
- [Yearn for Yield](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/yearn-for-yield.md): Yearn for yield describes the investor behavior of stretching into riskier or less liquid assets — private equity, venture, private credit, or longer-duration bonds — when public-market yields feel too low to meet return targets.
- [Yield to Maturity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/yield-to-maturity.md): Yield to maturity (YTM) is the total annualized return a bondholder earns if they hold a bond until it repays principal at maturity — accounting for its current price, coupon payments, and time remaining.
- [Zombie Company](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/zombie-company.md): A zombie company is a venture-backed startup that stays alive — barely profitable or still burning — but cannot raise new capital on reasonable terms, grow into an exit, or shut down cleanly.
- [Zombie Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/glossary/zombie-fund.md): A zombie fund is a venture or private equity fund past its normal investing period that still holds illiquid portfolio companies — unable to distribute meaningful capital to LPs or raise a successor fund on prior terms.

## Articles (911)

- [VC News MCP: Query Funding Rounds and Investors With AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/vc-news-mcp-webmcp-guide.md): Connect an AI assistant to Venture Capital Tracker’s public, read-only MCP for source-linked funding rounds, company funding histories, VC fund search, and investor shortlists.
- [September 10–12 Investment News: Motive $1.3B, Xapien $56M, Physical AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-10-12-investment-news-motive-xapien-physical-ai.md): Fresh tape after Sep 10 megaday PRs: Motive’s $1.3B+ GC CVF and S-1 pull, Xapien $56M, Ultimarii ~$9.5M (C$13M+), Kinetix ~$75M Angel+, Furo $4M, nocall ~$5.2M, Enigmata $6.5M — plus AIDIN and Provilac briefs.
- [Enigmata’s $6.5M Seed: Train AI Without Exposing Plaintext](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-enigmata-6-5m-seed-blockchange-encrypted-ai.md): Nashville’s Enigmata emerged from stealth with $6.5 million led by Blockchange Ventures to commercialize Cipher — cryptography that lets models train and search while data stays encrypted. Design partners only; benchmarks are internal.
- [Furo’s $4M Seed: Neo + TQ Back Battery Software From Munich](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-furo-4m-seed-tq-neo-battery-software.md): Munich’s Furo raised $4 million led by TQ Ventures with Neo and Sandberg Bernthal. Deutsche Bahn is a named customer; founders left Silicon Valley to build industrial battery optimization in Germany.
- [Kinetix AI’s ~$75M Angel+: Vertex Bets Early on Full-Stack Humanoids](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-kinetix-ai-75m-angel-vertex-embodied-ai.md): Shenzhen’s Kinetix AI raised more than RMB500 million (~$75M) across Angel+ financings with Temasek’s Vertex Ventures. Founded 2025 by Huawei AD, HKU, and Xpeng robotics veterans — valuation undisclosed.
- [Motive’s $1.3B+ GC CVF Check: $600M ARR, S-1 Pulled](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-motive-1-3b-growth-financing-general-catalyst-cvf.md): Motive secured more than $1.3 billion from General Catalyst’s Customer Value Fund on September 10, 2026, crossed $600M ARR at 30% growth, and withdrew its December 2025 S-1. Valuation and CVF instrument terms were not disclosed.
- [nocall’s ~$5.2M Series A: JAFCO Bets on Japanese Voice Agents](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-nocall-5-2m-series-a-jafco-archetype-voice.md): Tokyo’s nocall raised about ¥800 million (~$5.2M) Series A co-led by JAFCO and Archetype Ventures. Cumulative funding tops ¥1 billion for generative-AI phone automation in automotive, finance, and recruiting.
- [Ultimarii’s ~$9.5M (C$13M+) Series A: BDC Backs Permitting AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ultimarii-13m-cad-series-a-bdc-regulatory-ai.md): Calgary’s Ultimarii raised more than C$13 million (~$9.5M) in Series A and related financing led by BDC’s Industrial Innovation Venture Fund. Regulatory AI for energy, mining, and utilities — expanding U.S. datasets next.
- [Xapien’s $56M Series B: Spectrum Bets on Always-On Due Diligence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-xapien-56m-series-b-spectrum-due-diligence-ai.md): Spectrum Equity led Xapien’s $56 million Series B on September 11, 2026. The AI due-diligence platform claims 350%+ ARR growth over 24 months, 350 clients in 15 countries, and half of revenue already from the U.S.
- [Buildcheck’s $12M Series A: Telescope Funds Vision AI for Construction Drawing Review](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-buildcheck-12m-series-a-telescope-construction-ai.md): Nine months after a $5.9M seed, Buildcheck raised $12M Series A led by Telescope Partners on Sep 9, 2026 — with DPR’s WND Ventures — as GCs automate the preconstruction checks that still burn billions.
- [Bulwark Dynamics’ $6.8M Seed: Autonomous Landing Craft for Contested Shores](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-bulwark-dynamics-6-8m-seed-autonomous-landing-craft.md): Menlo Park’s Bulwark Dynamics raised $6.8M seed on Sep 9, 2026 with SBI US Gateway, Archetype, Nēnē, and Japan’s Onomichi Dockyard — financing unmanned beach landings where contested logistics fail.
- [Clay’s $115M Series D Is $7.1B — ARR Last Printed at $100M in December](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-clay-115m-series-d-7-1b-wellington.md): Clay announced a $115 million Series D at $7.1 billion on September 9, 2026, led by Wellington. That is 2.3× the August 2025 $3.1 billion Series C and 42% above the January 2026 $5 billion employee tender. The Series D wire did not print current ARR. December 2025 $100 million ARR is the last company stock.
- [Covenant’s $250M Is Lifetime Capital at Stealth Exit — Not a September Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-covenant-250m-stealth-anthem-a16z.md): Covenant unveiled Anthem, a heavy-payload cruise missile, on September 9, 2026. Founder Michael Kaufman (a16z) said the 2024 company has raised $250 million. Reuters said just over $250 million from a16z, Founders Fund, Lux, 8VC, Aleph, and Lightspeed. Valuation was not disclosed. About $150 million of orders is Reuters, not the founder post.
- [Cymphony’s $25M Series A: Sequoia Doubles Down on AI Agent Workforce Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cymphony-25m-series-a-sequoia-ai-agent-security.md): NYC–Tel Aviv Cymphony emerged Sep 9, 2026 with a $25M Series A co-led by Sequoia and SMBC Fin Atlas at >$100M post — securing humans and AI agents as one workforce graph.
- [Euno’s $23M Series A: N47 and Cyber Founders Back the Enterprise Context Brain](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-euno-23m-series-a-n47-enterprise-context-brain.md): Israeli-American Euno raised $23M Series A led by N47 on Sep 9, 2026 ($29M total) so Fortune 500 AI agents stop being “stupid” about which data to trust — with Wiz, Cyera, and Eon founders on the cap table.
- [Harvey’s $550M Print Is $15.5B Company, $15.6B Bloomberg — Blog Omits ARR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-harvey-550m-15-5b-lightspeed-diffusion.md): Harvey announced $550 million at a $15.5 billion valuation on September 9, 2026, co-led by Diffusion and Lightspeed. Bloomberg printed $15.6 billion. The company blog and Reuters did not name a series letter or print ARR. LawSites attributed $400 million ARR to a Weinberg LinkedIn post we did not retrieve. Same day: Guardrails AI, price undisclosed, Harvey’s fourth 2026 acquisition.
- [Highstock’s $30M a16z Series A: $1B Listed, Sell-Through Dark](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-highstock-30m-series-a-a16z.md): a16z led Highstock’s $30 million Series A on September 10, 2026. The NYC surplus-inventory marketplace now lists more than $1 billion of product — ten times the $100 million it confirmed at a $5.5 million Greylock seed. Valuation, GMV, and take rate were not disclosed.
- [Lightfield’s $47M Series A: a16z Bets on CRM Built for Agents, Not Forms](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-lightfield-47m-series-a-a16z-agent-crm.md): Tome founders pivoted to an AI-native CRM. a16z led $47M on Sep 9, 2026 as Lightfield claims 5,000+ company signups and agent-ready customer context Salesforce was never designed to hold.
- [September 9–10 Investment News: Agent CRM, Agent Security, Context, Construction, Defense](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-9-10-investment-news-agent-crm-security-context.md): Sep 9 tape we deep-dive: Lightfield $47M (a16z), Cymphony $25M (Sequoia), Euno $23M (N47), Buildcheck $12M (Telescope), Bulwark $6.8M seed — plus what we skipped as talks or already claimed.
- [September 9–10 VC News: Harvey $15.5B, Clay $7.1B, Covenant $250M Lifetime](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-9-10-investment-news-harvey-clay-covenant.md): Gap-fill through September 10: Harvey announced $550 million at $15.5 billion (Bloomberg $15.6 billion; company blog omits ARR). Clay closed $115 million Series D at $7.1 billion (ARR last printed $100 million in December 2025). Covenant unveiled Anthem with $250 million lifetime capital — not a dated September round. YC Summer 2026 Demo Day is September 10. Does not duplicate open PRs #140 and #142–#144. Mistral €3B is on main (#141).
- [PHYMI’s Seed Is Almost $100M — IDG Led; Exact Amount and Mark Unknown](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-phymi-100m-seed-idg-embodied-ai.md): IDG Capital led a seed of almost $100 million for 2026-founded Chinese embodied-AI company PHYMI, per a September 9, 2026 WeChat post cited by DealStreetAsia. Valuation was not disclosed. Didi Global and Hesai Group participated. This is a USD-led print; no yuan figure was in the English report used here.
- [September 8–9 VC News: Antioch $32M, TrueBridge $508M, YC Seeds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-9-investment-news-antioch-truebridge-yc.md): Gap-fill on the September 9 pass: Greylock led Antioch’s $32 million Series A. TrueBridge closed Secondaries II at $508 million. Blee’s Series A is $20 million ($27 million is lifetime). CloudNC’s $20 million is a B extension; $128 million lifetime does not add from 2022. PHYMI’s seed is almost $100 million. Herdr $6 million Bessemer. VideoGen $3.3 million is roundup-only. Does not duplicate open PRs on Mistral, Cognition, or Jet Zero.
- [Antioch’s $32M Series A: Greylock Bets on Sim, Not a Billion-Dollar Data Collect](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-antioch-32m-series-a-greylock-physical-ai.md): Greylock led a $32 million Series A for New York physical-AI simulator Antioch on September 8, 2026. Amazon’s Ring is named in the release. Valuation, ARR, and a company total that reconciles seed plus pre-seed were not disclosed.
- [Blee’s Series A Is $20M — The $27M Headline Is Lifetime Funding](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-blee-20m-series-a-yc-marketing-compliance.md): Fin Capital and SMBC Fin Atlas Beyond Fund co-led a $20 million Series A for New York marketing-compliance company Blee on September 8, 2026. $27 million is total funding after the round. Y Combinator returned. Valuation was not disclosed.
- [Cato’s €6M Seed: Keen Bets on Italy’s €310B Public-Tender Workflow](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cato-6m-eur-seed-keen-italy-public-tenders.md): Keen Venture Partners led Milan’s Cato to a €6M seed (€7.6M total) — AI that finds, parses, and drafts Italian public tenders for sales teams stuck in PDF bureaucracy.
- [CloudNC’s $20M B Extension: Four Years After Autodesk, $128M Lifetime Does Not Add](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cloudnc-20m-series-b-extension-nimble.md): Nimble Ventures led a $20 million Series B extension for London CNC software company CloudNC, reported September 8, 2026. The last major print was a $45 million Autodesk-led Series B in June 2022 (~$78 million lifetime then). The CEO told TechCrunch lifetime capital is now $128 million. Valuation was not disclosed.
- [Cognition’s $2B Series E at $48B: a16z and Accel Double Down After Cursor’s Exit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cognition-2b-series-e-48b-a16z-accel.md): Devin maker Cognition closed more than $2B at $48B — nearly doubling May’s $26B mark — as company-stated run-rate climbed from $492M to almost $900M in four months.
- [The Exploration Company’s $450M Series C: Atomico, EQT Scaleup, and Bessemer Bet on European Reuse](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-exploration-company-450m-series-c-atomico-bessemer.md): TEC closed $450M Series C — billed as Europe’s largest space Series C — co-led by Atomico and EQT’s Scaleup Europe Fund with Bessemer, citing >$2B in contracts and a 2028 ISS docking target for Nyx.
- [Forus’s $150M Series C at $3B: Bain Leads the AI Layer Between Rx and First Dose](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-forus-150m-series-c-3b-bain.md): Bain Capital Ventures led Forus’s $150M Series C at $3B — tripling a ~$1B May mark — as the former Tandem builds AI agents that move specialty prescriptions through insurance, assistance, and pharmacy.
- [Fundly.ai’s ~$4.9M: Accel and Multiply Expand India Pharma Commerce Rails](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-fundly-ai-4m-accel-multiply-pharma-rails.md): Mumbai’s Fundly.ai raised ~$4M equity led by Accel and Multiply Ventures plus ~$0.9M venture debt (~$4.9M) — doubling down after a 2023 $3M seed as it stacks B2B commerce, payments, and credit for pharma distribution.
- [Herdr’s $6M Seed: Bessemer Leads a YC Terminal Runtime — No Users in the Post](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-herdr-6m-seed-bessemer-yc.md): Bessemer Venture Partners led a $6 million seed for Herdr on September 8, 2026, with Y Combinator and e2vc in the round. The company blog disclosed no valuation, revenue, or user count. Hiring is via SSH to herdr.dev.
- [Jaipur Robotics’ €4.3M Seed: EquityPitcher and HTGF Automate Waste-Plant Vision](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-jaipur-robotics-4-3m-eur-seed-equitypitcher-htgf.md): Swiss Jaipur Robotics closed a €4.3M seed co-led by EquityPitcher and HTGF — company-claimed 50M+ labeled images across 35+ European waste-to-energy plants as it pushes crane automation and India entry.
- [Jet Zero’s ~$21.6M Series C: Qantas, Airbus, and POSCO Finance Australian SAF Buildout](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-jet-zero-30m-aud-series-c-qantas-airbus-posco.md): Jet Zero Australia closed A$30M (~$21.6M) Series C with Qantas and Airbus returning and POSCO International joining — total >A$80M as Project Ulysses clears Queensland approval ahead of FID.
- [Mistral Closed €3B Series D at €21B+ — Samsung Led; June €20B Was Talks](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-mistral-3b-series-d-samsung-eqt.md): Mistral announced a €3 billion (~$3.5B) Series D on September 8, 2026 at a post-money of more than €21 billion. Samsung Electronics led. Scaleup Europe Fund (EQT) and PSG Equity co-led. June Bloomberg/TechCrunch copy was talks at about €20 billion. ARR was not in the company post. Samsung’s cheque size was not disclosed.
- [Molten Ventures Growth Fund: £175M First Close, BBB £75M Cornerstone Toward £350M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-molten-ventures-growth-fund-175m-first-close-bbb.md): London-listed Molten Ventures announced a £175M first close of its Growth Fund — British Business Bank £75M cornerstone plus £100M from Molten — targeting £350M for Series B+ UK/Europe tech.
- [Navana.ai’s ~$4.2M Series A: Screwvala and Antler Bet on Regulated Indian Voice](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-navana-ai-4-2m-series-a-screwvala-antler-voice.md): Ronnie Screwvala led Navana.ai’s ₹40 crore (~$4.2M) Series A with Antler India — company-claimed 100M+ BFSI voice minutes across 12 languages and 45 dialects, with on-prem options for banks.
- [Sapien’s $180M Valuation Round: Neo Leads the AI Layer That Traces Ops to P&L](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sapien-180m-valuation-neo-fpna.md): Neo’s Ali Partovi led a new Sapien financing at a $180M valuation — amount undisclosed — as the GC-seeded FP&A startup expands into operational profit analytics for Bayer, Cooper Standard, and peers.
- [September 7–8 Investment News: SAF, Voice, Tenders, Industrial AI, Funds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-7-8-investment-news-saf-voice-tenders-industrial.md): Grouped coverage of Jet Zero’s ~$21.6M Series C, Navana’s ~$4.2M Series A, Cato’s €6M seed, Jaipur Robotics’ €4.3M seed, Fundly’s ~$4.9M, plus Molten’s £175M and W Health’s ₹700 Cr fund closes — skipping Pixxel/Nua and recycled Upwind/HubX noise.
- [September 8–9 Investment News: Cognition $48B, Space Reuse Megarounds, Forus $3B](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-8-9-investment-news-cognition-space-health.md): Grouped coverage of Cognition’s $2B Series E at $48B, Stoke’s $1B Series E, The Exploration Company’s $450M Series C, Forus’s $150M at $3B, and Sapien’s $180M valuation round — plus hygiene notes on Mistral (open PR #141) and recycled tape.
- [September 8 VC News: Mistral €3B Series D at €21B+](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-8-investment-news-mistral-series-d.md): Gap-fill on the September 8 pass: Mistral closed a €3 billion Series D led by Samsung Electronics at a post-money of more than €21 billion. June €20 billion copy was talks. Roundup-only: Veridue $4 million pre-seed (Tech Funding News). Does not duplicate open PR #140 (Jet Zero, Navana, Cato, Jaipur, Fundly, Molten, W Health).
- [Stoke Space’s $1B Series E: Point72 and Spark Fund Full Reuse Before First Orbit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-stoke-space-1b-series-e-point72-spark.md): Stoke completed an initial $1B Series E co-led by Point72 Ventures and Spark Capital — $2.3B total raised — to fly Nova Pathfinder in early 2027 and build 15-ton Nova Block 2 for 2029.
- [TrueBridge Secondaries II Closes $508M — More Than 2× Fund I, No LP Names](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-truebridge-secondaries-ii-508m.md): TrueBridge Capital Partners announced the final close of Secondaries II at $508 million on September 8, 2026. Fund I closed at $230 million in 2024. LP names were not disclosed. $15.0 billion is regulatory AUM for the whole firm, not this vehicle.
- [W Health Ventures Fund II: ~$80M Final Close at ₹700 Cr for Company Creation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-w-health-ventures-fund-ii-700-cr-final-close.md): W Health Ventures closed Fund II at ₹700 crore (~$80M), above its ₹630 Cr target — a physician-operator company-creation vehicle already launching Everhope Oncology and Everbright Health.
- [Cari’s $32.5M: Regional Banks Fund Their Own Tokenized-Deposit Rail](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cari-32-5m-bank-funded-tokenized-deposits.md): Seven named U.S. banks put $32.5M into Cari’s first external tranche — zero traditional VC — to own shared infrastructure for minting and settling tokenized deposits inside the regulatory perimeter.
- [Fluencify’s $4.3M Pre-Seed: byFounders Backs Creator Ops at $2M ARR in Six Months](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-fluencify-4-3m-preseed-byfounders-creator-ai.md): Stockholm’s Fluencify closed an oversubscribed $4.3M pre-seed led by byFounders after founder-claimed >$2M ARR with six people — AI-run ambassador UGC as it opens a New York GTM office.
- [Mokobara’s ~$18M Series C: Sauce Leads as Filings Show a Smaller Primary](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-mokobara-18m-series-c-sauce-peak-xv-primary-secondary.md): Investor-side coverage puts Mokobara’s Series C at ~$18M (~₹170 Cr) led by Sauce.vc with Peak XV — but RoC filings show ~₹90.7 Cr of new shares, so much of the headline is likely secondary.
- [Nua’s $50M Series C Mixes Primary and Secondary — No Split, No Valuation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-nua-50m-series-c-peak-xv-filter.md): Peak XV and Filter Capital led a $50 million (~₹472 crore) Series C for Mumbai women’s-wellness brand Nua on September 7, 2026. The company said the print mixes primary capital and secondaries. Inc42 had reported $20–25 million talks. Valuation was not disclosed. ₹500 crore annualised run rate is a company claim.
- [Pixxel’s $100M Series C: Temasek and Seraphim Bet on Indian Hyperspectral Infrastructure](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-pixxel-100m-series-c-temasek-seraphim.md): Temasek and Seraphim co-led Pixxel’s $100M Series C — India’s largest single space-tech private round — taking total funding to $195M as Firefly, Honeybee, and Aurora scale after NASA and NRO contracts.
- [September 6–7 VC News: Nua $50M Series C (Primary + Secondary)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-6-7-investment-news-nua-india-wellness.md): Gap-fill on the September 7 pass: Nua closed a $50 million Series C led by Peak XV and Filter Capital. The company said the print mixes primary and secondary and did not give the split. Briefs: WAD Capital’s €67.5 million first close (Pulse2; search-fund ETA). Atoms robotaxi talk is FT via TechCrunch, not a new round. Pixxel/Zeit clusters are on merged PRs #138/#137. Next day: Mistral Series D.
- [September 6–7 Investment News: Space, Bank Rails, Creator Ops, D2C](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-6-7-investment-news-space-fintech-creator.md): Grouped coverage of Pixxel’s $100M Series C, Cari’s $32.5M bank-only tranche, Fluencify’s $4.3M pre-seed, and Mokobara’s ~$18M Series C — plus hygiene skips for recycled Agnikul/Etched/Netris noise.
- [AI Score’s $5.4M Seed: Runtime Governance for Enterprise Agents](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ai-score-5-4m-seed-enterprise-agent-governance.md): Fuel Ventures led a $5.4M seed for London’s AI Score — NCSC-rooted founders selling live oversight of generative and agentic AI as boards lose visibility into what agents actually do.
- [Backbone’s €4M Pre-Seed: AI Quality Brain for Food Producers](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-backbone-4m-eur-preseed-food-quality-ai.md): Ex-Henchman founders raised €4M led by Pitchdrive — with Agristo and Darta on the cap table — to automate food quality ops still stuck in spreadsheets and email.
- [Comet’s ~$10.6M Series B: Verlinvest Bets on Indian Sneaker Retail](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-comet-10-6m-series-b-verlinvest-india-sneakers.md): Bengaluru’s Comet raised ₹100 Cr (~$10.6M) led by Verlinvest — Elevation and Nexus returning — to double CoCo stores and fund proprietary sole tooling after FY25’s ₹29.1 Cr revenue.
- [Diameter Pay’s $10M Series A: Dollar Rails + Stablecoin Ramps for Banks](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-diameter-pay-10m-series-a-stablecoin-dollar-rails.md): Bootstrapped Diameter Pay raised $10M co-led by CMT Digital and Lightspeed Faction after claiming >$10B YTD payment volume — selling compliant USD access, not a consumer remittance app.
- [Easy Aerial’s $20M Series B: Tethered Drones for Persistent ISR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-easy-aerial-20m-series-b-insight-tethered-drones.md): NYC’s Easy Aerial closed $20M with Insight Partners and Entrée Capital — scaling tethered UAS that stay aloft on ground power for defense and critical infrastructure.
- [September 5–6 Investment News: Data Agents, Dollar Rails, Defense, D2C](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-5-6-investment-news-data-fintech-defense.md): Gap-fill tape: Zeit AI €5M, Diameter Pay $10M, Backbone €4M, Easy Aerial $20M, AI Score $5.4M, Comet ~$10.6M — plus brief notes on Piney and recycled mega-round noise to ignore.
- [September 5–6 VC News: Swish $250M Fund III, ServiceNow–Sweep Reported](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-5-6-investment-news-swish-sweep.md): Gap-fill on the September 6 pass: Swish Ventures closed Fund III at $250 million (September 3; $800 million is AUM). ServiceNow confirmed it acquired Sweep with no release; about $400 million is Geektime. Roundup-only: AI Score $5.4 million, iPremom €15 million, Adobe–Rilo, Tensive €20 million EIB loan. Does not duplicate XDOF/Nscale or merged #135/#136.
- [Did ServiceNow Buy Sweep? Spokesperson Yes. $400M Is Still Reported.](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-servicenow-sweep-400m-reported.md): A ServiceNow spokesperson confirmed to Geektime and CTech that ServiceNow has acquired Sweep (sweep.io). No company press release. Official terms undisclosed. Geektime sources put the price at about $400 million; CTech wrote hundreds of millions. Insight led the May 2025 $22.5 million Series B; Bessemer returned. Not Sweep the climate company.
- [Swish Ventures Closes $250M Fund III — $800M Is AUM, Not This Vehicle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-swish-ventures-250m-fund-iii.md): Omri Casspi’s Swish Ventures closed Fund III at $250 million on September 3, 2026. The firm said AUM is about $800 million. Named portfolio overlap on this site: Cognition, Wonderful, and Upwind. Sequoia is a press-named LP. No Swish /fund/ page here.
- [Zeit AI’s €5M Seed: Palantir Alumni Sell the Mid-Market Data Hire](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-zeit-ai-5m-eur-seed-mid-market-data-engineer.md): Munich’s Zeit AI closed €5M (~$5.8M) with YC, Hasso Plattner VC, and industrial angels — pitching ZeitMind as the autonomous data engineer Mittelstand firms cannot hire.
- [Atira’s $17.5M Accel Seed: AI for Industrial RFQ Bottlenecks](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-atira-17-5m-accel-industrial-sales-ai.md): Munich’s Atira raised a $15M Accel-led seed and disclosed a $2.5M pre-seed — attacking multi-week built-to-order bid cycles with sales-engineering AI on CRM, ERP, and CPQ.
- [HiBob’s $166M Salesforce Round: HR Data as Org Intelligence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-hibob-166m-salesforce-3-2b-org-intelligence.md): Salesforce led HiBob’s $166M investment at a CTech-reported ~$3.2B valuation after founder-claimed $400M+ ARR — Farallon returns as HiBob bets workforce context becomes AI infrastructure.
- [Hivebotics’ $6M Series A: Restroom Robots Into Mass Production](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-hivebotics-6m-series-a-vertex-restroom-robots.md): Vertex Ventures SEA & India led Hivebotics’ $6M Series A — Abluo’s articulated-arm restroom robot logged ~10,000 hours across 20 sites; capital funds production scale and physical AI.
- [Nscale $3.5B Pre-IPO Talks: $1.5B Converts, $2B Nvidia Ask](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-nscale-3-5b-pre-ipo-financing.md): TechCrunch, citing Bloomberg, said Nscale is in talks for about $3.5 billion of pre-IPO financing — $1.5 billion of convertible notes plus $2 billion from Nvidia. Not a priced equity close. The Information, via TechCrunch: the $103 billion revenue figure is projected lease revenue, not current sales.
- [Octave.energy’s €10M Series A: Profitable Batteries Meet Grid Congestion](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-octave-energy-10m-eur-series-a-battery-ems.md): SPDG Growth led Octave.energy’s €10M Series A (equity + flexible debt) after €16M 2025 revenue and three profitable years — Belgian BESS+EMS expansion into NL, France, and Germany.
- [September 4–5 Investment News: Industrial AI, Logistics, HR, Climate](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-4-5-investment-news-industrial-logistics-hr.md): Grouped coverage of Atira’s Accel seed, Sirdab’s $10M GCC logistics Series A, Hivebotics’ $6M Vertex robotics raise, Octave.energy’s €10M profitable BESS round, and HiBob’s $166M Salesforce investment — plus Rwaj and reported AI mega-talks.
- [September 4–5 VC News: XDOF $1.2B Talks, Nscale $3.5B Pre-IPO Ask](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-4-5-investment-news-xdof-nscale.md): TechCrunch’s September 4 tape: XDOF in late-stage Series B talks at about $1.2 billion (8VC; amount unknown) and Nscale shopping about $3.5 billion of pre-IPO paper ($1.5 billion converts plus $2 billion Nvidia). Neither is a company close. Does not duplicate open PRs #135 or #136.
- [Sirdab’s $10M Series A: GCC Logistics Rails After YC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sirdab-10m-series-a-gcc-logistics.md): Elm and BECO Capital co-led Sirdab’s $10M Series A — a YC W23 Saudi logistics layer claiming 20x revenue since batch, profitability, and 850+ businesses on a shared warehouse network.
- [XDOF $1.2B Series B Talks: 8VC Lead, Amount Unknown](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-xdof-1-2b-series-b-talks-8vc.md): TechCrunch, citing several people, said XDOF is in late-stage Series B talks at about $1.2 billion led by 8VC. Check size, pre vs post, and close were not disclosed. XDOF and 8VC did not comment. Last company print: $70 million in June from Thrive, a16z, Spark, Lux, and WndrCo.
- [Crusoe’s Reported $3B Round at $30B: Neoclouds Price Like Utilities](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-crusoe-3b-30b-valuation-jane-street.md): Bloomberg/TechCrunch: Crusoe raised $3B+ at ~$30B post-money co-led by Atreides and Valor Equity, with Mubadala Capital — after a reported ~$13B five-year Jane Street GPU deal.
- [Gimlet Labs’ $300M at $3B: Multi-Chip Inference Gets a16z Scale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-gimlet-labs-300m-3b-a16z.md): Andreessen Horowitz led Gimlet Labs’ $300M round at a $3B valuation — six months after an $80M Series A — with Arm and Microsoft’s M12 joining the inference-routing bet.
- [Guardio’s $40M at $1.1B: Consumer Cyber With $150M ARR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-guardio-40m-1-1b-consumer-cyber.md): Guardio raised $40M at a $1.1B valuation — Wiz co-founder Assaf Rappaport joined returning Israeli growth investors — after hitting $150M ARR and 1M paying customers.
- [Huskeys’ $27M Series A: Blackstone’s First Early Cyber Lead](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-huskeys-27m-series-a-blackstone.md): Blackstone Innovations Investments led Huskeys’ $27M Series A at a $100M+ valuation — five months after stealth — for Network Edge Security Management with TikTok, LEGOLAND, and Hugging Face among logos.
- [iPronics’ $125M Series B: Optical Circuit Switching for AI Clusters](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ipronics-125m-series-b-optical-ai.md): Maverick Silicon and Light Street Capital co-led iPronics’ $125M Series B — with NVIDIA participating — to scale programmable silicon-photonics switches for AI data-center networks.
- [Did Nvidia Buy Hugging Face? Agreed. $12.93B. Not Closed.](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-nvidia-hugging-face-12-9b-acquisition.md): Nvidia agreed to acquire Hugging Face. Jensen Huang’s September 3, 2026 post names $12,930,300,000. The 8-K split is about $11.9 billion to stockholders plus up to $1 billion in employee retention. Signed September 2. Expected close: first half of 2027. Not closed.
- [September 3–4 Investment News: AI Infra, Cyber, Wearables](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-3-4-investment-news-ai-infra-cyber.md): Grouped coverage of the week’s standout closes and reported megas — Wonderful $550M, Crusoe $3B+, Gimlet $300M, Upwind $300M, Ultrahuman $70M, Guardio $40M, Huskeys $27M, iPronics $125M — plus Fluidstack and HiBob briefs.
- [September 3–4 VC News: Nvidia–Hugging Face $12.93B Agreed](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-3-4-investment-news-nvidia-hugging-face.md): Nvidia agreed to buy Hugging Face for $12.93 billion (not closed; H1 2027). Also this window: Sirdab $10M Series A (YC, company says profitable), Elucid $55M Series D, Zeit AI €4.3M, Hivebotics $6M. Does not duplicate open PR #135 (Wonderful/Crusoe/Gimlet/Upwind cluster).
- [Ultrahuman’s $70M at $365M: Smart Rings Become On-Finger Computers](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ultrahuman-70m-365m-qualcomm.md): Qualcomm Ventures joined Ultrahuman’s $70M round ($65M equity + $5M debt) at a $365M valuation — betting rings can run software, AI, and games on-device, not only sleep metrics.
- [Upwind’s $300M at $3.8B: Cloud Security After the Wiz Vacuum](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-upwind-300m-series-c-3-8b.md): Bessemer and TCV reportedly led Upwind’s ~$300M Series C at ~$3.8B — more than doubling January’s ~$1.5B mark — as buyers seek non-Wiz/Google cloud security alternatives.
- [Wonderful’s $550M Series C at $5B: Enterprise AI OS Doubles Again](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-wonderful-550m-series-c-5b-insight.md): Insight Partners led Wonderful’s $550M Series C at a $5B valuation — six months after a $2B Series B — with Salesforce joining and a separate $170M secondary for early holders.
- [Aitan’s $41M Stealth Exit: Robotic Sovereignty-as-a-Service After 500K Combat Hours](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-aitan-41m-robotic-sovereignty-dell-deep33.md): Deep33 and Dell Technologies Capital co-led Aitan’s $41M round ($54M total) as the IDF-proven robotics company opens internationally — 500,000+ combat hours and next-gen attack-drone C2 contracts.
- [Did Palo Alto Networks Buy Console? Yes. $500M Is Still Reported.](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-console-500m-palo-alto-thrive.md): Palo Alto Networks announced on September 1, 2026 that it has acquired Console, a Thrive- and DST-backed IT-agent startup. Terms were not in the press release. TechCrunch, citing two people, said $500 million in cash and stock versus a $157 million PitchBook last mark and $29 million raised.
- [Conveo’s $50M Series A: Balderton and YC Scale AI Consumer Intelligence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-conveo-50m-series-a-balderton-yc.md): DST Global Partners, Balderton Capital, and Y Combinator back Conveo’s $50M Series A — 400+ enterprise customers including Google, Unilever, AB InBev, and Canva as AI research becomes continuous intelligence infrastructure.
- [HiddenLayer’s $100M Series B: AI Security With 10× ARR and DoD Logos](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-hiddenlayer-100m-series-b-ai-security.md): Delta-v Capital led HiddenLayer’s $100M Series B as AI security spend surges — company claims 10× ARR growth into the tens of millions, with financial services, big tech, and DoD/IC contracts.
- [HyImpulse’s €50M Series A Close: Paraffin Rockets With a €350M Order Book](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-hyimpulse-50m-euro-series-a-join-ace.md): JOIN Capital and Ace Capital Partners co-led €50M to finish HyImpulse’s Series A near €100M — German hybrid propulsion startup cites €125M total capital (equity + grants) and a €350M order book ahead of SR75 and SL1 flights.
- [iPronics $125M Series B: Nvidia In, No Valuation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ipronics-125m-series-b-nvidia-optics.md): Valencia-based iPronics announced a $125 million Series B on September 2, 2026, co-led by Maverick Silicon and Light Street Capital, with Nvidia joining. Total funding is now $177 million. Valuation was not disclosed. The product is a silicon-photonics optical circuit switch for AI clusters, not a GPU.
- [Lyte’s $165M Series C at $1.6B: Custom Silicon for Robot Perception](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-lyte-165m-series-c-1-6b-physical-ai.md): Maverick Silicon led Lyte’s $165M Series C at a $1.6B post-money valuation — former Apple/PrimeSense engineers shipping synchronized vision silicon for physical AI, with Fidelity returning from the Series B.
- [September 2–3 Investment News: Health, Robotics, AI Security, Space](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-2-3-investment-news-health-robotics-ai-security.md): Grouped coverage of the week’s standout closes — Thyme Care $125M+, Lyte $165M, HiddenLayer $100M, Conveo $50M, Aitan $41M, HyImpulse €50M — plus Huskeys’ $27M Blackstone-led Series A.
- [September 2–3 VC News: Wonderful $5B, Console $500M Reported, iPronics $125M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-2-3-investment-news-wonderful-console-optics.md): Gap-fill after open drafts on Félix and the Thyme Care/Lyte/HiddenLayer cluster: Wonderful’s $550 million Series C at a $5 billion press mark, Palo Alto Networks’ Console acquisition ($500 million is still reported), and iPronics’ $125 million Nvidia-participating Series B. Roundup-only: Metal $4.5 million, Cognition ~$47 billion reported, Moonshot HK IPO talks.
- [Thyme Care’s $125M Series E: Oncology Navigation Clears $2B With Payer Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-thyme-care-125m-series-e-2b-morgan-health.md): Morgan Health led Thyme Care’s $125M+ Series E above a $2B valuation — Humana, CVS Health Ventures, AlleyCorp, and a16z Bio + Health joined as the company spins up Thyme Companies for biosimilars and trial access.
- [Wonderful $550M Series C at $5B: 2.5× in Six Months, Still No ARR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-wonderful-550m-series-c-5b.md): Wonderful announced a $550 million Series C on September 2, 2026. TechCrunch and the Wall Street Journal put the mark at $5 billion, 2.5× the March $2 billion Series B. Insight Partners led again. ARR was not disclosed. WSJ separately reported $170 million of employee-share purchases.
- [AfterQuery $3.2B: YC’s Fastest Unicorn Is Still a Reported Mark](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-afterquery-3-2b-yc-fastest-unicorn-reported.md): Forbes, citing two people with knowledge, said AfterQuery reached a $3.2 billion valuation on September 1, 2026 — more than 10× the $300 million Series A five months earlier. Round size, lead, and close were not disclosed. The company did not comment. YC partner Gustaf Alströmer called it the accelerator’s fastest launch-to-unicorn.
- [Clipto $15M at $250M: 17× ARR, Profitable, No Named Lead](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-clipto-15m-250m-hsg-local-video-search.md): On August 31, 2026 Clipto told TechCrunch it raised $15 million all-equity at a $250 million post-money valuation. Founder Henry Kang said $15 million ARR at the start of 2026 and net-income profitability, with just over 20 employees. No lead was named. HSG (formerly Sequoia China) is not Sequoia Capital.
- [Frontier Computing $10M Pre-Seed: GC Bets on Wetware, Not a 500M-Neuron Cluster](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-frontier-computing-10m-pre-seed-general-catalyst.md): Y Combinator Summer 2026 company Frontier Computing disclosed a $10 million pre-seed led by General Catalyst. The live evidence is a Frogger demo (92% peak cross rate after one hour). The 500-million-neuron cluster is a January 2027 target, not a product. YC lists London and a team of one.
- [September 2 VC News: AfterQuery $3.2B Reported, Frontier $10M, Clipto $15M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-2-investment-news-afterquery-frontier-clipto.md): September 2 gap-fill: AfterQuery’s $3.2 billion mark is Forbes-reported (amount unknown, company silent). Frontier Computing disclosed a $10 million YC S26 pre-seed led by General Catalyst — Frogger is the demo, 500 million neurons is a plan. Clipto’s $15 million at $250 million (Aug 31) was missed on the August 31 tape. YC Summer Demo Day remains September 10.
- [a16z Growth Fund Hits $8.5B: $1.75B Top-Up, Not a New Vehicle](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-a16z-8-5b-growth-fund.md): On August 31, 2026 Andreessen Horowitz said its fifth Growth fund now totals $8.5 billion — $1.75 billion more than the $6.75 billion January launch. That is a top-up of an existing growth vehicle, three days after the $1.1 billion Machine Age Fund. LP names were not disclosed.
- [AIR’s $50M Seed: Sequoia Then Greenoaks Bet on a Firewall for AI Agents](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-air-security-50m-seed-sequoia-greenoaks.md): AIR emerged from stealth with $50M across two seeds — Sequoia-led $10M then Greenoaks-led $40M — to discover agents, continuously re-vet skills/MCP add-ons, and block unsafe connections.
- [Aslan’s $20.8M: Khosla and XYZ Fund Human-Supervised AI Agents for National Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-aslan-20-8m-khosla-national-security-agents.md): Khosla Ventures and XYZ led Aslan’s $20.8M launch round with 2048 Ventures and BoxGroup participating — AI agents for criminal forums and Telegram investigations under human supervision.
- [Aug 31–Sep 1 VC News: Grid Capacity, Microfactories, Payments & Prediction Markets](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-31-september-1-investment-news-grid-housing-payments.md): Gap-fill for Aug 31–Sep 1: Gridsight $26M (Insight), Reframe $40M (EIP), Helcim $53M CAD, Apate ~$8.15M, Icon $30M (Founders Fund), Alteon $2.5M, Astromech $20M, plus Polymarket’s reported $1B/$21B talks.
- [Cherubic Ventures Closes $68.88M Fund VI — Early-Stage Vehicle, $500M+ AUM Claim](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cherubic-ventures-68-88m-fund-vi.md): Taipei/US solo-GP firm Cherubic Ventures closed Fund VI at $68.88 million on September 1, 2026 and said AUM across six funds has surpassed $500 million. Mandate is early AI-native companies. Named historical checks we already cover: Astranis and Flexport. No LP names. No Cherubic /fund/ page here.
- [Cloover’s $100M Facility: $350M Run-Rate Claim, Not a New Equity Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cloover-100m-facility-350m-run-rate.md): Berlin’s Cloover said on September 1, 2026 it is profitable at a more than $350 million revenue run rate and added a $100 million (€86.2 million) financing facility. That is installer/household lending capacity, not Series B. January’s package was $22 million equity plus about $1.2 billion of debt. No valuation.
- [Empirik’s $21M Seed: Sequoia Spins Out Change-Risk AI for Infrastructure Outages](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-empirik-21m-seed-sequoia.md): Sequoia-incubated Empirik launches with $21M from Sequoia, Canapi, and Alumni Ventures — predicting outage ripple effects from infrastructure changes before alerts fire, with named customers including S&P Global.
- [Félix’s $200M Series C: a16z Equity + General Catalyst Debt for WhatsApp Remittances](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-felix-200m-series-c-a16z-general-catalyst.md): Andreessen Horowitz led $87M equity and General Catalyst’s Customer Value Fund added $113M debt — Félix says $8B+ processed and revenue up >2.5x as it expands beyond remittances.
- [Félix Raises $87M Equity and Secures a $113M Credit Facility](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-felix-87m-equity-113m-credit-facility.md): Andreessen Horowitz led $87M of equity for WhatsApp-based remittance platform Félix, while General Catalyst supplied a separate $113M lending facility.
- [Gridsight’s $26M Series B: Insight Partners Funds Grid Capacity Software](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-gridsight-26m-series-b-insight-partners.md): Insight Partners led Gridsight’s USD $26M (~A$36M) Series B to sell AI capacity management to utilities facing data-center, EV, and DER interconnection queues — Xcel and Avangrid named.
- [Kepler Aerospace’s $8M Seed: India’s First External Space Check in Eight Years](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-kepler-aerospace-8m-seed-india-swarm-isr.md): Bengaluru’s Kepler Aerospace (kepleraero.com) raised $8 million seed led by Blue Ashva Capital, with Finvolve and India Accelerator co-leading — first external equity since 2018. CEO Navneet Singh told TOI last-year revenue was about $1 million. First swarm launch is targeted for December 2027. Not Kepler Communications.
- [Light Raises $46M Series A to Make Electricity an Embedded Service](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-light-46m-series-a-embedded-electricity.md): Matrix led Light’s $46M Series A as the company reported 10x run-rate revenue growth and distribution reaching more than 500,000 homeowners.
- [Light’s $46M Series A: Matrix Leads Embedded Electricity for Solar, Proptech & EV Partners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-light-46m-series-a-matrix-spark-boxgroup.md): Matrix led Light’s $46M Series A with Activate joining and Spark Capital plus BoxGroup returning — total equity ~$60M and capital base >$100M including credit as Light joins PJM.
- [Odyssey Adds $27M Equity and $47M Debt for Emerging-Market Solar](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-odyssey-27m-equity-47m-debt.md): Odyssey Energy Solutions raised $27M of equity and $47M of debt; the $74M package finances both its software platform and distributed-energy projects.
- [SciFin’s $44M Seed: Altimeter and Madrona Back Mohit Aron’s Revenue Context Layer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-scifin-44m-seed-altimeter-madrona.md): Nutanix co-founder and Cohesity founder Mohit Aron emerged with SciFin on a $44M seed co-led by Altimeter and Madrona — betting trusted enterprise context beats another generic AI chat for revenue teams.
- [Sep 1–2 VC News: Agent Security, Embedded Power, Remittances & 3D Models](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-1-2-investment-news-agents-energy-fintech.md): Gap-fill vs prior Aug 31 and September backfill PRs: Tripo ~RMB 3B, Félix $200M (equity+debt), AIR $50M, Light $46M, SciFin $44M, Empirik $21M, Aslan $20.8M — control layers over generic AI apps.
- [September 1 VC News: a16z Growth $8.5B, Kepler $8M, Cloover $100M Facility](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-1-investment-news-a16z-growth-india-space.md): September 1 tape: a16z’s fifth Growth fund now totals $8.5 billion ($1.75 billion top-up, not a new vehicle), Kepler Aerospace $8 million seed for Indian swarm ISR, Cloover’s $100 million lending facility at a claimed $350 million run rate, and Cherubic Fund VI at $68.88 million. YC Summer Demo Day is September 10.
- [September 1 VC News: AI Agents, Defense Tech, Energy and a Fund Close](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-1-vc-news-ai-defense-climate.md): Confirmed deals include Empirik’s $21M seed, Aslan’s $20.8M financing, INLEAP’s €20M seed, Norbert’s $14M Series A, Yuma’s $35M round and Cherubic’s $68.88M Fund VI.
- [September 2026 VC News: Motive $1.3B+, Harvey $15.5B, Mistral €3B](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-september-vc-news.md): Through September 12: Motive secured more than $1.3 billion from General Catalyst’s Customer Value Fund at company-disclosed ARR above $600 million and withdrew its S-1. Xapien closed $56 million Series B. Harvey announced $550 million at $15.5 billion. Mistral closed a €3 billion Series D at more than €21 billion. Nvidia agreed to acquire Hugging Face for $12.93 billion (not closed).
- [Tripo AI’s ~RMB 3B Series B/B+: MPCi Leads Generative 3D Foundation Models](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-tripo-ai-rmb-3b-series-b-b-plus.md): Tripo AI raised about RMB 3 billion (~$446M at mid-market FX) across Series B and B+ led by MPCi — funding 3D-native models, data/compute infrastructure, and Tripo P2.0’s production-ready generation preview.
- [upGrad Acquires Unacademy for Just Over $200M After a 94% Valuation Fall](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-upgrad-unacademy-200m-acquisition.md): upGrad completed an all-stock acquisition of Unacademy at just over $200M, far below the Indian edtech company’s roughly $3.4B peak valuation in 2021.
- [VAST Raises ~$446M Across Series B and B+ for 3D World Models](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-vast-rmb3b-series-b-world-models.md): VAST closed roughly $446M (~¥3B) across Series B and B+ financings on September 1, bringing six-month funding to about $744M as its Tripo platform pushes into gaming, design, and simulation workflows.
- [Wafer Raises $40M Series A to Automate AI-Inference Optimization](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-wafer-40m-series-a-ai-inference.md): Marathon and Chemistry co-led Wafer’s $40M Series A, with AMD Ventures joining a bet that model-specific optimization becomes an independent infrastructure layer.
- [How Much Did Adaptyv Raise? $40M Series A, No Valuation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-adaptyv-40m-series-a-highland-yc.md): Adaptyv closed a $40 million Series A led by Highland Europe. Y Combinator, ACE Ventures, and byFounders returned. Valuation was not disclosed. The company says throughput grew more than 5x and names Chai Discovery, Boltz, Roche, and Novo Nordisk as customers.
- [Alteon’s $2.5M Pre-Seed: Dynamic Soaring Aircraft Bet From Bengaluru](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-alteon-2-5m-pre-seed-lachy-groom-together.md): Lachy Groom led Alteon’s $2.5M pre-seed with Together Fund to chase year-long ocean soaring for maritime surveillance — promising Bay of Bengal tests, energy-neutral flight still unproven.
- [Apate.AI’s ~$8.15M Seed: Adversarial Bots That Hunt Scammers](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-apate-ai-8-15m-seed-lobby-capital.md): Lobby Capital led Apate.AI’s US$8.15M (A$11.4M) seed as the CBA-backed anti-scam bot army relocates to the U.S. — 2.5M decoy conversations and 250k intel artefacts claimed.
- [August 30–31 VC News: Dexterous Robots, Heterogeneous Inference, World Models, Clinical Agents](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-30-31-investment-news-robots-inference-world-models.md): Gap-fill investment explainers for the Aug 18–28 tape still missing deep pages: Sharpa ~$670M, Callosum $100M seed, Veeda $90M+, Faro $37.3M, Multiplier $6M (Lux/YC asset managers), and Hubble $30M B-II — who uses the products and why these syndicates fit.
- [August 31 VC News: Adaptyv $40M, Clerky→Stripe, Standard Metrics $20M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-31-investment-news-adaptyv-clerky-metrics.md): Monday August 31 did not print a new US mega-round. The gap-fill is Adaptyv’s $40M Series A (no valuation), Clerky agreeing to join Stripe (no price, not closed), Standard Metrics’ $20M Series B (8VC; no valuation), plus HITAI–Quell IP (undisclosed) and Arintra’s $25M B.
- [Did Stripe Buy Clerky? Agreed. No Price. Not Closed.](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-clerky-joins-stripe.md): Clerky said on August 26, 2026 that it has agreed to join Stripe. Terms were not disclosed. The deal is not described as closed. Same month Stripe announced OpenRouter ($7.5B is still press).
- [Icon’s $30M Round: Founders Fund Backs Human UGC Ad Factories](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-icon-30m-founders-fund-ugc-ads.md): Founders Fund led Icon’s $30M venture round for a platform that sources creators, scripts, films, and edits brand-ready short-form ads — human production against pure generative ad spam.
- [Polymarket’s Reported $1B Round at $21B: 1789 Capital Leads Talks](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-polymarket-1b-1789-capital-21b-reported.md): 1789 Capital says it is leading a Polymarket financing that would value the prediction market at $21B and raise about $1B — treat as in-progress reported terms, not a closed company PR.
- [Reframe Systems’ $40M: EIP Bets on Robotic Microfactories for Housing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-reframe-systems-40m-eip-robotic-microfactories.md): Energy Impact Partners led Reframe Systems’ $40M round to scale robotic microfactories that turn housing shortage into factory throughput — 10 homes delivered, FAB1 opening Oct 5.
- [How Much Did Standard Metrics Raise? $20M Series B, No Valuation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-standard-metrics-20m-series-b-8vc.md): Standard Metrics closed a $20 million Series B led by 8VC. Spark Capital participated. The company cites roughly $50 million raised to date, most from customers, 150 firms, $400 billion in AUM on the platform, and no valuation.
- [August 29–30 VC News: AusperBio $120M, Undisclosed Robotics and Docs, YC Winter 2027](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-29-30-investment-news-biotech-robotics-docs.md): Sunday August 30 added almost no new company-disclosed mega-tape. The gap-fill is AusperBio’s $120M Series C (unnamed lead), Warpify and fileAI checks with no published dollars, YZi Labs’ $500K De¹ residency check, and YC’s apply page rolling from Fall 2026 to Winter 2027.
- [August 29–30 VC News: Restaurant AI, App Studios, Workforce Trust & Agent Search](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-29-30-investment-news-restaurant-apps-trust.md): Gap-fill investment explainers: Palona $20M, HubX up to $75M @ $1.2B pre, Yardstik $30M, Capital F $17M fund, Atorie $9.5M deep dive, and Keenable $26M deep dive — who uses the products and why these capital sources fit.
- [How Much Did AusperBio Raise? $120M Series C, No Valuation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ausperbio-120m-series-c-hbv.md): AusperBio closed a $120 million Series C on August 27, 2026. An unnamed strategic investor led. RA Capital joined. The company cites $360 million raised since 2024. Valuation was not disclosed. AHB-137 is in Phase 3 in China and remains investigational.
- [How Much Is a16z’s Machine Age Fund? $1.1B for AI Hardware](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-a16z-1-1b-machine-age-fund.md): Andreessen Horowitz posted a $1.1 billion Machine Age Fund on August 28, 2026. The mandate is chips, memory, networking, data centers, robotics, and home AI appliances — hardware as an official a16z motion, not a software sidecar.
- [August 28–29 VC News: a16z $1.1B, Owner $2.3B, OpenAI–Cursor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-28-29-investment-news-a16z-owner-cursor.md): Aug 28–29, 2026: a16z posted a $1.1B Machine Age Fund, Owner closed $240M at $2.3B, and OpenAI proposed a November 12 wind-down of Cursor models after the SpaceX close. Lambda’s $1B chip debt is Bloomberg-reported. Retro’s $21M filing is a December close.
- [August 28–29 VC News: Local AI Ops, Machine Age Hardware, GPU Debt & EM Brokerage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-28-29-investment-news-local-ai-hardware-debt.md): Gap-fill investment explainers: Owner $240M @ $2.3B, a16z $1.1B Machine Age Fund, Retro $21M, Ajaib ~$270M SBI stake, Digs $25.3M, Lambda $1B debt, and Bevel $6M — who uses the products and why these capital sources fit.
- [Is OpenAI Pulling Models From Cursor? Yes — Proposed Shutoff November 12](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-openai-winds-down-cursor-models.md): OpenAI said on August 28, 2026 that it will wind down the contract that supplies its models to Cursor after the SpaceX close. Proposed shutoff: November 12, 2026. The $60 billion acquisition price remains press. Cursor’s CEO said OpenAI is about 5% of user traffic.
- [What Is Owner’s Valuation in 2026? $2.3B After a $240M Series D](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-owner-240m-series-d-2-3b.md): Owner announced a $240 million Series D on August 28, 2026, at $2.3 billion, led by Goldman Sachs Alternatives. The company says it has surpassed $100 million ARR. Meritech, Redpoint, Headline, and Jack Altman participated. No Goldman or Meritech fund pages here.
- [SBI’s $270M Stake in Ajaib: Indonesia Node for an APAC Digital Asset Zone](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ajaib-270m-sbi-strategic-indonesia.md): SBI Holdings took ~20% of Indonesia’s Ajaib for a reported $270M — equity-method affiliate status — extending the same Japan→EM digital-asset strategy that printed Fasset’s $1B Series C.
- [August 27–28 VC News: Consumer Agents, AI Trust, Health Data, Clearing & Continual Learning](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-27-28-investment-news-agents-trust-health-clearing.md): Gap-fill investment explainers: Instinct $250M @ $2.5B, Alice $140M, Metriport $26M, RQD* $74M, Trajectory $40M @ $300M, and Smack $61M — who uses the products and why these syndicates fit.
- [August 27–28 VC News: CivilGrid $26M, Deep Cogito $43M, Atorie $9.5M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-27-28-investment-news-civilgrid-cogito-atoire.md): Aug 26–28, 2026: CivilGrid $26M Series A (Spark lead, no valuation), Deep Cogito $43M Series A (TQ lead, Benchmark in, not Cogito Corp), Atorie $9.5M seed (a16z Speedrun). YC Fall 2026 on-time decisions are due August 28; the apply page now dates the batch September–December.
- [What Is HubX’s Valuation in 2026? $1.2B Pre After Up to $75M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-hubx-75m-series-a-1-2b-point72.md): HubX (hubx.co) announced its first external raise: up to $75M from Point72 Private Investments at a $1.2B pre-money valuation ($50M now + $25M option). Turkish app studio with 40+ products and 600M+ users (company). Not hubx.com B2B marketplace.
- [Lambda’s $1B GPU Debt: Neoclouds Finance Chips for Microsoft](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-lambda-1b-debt-microsoft-nvidia-gpus.md): Lambda raised $1B in short-dated private debt arranged by JPMorgan to buy Nvidia GPUs for Microsoft — part of a 2026 AI debt wave as a $3B pre-IPO equity round is reportedly in talks.
- [Owner’s $240M Series D at $2.3B: AI Ops for Independent Restaurants](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-owner-240m-series-d-2-3b-goldman-redpoint.md): Goldman Sachs Alternatives led Owner’s $240M Series D at $2.3B — Redpoint and Headline returned — as the restaurant AI platform pushes past $100M ARR toward every local business.
- [Retro’s $21M Series A: Friend Photo Sharing Without the Algo Feed](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-retro-21m-series-a-thrive-box-group.md): Lone Palm Labs (Retro) raised $21M+ Series A with Thrive Capital and Box Group on the cap table — SEC filing dated August 19; round closed in December — PitchBook estimates $100M+ valuation.
- [Sharpa’s ~$670M Raise: Hesai Founders Bet on Dexterous Hands, Not Lab Demos](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sharpa-670m-alibaba-tencent-dexterous-robots.md): Shanghai robotics startup Sharpa disclosed more than ¥4.5B (~$670M) with Alibaba, Tencent, Meituan, JD, and HongShan, at a reported ¥22B post. Mass-produced Wave hands and a live Dairy Queen robot restaurant are the proof claims — not a single /fund/ lead on this site.
- [Did Anthropic File for an IPO? Confidential S-1 vs Public Filing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-anthropic-ipo-confidential-s1.md): Anthropic confidentially submitted a draft S-1 on June 1, 2026. That is company-confirmed. A public S-1, share count, and price are not out as of August 27. Bloomberg people-familiar: public filing as soon as end of August; size talk vs SpaceX is not a company figure.
- [Atorie’s $9.5M Seed: Factory-Direct Luxury Without the Markup](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-atoire-9-5m-seed-a16z-speedrun.md): Atorie raised $9.5M seed with a16z Speedrun, Night Capital, and Lightspeed’s Jeremy Liew named. Company: ~$5M sales last year; expected >$55M annualized run rate this year — company forecast, not audited. No valuation.
- [August 21–27 VC News: Socure, REGENT, OpenAI Fund II, Transfyr, Hike and Gestala](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-21-27-vc-news-socure-regent-transfyr-hike-gestala.md): The late-August funding tape: Socure’s $5.2B mark and Fravity acquisition, REGENT’s $240M equity/debt package, OpenAI’s filing-backed $400M fund, Transfyr’s $25M seed, Hike Medical’s $22.5M and Gestala’s $84M across two rounds.
- [August 26–27 VC News: FPV C-UAS, SMB Agents, Korea AI Unicorn, Beef Data, BH Payers & LDES](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-26-27-investment-news-defense-agents-grid.md): Gap-fill investment explainers for Aug 26–27: Mara $7M, Runable $21M, Wrtn ~$72M, Breedr $27M, Onos Health $17M, Certain Energy £10M, and Agentrys $24.5M — who uses the products and why these syndicates fit.
- [Bevel’s $6M Seed: From Wildfire Inventory AI to Private Risk Brokerage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-bevel-6m-seed-bessemer-private-risk.md): Bevel Advisors raised $6M seed after free AI inventory tools for LA fire survivors — pivoting into tech-led high-net-worth risk advisory; Bessemer/Resolute/Shakti named in secondary coverage.
- [How Much Did CivilGrid Raise? $26M Series A, No Valuation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-civilgrid-26m-series-a-spark-eip.md): CivilGrid closed a $26M Series A on August 27, 2026, led by Spark Capital. Energy Impact Partners participated. PG&E is a named customer. Valuation and revenue were not disclosed. The $60M paving figure is a PG&E/company case study.
- [Metriport’s $26M Round: Open-Source Health Records for Clinicians and Agents](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-metriport-26m-matrix-yc-health-data.md): Matrix’s TJ Parker led Metriport’s $26M raise (total $28.4M) with ARTIS and Y Combinator — point-of-care patient context for One Medical, Sollis, Color and the agents behind them.
- [OpenAI Becomes Sole LP in New $400M Startup Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-openai-startup-fund-ii-400m.md): OpenAI Startup Fund II filed a $400M Form D with one investor and no remaining amount to sell. The filing names Ian Hathaway; reporting identifies OpenAI as the sole balance-sheet backer.
- [REGENT Adds $120M Equity and $120M Debt to Put Seagliders Into Production](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-regent-240m-series-b-seagliders.md): REGENT’s $240M Series B package is split evenly between equity led by Mare Liberum and AE Ventures and debt from Erebor Bank. The capital funds manufacturing, certification and a dual-use commercial and defense pipeline.
- [RQD* Clearing’s $74M Growth Round: Post-Trade Plumbing for Always-On Markets](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-rqd-clearing-74m-bain-capital-tech-opportunities.md): Bain Capital Tech Opportunities led a $74M minority growth investment in RQD* Clearing — proprietary clearing/custody for broker-dealers, RIAs and global firms accessing U.S. markets, including digital assets.
- [Socure Raises Reported $156M at $5.2B and Acquires Fravity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-socure-156m-5-2b-fravity.md): Socure confirmed a $5.2B valuation, $364M in ARR and the acquisition of Fravity on August 27. The $156M amount is reported, and the transaction mixes primary capital with an employee tender offer.
- [Yardstik’s $30M Series B: Post-Hire Workforce Trust, Not One Background Check](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-yardstik-30m-series-b-workforce-trust.md): Yardstik raised $30M Series B led by Harbert Growth Partners, bringing total capital to $65M. Company cites 149% YoY revenue growth and customers including Gopuff, TaskRabbit, and Liveops. Harbert has no /fund/ page here.
- [Character.AI Valuation 2026: $1B Series A, Google Deal, and What Changed](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/character-ai-valuation-2026-a16z-google.md): Character.AI’s public valuation story has three different events: a $1B 2023 priced round, a $2.7B Google transaction in 2024, and reported 2025 funding or sale discussions.
- [Emerging Manager Capital Raising in 2026: A Fund I–III Playbook](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/emerging-manager-capital-raising-2026.md): Emerging managers raising a first, second, or third VC fund need a different LP strategy than mega-funds. This practical guide covers fund math, attribution, outreach, diligence, first close, and when not to raise.
- [Financial News Sources: Reuters vs Bloomberg vs WSJ vs FT](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/financial-news-sources-investors.md): Compare Reuters, Bloomberg, WSJ, and the FT for investor research—what each does best, how to verify a headline, and where founders and LPs should look next.
- [Thrive Capital Portfolio Companies 2026: Funds, Holdings, and What We Can Verify](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/thrive-capital-portfolio-companies-2026.md): A dated guide to Thrive Capital’s public fund history and representative portfolio companies, with linked VCT profiles and an explicit boundary around incomplete portfolio data.
- [Top Venture Capital Companies in 2026: A Founder-Fit Shortlist](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/top-venture-capital-companies-2026.md): A practical 2026 shortlist of notable venture capital companies, organized by stage, thesis, and founder job—not an uncheckable AUM ranking.
- [What Is an LP Allocator? The VC Capital-Allocation Job Explained](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-an-lp-allocator-2026.md): An LP allocator decides how an institution paces commitments across venture capital, private equity, and other alternatives. Learn who allocates, what they diligence, and how GPs should earn the next meeting.
- [What Is Venture Capital Funding? A Founder’s Guide to How VC Works](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-venture-capital-funding.md): Venture capital funding is equity financing for high-growth startups. Learn how VC funds work, what founders give up, funding stages, dilution, and alternatives.
- [Agentrys’ $24.5M: Agentic Design Automation for Chipmakers](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-agentrys-24-5m-agentic-chip-design-automation.md): Etna Labs led Agentrys’ $19.1M seed after MediaTek’s $5.4M pre-seed — $24.5M total for an open ADA platform that lets chip teams own agent workforces across EDA tools.
- [August 25–27 VC News: Emerald AI $1.05B, Accel’s Keenable Seed, Ringg $10M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-25-26-investment-news-grid-freight-media.md): Aug 25–27, 2026: Emerald AI $150M at $1.05B, Gatik $200M Series D (no valuation), Stability AI $76M Series B (not the 2022 dump). Accel-led Keenable $26M seed, Peak XV’s Ringg $10M extension, InspeCity ₹100 crore. Generalist $3B remains sources.
- [Breedr’s $27M Series B: Digital Records for the Global Beef Chain](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-breedr-27m-series-b-partech-localglobe-beef.md): Partech’s impact fund led Breedr’s $27M Series B — Latitude (LocalGlobe’s growth sister) and Outsiders joined. Two million cattle on-platform and a marketplace thesis for an unmodernized protein market.
- [Capital F Closes $17M Debut Fund for the ‘Female Economy’](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-capital-f-17m-debut-fund-female-economy.md): Capital F closed a $17M debut fund (Aug 26, 2026) for pre-seed/seed checks in women’s health, digital commerce, and AI/trust & safety. ~80% women LPs per TechCrunch. Firm has no /fund/ page here — compare AmplifyHer.
- [Certain Energy’s £10M Series A: Manganese Flow Batteries for Grid Waste](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-certain-energy-10m-series-a-manganese-flow.md): British Business Bank led Certain Energy’s £10M Series A with Centrica, Ceres, and Temasek Trust C3H — Imperial spinout (ex-RFC Power) aiming at UK curtailment costs and an India MWh demo.
- [ComfyUI Funding: $30M at a $500M Valuation, Investors & Revenue](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-comfyui-funding-500m-valuation.md): ComfyUI raised $30 million at a $500 million valuation in April 2026, bringing company-reported total funding to $47 million. Here is the funding history, investors, open-source model, and revenue caveat.
- [How Much Did Deep Cogito Raise? $43M Series A — Not Cogito Corp](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-deep-cogito-43m-series-a-benchmark.md): Deep Cogito closed a $43M Series A on August 26, 2026, led by TQ Ventures. Benchmark participated. Zscaler is a named customer and strategic investor. Total funding is more than $56M. Valuation was not disclosed. This is not Cogito Corp.
- [Digs’ $25.3M Series A: Builders FirstSource Bets on Home Digital Twins](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-digs-25-3m-series-a-builders-firstsource.md): Builders FirstSource led Digs’ $25.3M Series A and signed a five-year commercial integration — AI software for residential construction across pre-build through warranty.
- [Faro’s $37.3M Series B: Agentic AI for Clinical Development](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-faro-37-3m-series-b-merck-s32-general-catalyst.md): Faro AI raised $37.3M Series B co-led by Merck Global Health Innovation Fund and S32, with General Catalyst returning. Platform used by 6 of the world’s 10 largest pharma companies. Structured clinical-intent data — not chat-on-PDFs.
- [General Intuition AI Funding: $320M Series A at a $2.3B Valuation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-general-intuition-ai-funding-320m.md): General Intuition raised a $320 million Series A at a $2.3 billion post-money valuation. Learn what the AI startup is building, who invested, how Medal supplies action-labeled data, and what the reported Series B talks mean.
- [Instinct’s $250M Series B at $2.5B: Consumer Agents Hit Mega-Round Speed](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-instinct-250m-series-b-2-5b-index-benchmark.md): Index Ventures and Benchmark co-led Instinct’s $250M Series B at a $2.5B valuation — total funding ~$350M for a private-beta life-ops agent still weeks old as a viral product.
- [Loop Funding: $95M Series C, Investors & Funding History](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-loop-funding-95m-series-c.md): Loop has raised $95 million in Series C funding to expand its supply-chain AI platform. Here is the funding history, investor syndicate, founders, product strategy, and valuation caveat.
- [Mara’s $7M Pre-Seed: Cheap Kinetic C-UAS for FPV Swarms](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-mara-7m-pre-seed-khosla-a16z-fpv-c-uas.md): Khosla Ventures led Mara’s $7M pre-seed with a16z Speedrun in the round — Spike pairs Spotter sensing with 250g Seeker interceptors aimed at FPV economics, not missile-class C-UAS.
- [Multiplier’s $6M Seed: Agent Harnesses for Asset Managers (Lux + YC)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-multiplier-6m-seed-lux-yc-asset-managers.md): NYC Multiplier (ex-WithAI) raised $6M seed led by Lux Capital with Y Combinator for firm-specific AI agent infrastructure inside asset managers. Bridgewater/Fortress/DeepMind angels. Distinct from the Singapore professional-services Multiplier $35M Series B.
- [Onos Health’s $17M Series A: Behavioral Health AI for Health Plans](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-onos-health-17m-series-a-behavioral-health-ai.md): Costanoa led Onos Health’s $17M Series A with Flare Capital and CVS Health Ventures — Aetna already live. The product parses unstructured behavioral-health notes that legacy utilization tools miss.
- [Pathway AI Funding: $30M Seed Funding at a $500M Valuation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-pathway-ai-funding-500m-valuation.md): Pathway AI has raised additional funding at a $500 million valuation, bringing total seed funding to $30 million. Here are the investors, team, BDH architecture, and what is still unconfirmed.
- [Recently Funded Startups in the U.S.: August 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-recently-funded-startups-usa-august.md): A curated August 2026 scan of recently funded U.S. and U.S.-linked startups in Venture Capital Tracker coverage, with round evidence, investors, product jobs, and what each financing changes.
- [Runable’s $21M Series A: AI Agents That Grow SMBs, Not Just Build Sites](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-runable-21m-series-a-together-fund-ai-agents.md): Susquehanna VC and Nexus co-led Runable’s $21M Series A at a $65M post — Together Fund returned. The bet is outcome agents for ads and customers, with negative gross margins still on the table.
- [SEC Form D Search: How to Read Private Startup and VC Fund Raises in 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sec-form-d-private-fundraising-intelligence.md): SEC Form D filings are an early public signal for private startup and VC fund raises. Here is what the filing can tell you, what it cannot, and how to read it without confusing an offering target with a completed close.
- [Transfyr Launches With $25M Seed to Capture the Missing Data Behind Laboratory Work](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-transfyr-25m-seed-physical-ai-science.md): Transfyr launched with a $25M seed led by General Catalyst to build a physical-AI observability layer for science. The Cambridge team is turning bench actions, context and instrument data into machine-readable training data.
- [Vercel Revenue 2026: $340M Run Rate, $9.3B Valuation & Funding](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-vercel-revenue-340m-9-3b-valuation.md): Vercel revenue reached a reported $340 million run rate at the end of February 2026. Here is how that figure differs from annual revenue, how Vercel reached a $9.3 billion valuation, and what its IPO signals mean.
- [Wrtn’s ~$72M Series C: Korea’s First Consumer AI Service Unicorn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-wrtn-72m-series-c-antler-korea-ai-unicorn.md): Wrtn Technologies raised about ₩100B (~$72M) Series C at a >₩1T mark — Antler Global returned with Goodwater and new Coreline capital. Character chat and AI entertainment, not another foundation-model lab.
- [Gusto Valuation 2026: $9.3B Tender Offer and $1B Revenue](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/gusto-valuation-tender-offer-revenue-2026.md): Gusto's latest disclosed mark is $9.3B after a 2025 employee tender offer. In 2026, actual trailing revenue passed $1B, but Gusto remains private.
- [Shield AI Valuation 2026: $12.7B Series G and $2B Financing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/shield-ai-valuation-stock-funding-2026.md): Shield AI's latest mark is $12.7B after a $1.5B Series G and $500M preferred financing. See what it means for funding, stock, and IPO questions.
- [SPV Calculator: Model Fees, Carry, and Net Venture Returns](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/spv-calculator-fees-carry-net-returns.md): A practical SPV calculator guide for LPs and GPs: model upfront fees, management fees, carry, holding period, and the difference between gross and net MOIC.
- [VC Portfolio Construction: Checks & Reserves (2026)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/venture-capital-portfolio-construction-reserves-power-law-2026.md): Venture capital portfolio construction sets the number and size of checks, initial ownership, follow-on reserves, pacing, and concentration a fund can actually support.
- [What Is a Pre-IPO Company? (2026)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-pre-ipo-company-private-shares-2026.md): A pre-IPO company is still private; “pre-IPO” describes a possible path to a public listing, not a guarantee, a stock ticker, or a fixed price. Learn how to read the signals.
- [Who Owns Claude AI? Anthropic Investors (2026)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/who-owns-claude-ai-anthropic-investors-2026.md): Claude is made and operated by Anthropic, a private public-benefit corporation. Amazon is a minority investor and AWS partner—not the parent company. Here is the ownership, funding, and governance picture.
- [Aug 21–24 Investment News: Starcloud, Muon, Rundoo, Twin1, Airbound, Fasset + Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-21-24-investment-news-space-retail-fintech.md): Gap-fill deep dives for late-August 2026 deals not queued in open companion investment-news PRs — orbital infra, independent retail AI, enterprise digital twins, drone logistics, stablecoin neobanking, and rural/home health.
- [Alice’s $140M Raise: AI Trust & Safety Gets a PE-Led Growth Check](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-alice-140m-apax-ai-trust-safety.md): Apax Digital led Alice’s (ex-ActiveFence) $140M round — total $280M — with CRV and Norwest returning as labs and enterprises buy model testing and guardrails.
- [Apollo Atomics Raises $31M Seed — YC-Backed Factory-Built Reactors for AI Power](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-apollo-atomics-31m-seed-yc-factory-nuclear.md): MIT spinoff Apollo Atomics raised $31M seed (FCVC lead; YC, Alumni Ventures) for compact PWRs built in factories and trucked to site — >20 GW LOI pipeline claimed.
- [August 21–25 VC News: Starcloud $2.3B, Stripe Confirms OpenRouter](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-21-25-investment-news-orbital-ai-yc.md): Aug 21–25, 2026: Starcloud $250M at $2.3B, Stripe confirmed OpenRouter (price still press), Fasset $68M at $1B, YC names Mundo/Apollo/Instant, Blackbird VC $1.05B (Australia — not our restaurant Blackbird). Hugging Face, Perplexity, and General Intuition remain talks.
- [What Is Emerald AI’s Valuation in 2026? $1.05B After $150M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-emerald-ai-150m-series-a-1-05b.md): Emerald AI closed a $150M Series A on August 25, 2026, at $1.05B. Energize Capital and DCVC co-led. NVIDIA and General Catalyst’s scout fund participated. The 100 GW grid figure is the company’s estimate, not a measured capacity print.
- [How Much Did Gatik Raise in August 2026? $200M Series D](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-gatik-200m-series-d-autonomous-freight.md): Gatik closed a $200M Series D on August 25, 2026, led by Qatar Investment Authority and Koch Disruptive Technologies. No valuation was disclosed. Company: >$600M contracted revenue and 85,000 driverless orders. Total raised ~$500M.
- [Generalist AI ~$200M Round Led by 8VC — Robot Foundation Models at ~$3B](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-generalist-ai-200m-8vc-robot-foundation-models.md): Press and Dealroom report Generalist raised roughly $200M led by 8VC (~$3B valuation), extending a June $400M Series B. Spark Capital and other returners named — labeled as reported.
- [Keenable’s $26M Seed: Web Search Infrastructure Built for AI Agents](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-keenable-26m-seed-accel-agent-search.md): Keenable emerged with $26M seed led by Accel (Conviction participating) to build a 100B+ document index and retrieval APIs for AI labs and agents. Gradium partnership named; other customers undisclosed. Accel has no /fund/ page here.
- [Neno Raises €6.6M Seed Led by AlleyCorp — AI-Native Accounting for European SMEs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-neno-6-6m-seed-alleycorp-ai-accounting.md): Amsterdam’s Neno raised €6.6M seed led by AlleyCorp (Motive, Firstminute) to scale AI-native accounting/tax for SMEs — ~200 customers since Q1 2026 launch.
- [Sonic Fire Tech Raises $15M — Khosla Backs Infrasound Fire Suppression](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sonic-fire-tech-15m-khosla-infrasound.md): Ohio’s Sonic Fire Tech raised $15M (O.H.I.O. Fund lead; Khosla Ventures) for acoustic fire suppression that aims to kill flames without water/chemical damage — NFPA path next.
- [Did Stability AI Raise Again in 2026? $76M Series B](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-stability-ai-76m-series-b-entertainment.md): Stability AI closed a $76M Series B on August 25, 2026, with Universal, Sony, Warner, and EA on the cap table. Coatue returned; Thomas Laffont joined the board. No valuation. The $232M total is Akkaraju-era capital, not the 2022 Coatue round aggregators still dump.
- [Thunder Compute Raises $13M Series A — YC & Matrix Virtualize Idle GPUs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-thunder-compute-13m-series-a-yc-gpu-virtualization.md): Thunder Compute’s $13M Series A (Matrix lead; YC, CEAS) funds “VMware for GPUs” — virtualize underused enterprise GPUs after 10k+ users on its self-serve cloud.
- [Airbound's $37M Series A: Rocket-Like Delivery Drones — Greenoaks Leads, Lightspeed In](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-airbound-37m-series-a-greenoaks-lightspeed.md): Greenoaks led Airbound’s $37M Series A (Aug 24, 2026) with DoorDash, Lachy Groom, Lightspeed, and Humba. Bengaluru startup targeting truck-cost aerial logistics with 13,000+ autonomous flights.
- [Fasset's $68M Series C at $1B: SBI Leads Stablecoin Neobank Into Unicorn Club](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-fasset-68m-series-c-1b-sbi.md): SBI Group led Fasset’s $68M Series C at a $1B valuation (Aug 24, 2026) — three months after a $51M Series B. $40B+ annualized volume, Own Network expansion, agentic corridor banking.
- [Starcloud's $250M Series A Extension at $2.3B: Orbital AI vs Launch Scarcity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-starcloud-250m-series-a-extension-2-3b.md): Manhattan West led a $250M extension to Starcloud’s Series A at $2.3B (Aug 21, 2026). Benchmark, Nvidia (~$25M), and Cisco joined — capital for Starcloud-2/3 and launch bookings as Falcon 9 winds down.
- [Helcim’s $53M CAD Series C: Canadian Payments Scale After Bank Exits](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-helcim-53m-cad-series-c-bdc-headline.md): BDC Growth Venture led Helcim’s $53M CAD Series C at $250M valuation — company claims $150M+ ARR and ~$10B payment volume run-rate as Canadian banks exit merchant services.
- [What Is Starcloud’s Valuation in 2026? $2.3B After $250M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-starcloud-250m-2-3b-orbital-inference.md): Starcloud added a $250M Series A extension on August 21, 2026, at $2.3B. Manhattan West led. Google still ranks the March $1.1B unicorn print. Nvidia’s $25M check is people-familiar, not a company figure.
- [Muon Space's $250M Series C at ~$1.5B: Mission Foundry for Bigger Birds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-muon-space-250m-series-c-eclipse.md): Eclipse led Muon Space’s $250M Series C (Aug 20, 2026); a source put valuation at $1.5B. Google, Salesforce Ventures, and Wellington joined as Muon scales San Jose production toward 500 sats/year.
- [Twin1's $20M Seed: Digital Twins for Lawyers — Bessemer, Tribeca, Aramco Co-Lead](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-twin1-20m-seed-bessemer-tribeca.md): Twin1 emerged from stealth with a $20M seed co-led by Bessemer, Tribeca Venture Partners, and Aramco Ventures (Aug 20, 2026). Privacy-governed digital twins for Am Law and enterprise knowledge work.
- [Astromech’s $20M at a Reported $3.8B: Biology-as-Weather Models](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-astromech-20m-bob-nelsen-biology-prediction.md): Bob Nelsen led Astromech’s $20M round — Colossal spinout claiming a $3.8B valuation on ~$60M total raised to forecast evolutionary change. The valuation is the story; commercial pilots are next.
- [August 19–20 VC News: Castelion $13B, ALSO $150M, YC GPU](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-19-20-investment-news-hypersonics-mobility-yc.md): Aug 19–20, 2026: Castelion $1B Series C at $13B ($800M equity + $250M revolver), Rivian spinout ALSO $150M Series D, Thunder Compute $13M (YC), plus Navi, Rundoo, Network Bio, Relativity Networks, and Peeko. Centralize’s $19M is July 29, not new August tape.
- [Callosum’s $100M Seed: Route Every AI Task to the Right Chip](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-callosum-100m-seed-atomico-heterogeneous-ai.md): Atomico led Callosum’s $100M seed (Plural, DCVC, UK Sovereign AI) for heterogeneous inference — break workloads into tasks and route each to the best model/chip. Prior $10.25M February stealth round. Cerebras partnership named. Atomico has no /fund/ page here.
- [Rundoo's $30M Series B: AI Ops for Hardware Stores — Battery Leads, Bessemer + CRV Return](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-rundoo-30m-series-b-battery-bessemer-crv.md): Battery Ventures led Rundoo’s $30M Series B (Aug 19, 2026) with Bessemer and CRV returning — AI-native POS and ops for 500+ independent hardware, paint, lumber, and farm stores.
- [Why Did Rivian Spinout ALSO Raise Another $150M?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-also-150m-series-d-rivian-spinout.md): ALSO, the Rivian micromobility spinout, closed a $150M Series D on August 19, 2026, led by Prysm Capital. Cumulative funding is about $455M. No valuation was disclosed. Launch-edition e-bikes are only now shipping.
- [What Is Castelion’s Valuation in 2026? $13B After $1B](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-castelion-1b-series-c-13b-hypersonics.md): Castelion closed a $1B Series C on August 19, 2026: $800M equity plus a $250M revolver, at $13B. JPM, a16z, and Carlyle co-led. Google still ranks the $350M Series B. Revenue was not disclosed.
- [What Happened at Unitree’s Shanghai IPO?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-unitree-shanghai-ipo-humanoid-robots.md): Unitree (688836.SH) listed August 19, 2026, raising 6.1 billion yuan (~$904M). Day-one close was 845 yuan (+460%, BBC). By August 25 shares had given back about 45% of that debut pop (Straits Times / Reuters). Do not freeze the open as a live cap.
- [Veeda’s $90M+ Seed: Sanja Fidler’s World Models for Physical AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-veeda-90m-seed-khosla-radical-world-models.md): Ex-Nvidia Spatial Intelligence Lab lead Sanja Fidler’s Veeda AI raised more than $90M seed backed by Khosla Ventures and Radical Ventures — multimodal foundation world models to train embodied agents in simulation. Among Canada’s largest seeds. No product customers disclosed.
- [Hopscotch Primary Care's $53M Series D: 8VC Doubles Down on Rural Clinics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-hopscotch-53m-series-d-8vc-rural-care.md): 8VC and Town Hall Ventures led Hopscotch’s $53M Series D (Aug 18, 2026). Tech-enabled primary care for 15,000+ rural patients across the Southeast — same-day access without replacing the clinician.
- [Happy Health's $75M: ARCH Backs At-Home Sleep Apnea Diagnosis via Smart Ring](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-happy-health-75m-arch-sleep-apnea-ring.md): ARCH Venture Partners and OpenLoop backed Happy Health’s $75M financing announcement (mid-Aug 2026) for an FDA-cleared Happy Ring and physician-guided sleep platform — home diagnosis before hospital waitlists.
- [European Funding, August 10–18: Seed, Series A and Structured Finance](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-european-funding-august-10-18.md): A diligence-first ledger for August 10–18: 17 events with equity, debt, facilities, commitments, funds and undisclosed transactions labeled separately.
- [European Funding, August 3–9: AI Chips, Physical AI and Infrastructure](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-european-funding-august-3-9.md): A diligence-first ledger for August 3–9: 28 events with equity, debt, facilities, commitments, funds and undisclosed transactions labeled separately.
- [European Funding, July 27–August 2: Equity, Debt and Grants Separated](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-european-funding-july-27-august-2.md): A diligence-first ledger for July 27–August 2: 44 events with equity, debt, facilities, commitments, funds and undisclosed transactions labeled separately.
- [QuantumLight Fund II: Revolut Founder’s AI VC Firm Closes $500M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-quantumlight-fund-ii-500m.md): QuantumLight announced $500M in Fund II. Here is what was disclosed, what the financing label means, and what investors should verify next.
- [Reach Capital Fund V: $265M Beyond Edtech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-reach-capital-fund-v-265m.md): Reach Capital announced $265M in Fund V. Here is what was disclosed, what the financing label means, and what investors should verify next.
- [August 14–19 VC News: Etched $21B, Castelion $13B, Unitree IPO](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-14-18-investment-news-ai-infra-physical.md): Aug 14–19, 2026: Etched $700M at $21B (Jane Street), Castelion $1B Series C at $13B, ALSO $150M, Unitree’s STAR Market IPO, Rillet $1B, SpaceX closed Cursor, Stripe–OpenRouter announced Aug 19 ($7.5B is press), plus Databricks $190B, Accel $3.5B, Higgsfield, Groq, Wispr, and Gravis.
- [August 2026 VC News: What Closed Through the 31st?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-vc-news.md): Through August 31: Adaptyv $40M Series A (Highland Europe; no valuation), Clerky agreed to join Stripe (no price), Standard Metrics $20M Series B (8VC; no valuation), plus HubX up to $75M at $1.2B pre, Owner $2.3B, a16z $1.1B Machine Age, OpenAI–Cursor wind-down, AusperBio $120M Series C, and YC’s apply page on Winter 2027. Town and General Intuition remain talks.
- [What Is Etched’s Valuation in 2026? $21B After $700M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-etched-700m-21b-jane-street.md): Etched closed $700M at $21B on August 18, 2026, led by Jane Street after the trading firm tested and installed a rack. That doubles July’s $10.3B Series C in a month. Revenue was not disclosed.
- [Hubble Network’s $30M B-II: Seraphim Doubles Down on Space Bluetooth](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-hubble-network-30m-series-b-ii-seraphim.md): Seraphim Space Investment Trust invested $30M into Hubble Network (Series B-II) — satellite-powered Bluetooth that talks to off-the-shelf BLE chips. Prior $70M Series B (2025). Y Combinator is a historical backer with a /fund/ page here; Seraphim is not.
- [Smack’s $61M Series B: Decision AI From Command Post to Tactical Edge](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-smack-61m-series-b-costanoa-first-in-defense-ai.md): Costanoa and First In led Smack Technologies’ $61M Series B (total >$90M) to build Alpha hardware that pairs with Omega command planning already moving into U.S. military production.
- [Gravis Robotics Raises $200M Series A from SoftBank — Retrofit Excavator Autonomy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-gravis-robotics-200m-series-a-softbank.md): SoftBank is the sole investor in Gravis’s $200M Series A (Aug 17, 2026). ETH Zurich spinout sells a mixed-fleet autonomy kit — physical AI for earthmoving, not a new OEM.
- [What Is Groq’s Valuation in 2026? $3.5B After a $350M Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-groq-350m-series-a-inference-cloud.md): Groq’s current valuation is $3.5 billion as of the August 17, 2026 $350M Series A (Disruptive; planned NVIDIA). That sits on top of $650M in June — not instead of it. $3.5B is not a simple down round vs the old ~$6.9B chip-company mark.
- [Higgsfield Raises $400M Series B at $5.4B — DST Leads, Menlo Returns](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-higgsfield-400m-series-b-5-4b.md): Higgsfield’s $400M Series B at $5.4B (Aug 17, 2026) is a compute-and-workflow bet on AI video. Company claims $700M ARR — treat as company-reported.
- [Palona’s $20M Series A: Restaurant AI Ops Before the Owner Print](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-palona-20m-series-a-neo-restaurant-ai.md): Palona AI closed a $20M Series A (total, including converted SAFEs) for a multimodal AI layer for physical businesses. Ardenwood led per secondary reports; Neo participated. Named restaurant customers include Din Tai Fung and Mountain Mike’s. Not Owner.
- [What Is Rillet’s Valuation in 2026? $1B After $100M Series C](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-rillet-100m-series-c-1b-iconiq.md): Rillet closed a $100M Series C at $1B on August 17, 2026, led by ICONIQ, with Sequoia and a16z returning. Third round in 14 months. Named customers include Temporal. Revenue dollars were not disclosed.
- [Trajectory’s $40M Series A at $300M: Continual Learning Infra for Production Agents](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-trajectory-40m-series-a-sequoia-bessemer.md): Sequoia led Trajectory’s $40M Series A at a $300M post with NVIDIA and Bessemer — infrastructure so product agents improve from real usage, not frozen offline models.
- [Wispr Raises $280M Series B at $2B — Menlo Leads the Voice Interface Bet](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-wispr-280m-series-b-menlo-voice.md): Menlo led Wispr’s $280M Series B at $2B (Aug 17, 2026). 8VC, NEA, and Together Fund participated. Voice-as-OS vs meeting-notetaker crowded field.
- [Mindgard Raises $30M Series A: AI Red-Teaming Becomes a Security Category](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-mindgard-30m-series-a-ai-security.md): Mindgard announced $30M in Series A. Here is what was disclosed, what the financing label means, and what investors should verify next.
- [Quartr Raises $18M for AI-Ready Investor-Relations Data](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-quartr-18m-ai-investor-relations-data.md): Quartr announced $18M in funding round. Here is what was disclosed, what the financing label means, and what investors should verify next.
- [Vertical Aerospace Secures £74M: Financing Commitments vs New Cash](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-vertical-aerospace-74m-financing-commitments.md): Vertical Aerospace announced £74M in financing commitments. Here is what was disclosed, what the financing label means, and what investors should verify next.
- [Did Stripe Buy OpenRouter? Yes. $7.5B Is Press](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-stripe-openrouter-7b-reported.md): Stripe and OpenRouter confirmed the acquisition on August 19, 2026. The deal is not closed. Neither company posted a price. The New York Times, via TechCrunch, reports $7.5 billion. Last verified round remains May’s $113M Series B at $1.3B.
- [What Is Cursor’s Valuation in 2026? $60B Is Press — SpaceX Close Confirmed](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-spacex-closes-cursor-acquisition.md): Cursor’s last widely cited valuation is $60 billion all-stock — press-reported (CNBC June; The Verge on close day), not in Cursor’s August 14, 2026 close post. That post does confirm SpaceX acquired the company.
- [August 12–13 VC News Roundup: Multi-Day Batteries, Vibe Coding & Enterprise Agents](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-12-13-investment-news-energy-codegen-enterprise.md): Gap-fill investment news for Aug 12–13: Form Energy, Lovable, Thrive Holdings, CodeRabbit, Blacksmith, and Skan AI — who uses the products and why these funds fit.
- [What Is Databricks’s Valuation in 2026? $190B Close vs $188B Term Sheet](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-databricks-5b-190b-coatue.md): Databricks’s current valuation is $190 billion as of the August 13, 2026 $5B close (Coatue). July’s $188B figure was a term sheet with no disclosed raise size. Snowflake is public — do not freeze a market cap next to this private mark.
- [Vals AI Raises $40M Series A at $400M — a16z Leads Independent AI Evaluation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-vals-ai-40m-series-a-a16z.md): Vals AI announced a $40M Series A at $400M on August 13, 2026, led by a16z, with 8VC, Pear VC, and BloombergBeta returning. The product is independent benchmarks for real work — not another model lab.
- [August 11–12 VC News: Personal AI, Defense Drones, MSK OS, Agent Security & Insurance Rails](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-11-12-investment-news-personal-ai-defense-health.md): Gap-fill investment explainers for Aug 11–12: River AI $1.1B, Neros $250M, Flagler $50M, Obsidian $85M, Noosphere $10.25M, and Axle $17.5M — who uses the products and why these funds fit.
- [Blacksmith Raises $45M Series B at $550M — Peak XV Bets on AI-Era CI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-blacksmith-45m-series-b-peak-xv-ci-ai.md): Peak XV led Blacksmith’s $45M Series B (closed March, announced Aug 12) with YC and GV tripling down — purpose-built CI compute as AI codegen floods test queues.
- [CodeRabbit Raises $143M Series C at $1.5B for Agentic Change Management](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-coderabbit-143m-series-c-agentic-change-management.md): Atomico and Smash Capital co-led CodeRabbit’s $143M Series C — CRV and Scale return — as AI code review expands into triage, explainability, and post-merge security.
- [Form Energy Raises $750M Series G — Sequoia & Coatue Back Multi-Day Grid Batteries](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-form-energy-750m-series-g-sequoia-coatue.md): T. Rowe Price led Form Energy’s $750M Series G (> $2B total equity). Sequoia joined; Coatue and Energy Impact Partners returned — who buys 100-hour iron-air storage and why this capital fits.
- [Why Did Heaviside Hit $600M Three Months After Stealth?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-heaviside-60m-series-b-600m-nammo.md): Heaviside’s $60M Series B (Felicis, Aug 12) prints $600M three months after a $28M stealth A. Nammo will supply warheads. Revenue and contract values were not disclosed. Here is what the round actually tells you.
- [What Is Lovable’s Valuation in 2026? $13.3B After a $400M Series C](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-lovable-400m-series-c-menlo-13-3b.md): Lovable’s current valuation is $13.3 billion as of the August 12, 2026 $400M Series C led by Menlo Ventures. That supersedes the December $6.6B mark and earlier $12B–$13.2B “in talks” headlines.
- [Skan AI Raises $63M Series C for the Enterprise Context Graph of Work](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-skan-ai-63m-series-c-enterprise-context-graph.md): Cathay Innovation and Dell Technologies Capital co-led Skan AI’s $63M Series C — Citi and State Farm Ventures joined as customers-turned-investors — to map how work actually runs before agents automate it.
- [Thrive Holdings Raises $2B at $12B to Deploy AI Inside Real Businesses](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-thrive-holdings-2b-openai-ai-deployment.md): OpenAI-backed Thrive Holdings raised $2B at $12B from SoftBank, D1, and Altimeter — a PE-style AI deployment platform spun from Thrive Capital, not another chatbot startup.
- [Accel Raises $3.5B Across Four Early-Stage Funds — AI Cycle, Same Seed Job](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-accel-3-5b-early-stage-funds.md): Accel announced $3.5B across US, Europe/Israel, India, and a global expansion vehicle on Aug 11, 2026. What founders should know — and which Accel-backed companies we already cover.
- [August 10–11 VC News Roundup: Counter-Drone, Defensive Cyber AI, Optics & Live Commerce](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-10-11-investment-news-defense-optics-commerce.md): Gap-fill deep-dives for deals not in PRs #69–#75: Cambridge Aerospace, Corma, Lumilens, Whatnot, Dwelly, and Aureka — who uses the products and why these funds fit.
- [Axle’s $17.5M Series A: Base10 Builds the AI Clearinghouse for Insurance](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-axle-17-5m-series-a-base10-insurance-clearinghouse.md): Base10 led Axle’s $17.5M Series A for an AI-native insurance clearinghouse used by Rocket Mortgage, Avis, and Experian — verification, monitoring, and policy updates without PDF fax hell.
- [Flagler Health’s $50M Series B: Bessemer Backs the MSK Clinic Operating System](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-flagler-health-50m-series-b-bessemer-msk-ai.md): Bessemer led Flagler Health’s $50M Series B (total ~$63M) for an AI-native OS that runs musculoskeletal clinics inside existing EMRs — triage, care, billing, and patient comms.
- [Neros’s $250M Series C at $2.5B: Sequoia and ASTF Scale Attritable Drones](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-neros-250m-series-c-sequoia-defense-drones.md): Torrance defense startup Neros raised $250M Series C at $2.5B post-money co-led by Sequoia and the American Strategic Technology Fund to ramp Archer AI strike and Bandit interceptor drones.
- [Noosphere Labs’ $10.25M: Madrona and Trilogy Back Stealth Physical AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-noosphere-labs-10-25m-madrona-trilogy-physical-ai.md): Ex-Meta AI research director Kevin Carlberg raised $10.25M for Noosphere Labs — human-centered physical intelligence — led by Trilogy Equity Partners with major Madrona participation.
- [River AI’s $1.1B Seed/A: General Catalyst Bets on Owned Personal Intelligence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-river-ai-1-1b-general-catalyst-personal-ai.md): xAI co-founder Igor Babuschkin’s River AI raised $1.1B across Seed and Series A led by General Catalyst and AMP PBC — LoRA/RL fine-tuning for open-weight models enterprises can own.
- [August 9–10 VC News: Lithography Bets, APAC AI Factories, COPD & Home Robots](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-9-10-investment-news-chips-infra-biotech.md): Gap-fill deep dives for Aug 9–10: Source Foundry’s $400M Sequoia-adjacent chip-tool bet, Firmus’s $2B AI factories, Expedition’s $115M COPD Series B, Prime Intellect’s $130M agent stack, and Noen’s ¥500M home robots.
- [Aureka’s $100M Series B: Lab-in-the-Loop Biological Foundation Models](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-aureka-biotechnologies-100m-series-b-bio-foundation-models.md): Granite Asia backed Aureka Biotechnologies’ $100M Series B (~$200M cumulative) to scale AuraIDE — closed-loop AI + wet lab for antibody discovery.
- [Cambridge Aerospace’s $300M Series C at $3.4B: Cheap Interceptors vs Expensive Missiles](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cambridge-aerospace-300m-series-c-counter-drone.md): DFJ Growth led Cambridge Aerospace’s $300M Series C as Lux, Accel, and Lakestar returned — Skyhammer sells low-cost air defence against Shahed-class drones.
- [Corma’s $60M Seed: Sequoia Bets on a Foundation Model for Defense, Not Offense](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-corma-60m-seed-sequoia-defensive-cyber-ai.md): Sequoia led Corma’s $60M seed with Khosla and Coatue — a Tel Aviv/SF lab building defensive cybersecurity foundation models as AI attackers pull ahead.
- [Noen Intelligence’s ¥500M Angel++: Matrix China Bets on Foldable Home Robots](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-noen-intelligence-500m-rmb-angel-home-robots.md): Matrix Partners China led Noen (Knowin) Intelligence’s 500 million RMB Angel++ round for GLOW embodied models and the sub-40cm foldable KNOWIN-X1 home robot — Redpoint among participants.
- [Why Did Point2 Raise $136M — Can RF Beat Optics?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-point2-136m-series-b-rf-interconnect.md): Point2’s Series B now totals $136M after an Aug 10 extension led by LB Investment, with Arm joining NVIDIA, Molex, and Bosch Ventures. Performance numbers are company PR. Revenue was not disclosed. Here is the RF vs optics read.
- [Whatnot’s $545M Series G at $20B: Live Commerce Still Clears Mega-Rounds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-whatnot-545m-series-g-20b-live-commerce.md): ICONIQ, Lightspeed, and Avra led Whatnot’s $545M Series G at $20B as a16z, YC, and Kleiner Perkins stayed in — GMV already passed full-year 2025 in H1 2026.
- [The Cybersecurity Decision Matrix: How to Choose Security Platforms Across Every Layer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/cybersecurity-decision-matrix-how-to-choose-security-platforms.md): Cybersecurity is a stack—not one product. This decision matrix maps 16 security layers, vendor maturity ratings, CI/CD supply-chain controls, and procurement scorecards for founders, operators, and portfolio buyers.
- [10x Banking Raises £40M: What the Debt-and-Equity Mix Means](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-10x-banking-40m-debt-equity-mix.md): 10x Banking announced £40M in debt-and-equity financing. Here is what was disclosed, what the financing label means, and what investors should verify next.
- [Aiforia Gets €20M EIB Financing for AI Cancer Diagnostics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-aiforia-20m-eib-financing-ai-cancer.md): Aiforia announced €20M in EIB financing. Here is what was disclosed, what the financing label means, and what investors should verify next.
- [Index Ventures Raises $2B: Seed, Venture and Growth Fund Breakdown](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-index-ventures-2b-fundraise.md): Index Ventures announced $2B in new and expanded funds. Here is what was disclosed, what the financing label means, and what investors should verify next.
- [Inevitable AI Group Raises $6M to Build an AI-Native Venture Studio](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-inevitable-ai-group-6m-venture-studio.md): Inevitable AI Group announced $6M in funding round. Here is what was disclosed, what the financing label means, and what investors should verify next.
- [NavVis Raises $85M Series D for the Physical-AI Data Layer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-navvis-85m-series-d-physical-ai.md): NavVis announced $85M in Series D. Here is what was disclosed, what the financing label means, and what investors should verify next.
- [OLIX Valuation 2026: $312M Series B at $3.3B](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-olix-312m-series-b-3-3b-valuation.md): OLIX announced $312M in Series B at a $3.3B valuation. Here is what was disclosed, what the financing label means, and what investors should verify next.
- [August 9 VC News Roundup: Agentic Security, Voice CX, Edge Compute & Trial AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-9-investment-news-roundup-agents-voice-health.md): Gap-fill investment news for Aug 9: Index→Intelligence, BCV→Straiker, Omilia, Encore, Smallest.ai, QuantHealth, and Acrab — who uses the products and why these funds fit.
- [Source Foundry’s $400M Check: Sequoia’s Lithography Bet Meets Hedge-Fund Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-source-foundry-400m-sequoia-situational-awareness.md): Situational Awareness put another $400M into Sequoia-backed Source Foundry (~$5B valuation) — a stealth ASML-challenger attack on the AI chip manufacturing wall.
- [Aug 8 Investment News Batch: Fireworks, Wonder, Ambrook + Bessemer Cyber Cluster](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-2026-investment-news-roundup.md): Gap-fill coverage for late-July / early-August 2026 deals not already queued in open investment-news PRs — specialized AI inference, food-tech growth, real-economy fintech, and Bessemer’s agentic security stack.
- [Aug 6–7 VC News: Hadrian Factories, Moove Robotaxis, Agent Infra & Biotech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-6-7-investment-news-defense-autonomy-ai.md): Grouped deep dives from the Aug 5–6 funding sprint: Hadrian’s $1.37B defense factories, Moove’s $250M robotaxi ops, Naïve and Gravity on the agent/ad stack, Malachyte commerce AI, and LifeMine’s transplant Series E.
- [Firmus’s $2B Equity Round: Coatue, NVIDIA, Blackstone & Jane Street Bet on APAC AI Factories](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-firmus-2b-coatue-nvidia-blackstone-ai-factories.md): Australian AI infrastructure builder Firmus closed a fully subscribed $2B strategic equity round above $10.5B post-money — follow-ons from Coatue and NVIDIA, new capital from Blackstone and Jane Street.
- [Acrab’s $130M Series B: On-Device Agentic Compute Leaves the Cloud](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-acrab-130m-series-b-agentic-edge-compute.md): Vertex Ventures SEA & India and Vertex Growth backed Singapore’s Acrab in a $130M Series B to commercialize GΞLIX 1 Agent Box — silicon + edge models + orchestration for agents.
- [August 6 Investment News Batch: Cyber, Defense, Agents, and Grid AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-6-investment-news-cyber-defense-agents.md): Grouped explainers for deals not covered in our other early-August PRs — Horizon3, Aurelius, Avatar Robotics, Faye, Sapiom, and Buzz Solutions — with who-uses, why-now, and portfolio-fit angles.
- [Why Did Gravity Raise $30.5M — and Can It Win?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-gravity-30-5m-series-a-lightspeed-ai-ads.md): Gravity’s $30.5M Series A (Lightspeed + Committed Capital) is a bet that AI chat needs a neutral ad exchange. Named logos exist. Revenue, spend, and take rates were not disclosed. Here is what that round actually tells you.
- [Hadrian's $1.37B at ~$8B: Defense Factories, Not Defense Weapons](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-hadrian-1-37b-series-d-8b-valuation.md): Hadrian raised $1.37B at a ~$7.87B valuation to scale automated factories that make parts for submarines, aircraft, and vehicles — with a16z, Founders Fund, and Lux still in the syndicate.
- [LifeMine's $188M Series E: Fungal Biology Meets Transplant Drugs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-lifemine-188m-series-e-transplant-drug.md): LifeMine raised an oversubscribed $188M Series E (plus a prior $75M Series D) to push LIFE-001 — a novel calcineurin-pathway immunosuppressant — toward Phase 2 kidney transplant studies, with ARCH among continuing backers.
- [Lumilens’ $700M Series C at $5.51B: AI’s Bottleneck Moved from GPUs to Wiring](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-lumilens-700m-series-c-ai-optical-interconnect.md): BCV, Spark, and peers co-led Lumilens’ $700M+ Series C as the San Jose optical interconnect startup ships into a hyperscaler under a multi-billion customer agreement.
- [Malachyte's $10M Seed: Spotify Recs Tech Comes for E-commerce](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-malachyte-10m-seed-bessemer-commerce-ai.md): Ex-Spotify engineers raised a $10M seed co-led by Bessemer and Gradient Ventures to bring real-time behavior intelligence — cold-start personalization without cookies — to retail storefronts.
- [Naïve's $28.5M Series A: Infrastructure for Autonomous Companies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-naive-28-5m-series-a-autonomous-company-infra.md): YC-backed Naïve raised $28.5M Series A led by Nexus Venture Partners to let AI agents incorporate, provision payments/email/phone, and run businesses — while attacking agent inference cost.
- [Omilia’s $67M Series B: Voice-First Agentic CX Without Token Bill Shock](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-omilia-67m-series-b-agentic-cx.md): Expedition Growth Capital led Omilia’s $67M Series B as the self-learning agentic CX platform hit $60M+ ARR — Capital One, Discover, RBC, and 1,000+ Taco Bell drive-thrus in the customer set.
- [August 4–5 VC Roundup: $1B Checks for Nuclear and Home Batteries, Plus Agents, Neoclouds, and LatAm Seed Records](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-august-4-5-vc-funding-roundup-ai-power.md): A two-day cluster of megadeals — Valar Atomics, Base Power, HappyRobot, Volta, Decade, Multiplier, Yellow Card, and more — shows capital concentrating on powering AI and operationalizing agents.
- [Yellow Card's $40M: Standard Chartered and Sony Back Stablecoin Rails Beyond Africa](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-yellow-card-40m-stablecoin-infrastructure.md): Yellow Card raised $40M from SC Ventures, Sony Innovation Fund, Polychain, and Blockchain Capital to scale Global USD Accounts — dollar + stablecoin treasury for businesses across 50+ local currencies.
- [Multiplier's $35M Series B: Buy the Accounting Firm, Then Build AI Inside It](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-multiplier-35m-series-b-ai-professional-services.md): The General Partnership led Multiplier's $35M Series B with Ribbit and Lightspeed — funding a permanent holding company that acquires niche professional-services firms and embeds AI where the work actually happens.
- [Decade's $85M Seed: Benchmark and Greenoaks Bet AI Wealth Advice Can Mint Mass Affluent Clients in Brazil](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-decade-85m-seed-greenoaks-benchmark-latam.md): Ex-Nubank CTO Vitor Olivier and Hyperplane's Felipe Meneses raised Latin America's largest seed — $85M from Greenoaks, Benchmark, and Diffusion — for an AI + human wealth advisory still on a waitlist.
- [Valar Atomics' $1B Series B: Sequoia Bets Nuclear Can Be Manufactured for AI Power](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-valar-atomics-1b-series-b-sequoia-nuclear.md): Sequoia led Valar Atomics' $1B Series B at a reported $6B valuation, plus a $200M credit facility — funding the shift from microreactor demo to vertically integrated manufacturing for AI and industrial load.
- [Base Power's Second $1B Round: Home Batteries as Grid Infrastructure at $13B](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-base-power-1b-series-d-13b-ribbit.md): Ribbit, Addition, Valor Equity, and JPMorgan's Strategic Investment Group led Base Power's $1B Series D at $13B post-money — funding U.S.-made Base Core batteries and a virtual power plant at residential scale.
- [Volta Infra's $300M at $2.4B: a16z and Altimeter Back an AI Neocloud Built Like Project Finance](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-volta-infra-300m-a16z-altimeter-ai-cloud.md): Months-old Volta Infra raised $300M co-led by Andreessen Horowitz and Altimeter, with Nvidia and Michael Dell participating — plus a reported $10B compute contract and $5B customer financing pool.
- [HappyRobot's $150M Series C at $1.2B: Enterprise Agents That Do the Work, Not Just Draft It](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-happyrobot-150m-series-c-prysm-eurazeo.md): Prysm Capital and Eurazeo led HappyRobot's $150M Series C as DHL, Uber, and logistics operators buy AI agents that execute calls, email, and multi-step workflows — with a16z, Base10, and YC doubling down.
- [Aurelius Systems' $40M Series A: Autonomous Lasers for Drone Swarms](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-aurelius-systems-40m-series-a-counter-drone.md): Draper and KAS co-led Aurelius Systems’ $40M Series A for Archimedes, an autonomous directed-energy counter-drone platform — General Catalyst returns after co-leading the seed.
- [AlleyCorp Leads Avatar Robotics' $6.5M Seed: Human-in-the-Loop Humanoids](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-avatar-robotics-6-5m-seed-alleycorp.md): AlleyCorp led Avatar Robotics’ $6.5M seed for remotely piloted humanoid robots aimed at warehouse labor gaps — hybrid autonomy that ships work now while collecting training data.
- [Expedition Therapeutics’ $115M Series B: General Atlantic Bets on COPD DPP1](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-expedition-therapeutics-115m-series-b-copd.md): General Atlantic led Expedition’s oversubscribed $115M Series B as the biotech dosed the first patient in a global Phase 2 COPD trial of EXPD-101 — a China-sourced NewCo twist.
- [Madrona Leads Faye's $50M Series C: AI Travel Care Hits $100M Raised](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-faye-50m-series-c-madrona-travel-insurance.md): Madrona led Faye’s $50M Series C as the AI travel-insurance and assistance app targets autonomous claims and global expansion — total funding now about $100M.
- [Moove's $250M Series C at $2.1B: Who Owns the Robotaxi Metal?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-moove-250m-series-c-robotaxi-fleet.md): Mubadala-led $250M Series C values Moove at $2.1B as the Dubai-based fleet operator scales Waymo operations and automated ‘nests’ — the unsexy layer AV developers do not want to own.
- [Sapiom's $35M Series A: Routing Layer for a Trillion AI Agents](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sapiom-35m-series-a-ai-agent-routing.md): Dragonfly led Sapiom’s $35M Series A (total $50M) with Accel, Menlo, Coinbase Ventures, and Anthropic among backers — infrastructure that picks the cheapest reliable path for each agent step.
- [Buzz Solutions' $20M Series A: AI That Turns Grid Photos Into Maintenance Decisions](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-buzz-solutions-20m-series-a-grid-inspection-ai.md): S3 Ventures led Buzz Solutions’ $20M Series A for PowerAI — computer vision that helps utilities inspect transmission, distribution, substations, and solar assets at scale.
- [Why Insight Partners Led Convex's $57M Series B for AI-Era Backends](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-convex-57m-series-b-insight-partners.md): Convex raised $57M Series B led by Insight Partners, with a16z and Spark returning — a bet that agent-written software needs a reliability layer Postgres never provided.
- [Early August 2026 VC Roundup: Agents Need Backends, CI, Security — and Power](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-early-august-vc-funding-roundup-ai-infra.md): Grouped coverage of the week's matching deals: Convex, RWX, Zenity, Ore Energy, plus late-July Etched, Atoms, and Chai Discovery — AI infra from silicon to molecules.
- [Obsidian Security’s $85M Series D at $1.1B: SaaS Security Becomes Agent Identity Control](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-obsidian-security-85m-series-d-menlo-ai-agents.md): Crescent Cove led Obsidian’s $85M Series D at $1.1B with Menlo and Greylock returning — securing non-human identities and AI agents inside third-party enterprise apps.
- [Ore Energy's $43M Series A: Europe's Iron-Air Bet for Multi-Day Grid Storage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ore-energy-43m-series-a-iron-air.md): Amsterdam's Ore Energy raised $43M Series A from Plural and HV Capital to manufacture iron-air batteries after a 1 GWh Budget Thuis deal and EDF pilots.
- [QuantHealth’s $45M Series B: Simulate the Trial Before You Enroll Patients](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-quanthealth-45m-series-b-clinical-trial-ai.md): Qumra Capital led QuantHealth’s $45M Series B for AI clinical-trial simulation — predicting trial outcomes before first patient in, with Sanofi Ventures returning.
- [RWX's $12M Series A: Why Hyde Park Backed CI Built for Coding Agents](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-rwx-12m-series-a-hyde-park.md): Hyde Park Venture Partners led RWX's $12M Series A as CI becomes the bottleneck — Honeycomb, Verkada, and nCino need validation that keeps up with AI-written code.
- [Thrive-Backed Ambrook Raises $30M Series B for Real-Economy Finance Software](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-thrive-capital-ambrook-30m-series-b.md): Ambrook closed a $30M Series B led by Lachy Groom with Thrive Capital participating — expanding its AI-native accounting, payments, and cash tools from farms into trucking, construction, and property management.
- [Horizon3's $250M Series E at $2B: Continuous AI Pentesting Goes Mainstream](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-horizon3-250m-series-e-ai-pentest.md): Horizon3 raised $250M Series E at a $2B valuation as enterprises demand continuous, production-safe penetration testing — NodeZero’s ‘AI hackers’ vs annual human sampling.
- [Index Leads Intelligence’s $7.9M Seed: Human Taste as AI Eval Infra](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-index-ventures-intelligence-design-arena-7-9m-seed.md): Index Ventures led Intelligence’s $7.9M seed for Design Arena — a human preference platform that frontier labs pay for to improve visual/media models.
- [Robinhood Ventures Fund II (RVII): $200M Retail VC IPO Explained](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-robinhood-ventures-fund-ii-rvii-ipo.md): Robinhood Ventures Fund II (RVII) launched its IPO roadshow on Aug 3, 2026 — up to $200M at $25/share, YC-focused seed bets, BDC structure. How it differs from RVI and traditional VC.
- [Zenity's $125M Series C: Norwest Bets on Security for Autonomous AI Agents](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-zenity-125m-series-c-norwest-ai-agent-security.md): Norwest led Zenity's $125M Series C with SoftBank Vision Fund 2, Hitachi, and LG — enterprises need intent-aware controls as agents act on critical systems.
- [Decagon AI Funding and Valuation: What Supports the $4.5B Price?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/decagon-ai-funding-valuation-series-d-2026.md): Decagon moved from a $1.5B Series C to a $4.5B Series D valuation in roughly seven months. Here is the verified funding timeline, company-reported traction, investor map, and what remains undisclosed.
- [YC Fall 2026 Applications: What Happens After the Deadline?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/yc-fall-2026-application-deadline-interview-guide.md): Fall 2026 on-time decisions were promised by August 28. As of August 30, YC’s apply page lists Winter 2027 (January–March in San Francisco): on-time deadline November 2, decisions December 11. No public Fall 2026 company list.
- [YC vs a16z Speedrun: Which Deal Is Better for Founders in 2026?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/yc-vs-a16z-speedrun-deal-terms-2026.md): YC offers $500K for 7% plus an MFN SAFE. Speedrun offers $500K for 10% plus a $500K follow-on commitment. Compare the actual ownership math, program fit, and unanswered questions.
- [Greyparrot Raises $27M Series B for AI Waste Intelligence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-greyparrot-27m-series-b-ai-waste.md): Greyparrot announced $27M in Series B. Here is what was disclosed, what the financing label means, and what investors should verify next.
- [inforcer Raises $50M Series C for MSP Security and AI Management](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-inforcer-50m-series-c-msp-security.md): inforcer announced $50M in Series C. Here is what was disclosed, what the financing label means, and what investors should verify next.
- [iwoca’s £250M Funding Structure: Debt Facility, Not a VC Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-iwoca-250m-debt-facility-explained.md): iwoca announced £250M in debt funding structure. Here is what was disclosed, what the financing label means, and what investors should verify next.
- [ZuriQ Raises $25.5M for 2D Trapped-Ion Quantum Computing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-zuriq-25-5m-trapped-ion-quantum.md): ZuriQ announced $25.5M in funding round. Here is what was disclosed, what the financing label means, and what investors should verify next.
- [8VC Check Size: Typical Range, Stage Focus, and Founder Fit (2026)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/8vc-check-size-2026.md): Looking up 8VC check size? Public materials cite a wide $500K–$50M range; early checks often $500K–$5M. Build program context, defense thesis, and founder outreach tips.
- [B Capital Group Check Size: Typical Range, Stage Focus, and Founder Fit (2026)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/b-capital-group-check-size-2026.md): Looking up B Capital Group check size? Here is a stage-based planning band for early leads vs growth, $12B+ AUM context, and how founders should qualify outreach.
- [BoxGroup Check Size: Typical Range, Stage Focus, and Founder Fit (2026)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/boxgroup-check-size-2026.md): Looking up BoxGroup check size? Here is a practical stage-based seed planning band, ultra-early lead context (Ramp, Plaid, Airtable), and how founders should qualify outreach.
- [Collaborative Fund Check Size: Fund I $10K–$400K and What Founders Should Model in 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/collaborative-fund-check-size-2026.md): Collaborative Fund has a published historical Fund I range of about $10K–$400K, with an average near $100K. Here is how to separate that evidence from a current stage-based estimate.
- [Equal Ventures Check Size: Typical $2–3M Seed Range and Founder Fit (2026)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/equal-ventures-check-size-2026.md): Looking up Equal Ventures check size? The firm publicly cites ~$2–3M initial seed checks, with Opportunity Fund follow-ons for winners. Stage focus and outreach tips.
- [London VC Firms 2026: Directory Shortlist for Seed and Growth Founders](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/london-vc-firms-2026.md): As of August 2026, the London funds we cover with full profiles — Index, Balderton, LocalGlobe, Ada Ventures — plus when European peers show up on UK caps.
- [Lux Capital Check Size: Typical Range, Stage Focus, and Founder Fit (2026)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/lux-capital-check-size-2026.md): Looking up Lux Capital check size? Here is a practical stage-based estimate for seed/Series A leads, deep-tech thesis fit, and how founders should qualify outreach.
- [MetaProp Check Size: Typical Range, Stage Focus, and Founder Fit (2026)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/metaprop-check-size-2026.md): Looking up MetaProp check size? GP interviews and our coverage cite ~$1M–$2M initial checks for early proptech. Stage focus and how founders should qualify outreach.
- [Notation Capital Check Size: Typical Range, Stage Focus, and Founder Fit (2026)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/notation-capital-check-size-2026.md): Looking up Notation Capital check size? Photon coverage cites ~$250K–$750K first checks for Brooklyn pre-seed. Stage focus and how technical founders should approach.
- [Planeteer Capital Check Size: Typical Range, Fund Size, and Founder Fit (2026)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/planeteer-capital-check-size-2026.md): Looking up Planeteer Capital check size? Maiden fund is $54M (June 2025). Early climate planning band ~$500K–$3M with high uncertainty — stage-based, not firm-disclosed.
- [Average Seed and Series A Round Size in 2026: What the Money Is Supposed to Buy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/seed-vs-series-a-check-size-2026.md): Average seed and Series A numbers are poor shortcuts on their own. This practical guide separates total round size from one investor’s check, explains what each stage must prove, and maps founders to stage-fit funds.
- [Union Square Ventures Check Size: Historical $1M–$3M Signals and 2026 Founder Fit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/union-square-ventures-check-size-2026.md): USV does not publish one current ticket, but its own fund history and 2006 deal-size post provide useful anchors. Here is how founders should model a current round without turning history into a guarantee.
- [Smallest.ai’s $13M Series A: Real-Time Voice Models That Don’t Wait for the LLM](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-smallest-ai-13m-series-a-voice-infra.md): Seligman Ventures led Smallest.ai’s $13M Series A (>$21M total) for Hydra/Voice 4.0 — async speech architecture aimed at sub-second enterprise conversations.
- [Jump Capital closes $350M Fund VIII — why it matters in July 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-07-29-jump-capital-closes-350m-fund-viii.md): Jump Capital has fresh early-stage capital for AI applications, infrastructure, fintech, and security—and a broader operating footprint beyond Chicago.
- [Bessemer Leads Onyx Security $113M Series B for the Agentic Control Plane](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-bessemer-onyx-security-113m-series-b.md): Bessemer Venture Partners led Onyx Security’s $113M Series B (~$640M valuation) in July 2026 to build a secure control plane for enterprise AI agents — steering risky actions instead of only blocking them.
- [Encore AI’s $30M Series A: Agents That Make Money on the Call, Not Deflect It](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-encore-ai-30m-series-a-revenue-agents.md): Team8 led Encore AI’s $30M Series A for Interaction Mining agents that convert, collect, and upsell in regulated financial services — with bank and insurer customers also investing.
- [Bessemer-Backed Act Security Emerges With $60M to Kill Cloud Access Paths](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-bessemer-act-security-60m-cloud-security.md): Act Security, founded by the Medigate team and backed by Bessemer from seed through Series A, emerged from stealth with $60M to eliminate the access sprawl that makes cloud vulnerabilities exploitable — including by AI agents.
- [Dwelly’s $170M Series B: AI Roll-Up of UK Lettings with General Catalyst](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-dwelly-170m-series-b-general-catalyst-proptech.md): EQT Growth led Dwelly’s $170M Series B ($95M equity + $75M Trinity debt) with General Catalyst — buy agencies, run them on an AI operating system.
- [Albuquerque Startups and VC Firms in 2026: mPower, BayoTech, Mantis Space, and Labs Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/albuquerque-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Albuquerque’s venture map in 2026 — mPower, BayoTech, Mantis Space, Osazda Energy, Roadrunner Venture Studios, NM Angels, Cottonwood Technology Fund, and national deep-tech capital.
- [Ann Arbor Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Duo, May Mobility, Arboretum](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/ann-arbor-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Ann Arbor venture map in 2026 — Duo Security’s $2.35B Cisco exit, May Mobility, Esperion (NASDAQ), Arboretum Ventures, and Michigan Capital Network.
- [Atlanta & Southeast VC Firms 2026: Atlanta Ventures, TTV, BIP, and National Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/atlanta-southeast-vc-firms-2026.md): Atlanta venture map in 2026 — local HQ funds Atlanta Ventures, TTV Capital, and BIP Ventures, plus national platforms that write Southeast checks, with Stord and Greenlight as proof points.
- [Atlanta Startups We Cover 2026: Stord, Pindrop, Greenlight, and Georgia Gaps](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/atlanta-startups-we-cover-2026.md): Atlanta and Georgia companies in our directory — Stord's $250M Series F, Pindrop voice security, Greenlight family fintech, Deepr and TxO alumni — with investor links and honest gaps.
- [Austin & Texas Startups We Cover 2026: Hard Tech, Defense, Energy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/austin-texas-startups-we-cover-2026.md): Austin startups with real profiles — Saronic, CesiumAstro, Apptronik, Base Power, Galadyne, Tenfold — wired to local funds 8VC, ATX Venture Partners, and national defense capital.
- [Austin VC Firms for Hard Tech 2026: Four Local HQ Funds + National Presence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/austin-vc-firms-hard-tech-2026.md): Austin venture map — 8VC, Multicoin, ATX Venture Partners, and Next Coast as HQ firms, plus a16z, Founders Fund, Lux, and GC for defense and hard-tech scale.
- [Baltimore Startups and VC Firms in 2026: TEDCO, Hopkins Clinical AI, Pearl Diagnostics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/baltimore-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Baltimore venture map in 2026 — TEDCO, Latimer, TCP, Maryland Momentum, plus kweliTV, Bayesian Health, Pearl Diagnostics, Inner Logic, and Neurava.
- [How Does the Berkus Method Value a Pre-Revenue Startup — and When Should You Ignore It?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/berkus-method-startup-valuation.md): Looking for how the Berkus method works? Score five risk reductions with indicative caps, see a worked example, and know when traction comps beat Berkus.
- [Birmingham AL Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Healthcare Density, Real Companies, Real Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/birmingham-al-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Birmingham, Alabama’s venture map in 2026 — Shipt’s $550M Target exit, Acclinate and ArcheHealth raises, UAB spinouts, and the local funds that write first checks.
- [Boise Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Treasure Valley Software, Real Companies, Real Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/boise-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Boise's venture map in 2026 — Clearwater Analytics (NYSE: CWAN), Lovevery, GetWhys, OurPetPolicy's Series A, and three local capital paths beyond Capital Eleven alone.
- [Boston & Cambridge Startups We Cover in 2026: Boltz, OpenEvidence, Whoop, GCTx](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/boston-cambridge-startups-we-cover-2026.md): As of July 2026, directory companies we can honestly place in Boston–Cambridge or Greater Boston — plus related biotech coverage tied to Boston capital with HQ labeled elsewhere.
- [Boston & Cambridge VC Firms in 2026: Biotech Creation, Enterprise, and Directory Shortlist](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/boston-cambridge-vc-firms-2026.md): As of July 2026, the Boston–Cambridge funds we cover — General Catalyst, Battery, Third Rock, Atlas, CRV, F-Prime, Spark — plus when ARCH shows up on East Coast biotech caps.
- [Buffalo Startups and VC Firms in 2026: ACV Auctions, 43North, and Life Sciences Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/buffalo-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Buffalo’s venture map in 2026 — ACV Auctions (NASDAQ: ACVA), Guidesly, PostProcess, Roswell/UB spinouts, plus 43North, Launch NY, and Rand Capital.
- [Carve-Out vs Spin-Off: What’s the Difference — and When Do PE Buyers Care?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/carve-out-vs-spin-off-private-equity.md): Looking for carve-out vs spin-off differences? Compare cash, control, and tax paths — and see what private equity diligence when buying a carved-out division.
- [Charleston SC Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Blackbaud, Benefitfocus Exit, Port-City SaaS](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/charleston-sc-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Charleston, South Carolina — not WV. Blackbaud, Benefitfocus, Boomtown, Gnosis Freight, plus Good Growth Capital, Alerion Ventures, and Charleston Angel Partners.
- [Charlotte Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Banking Corridor, Treasury Tech, Real Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/charlotte-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Charlotte's venture map in 2026 — AvidXchange and LendingTree (public), DebtBook, Aiwyn, Payzer's $250M exit, FinOpti treasury infrastructure, and local funds from angels to growth equity.
- [Chattanooga Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Gig City Companies With Lasting HQ](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/chattanooga-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Chattanooga's venture map in 2026 — Ambition, Bellhop, Branch Technology, homegrown Totem, plus Brickyard, co.lab, and Chattanooga Renaissance Fund.
- [Chicago & Midwest VC Firms 2026: Who Writes Checks (HQ vs National)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/chicago-midwest-vc-firms-2026.md): Chicago venture map in 2026 — ARCH, Hyde Park VP, MATH, and Chicago Ventures as local HQ firms, plus national capital for Series A+ — with real /fund/ links and honest gaps.
- [Chicago Startups We Cover in 2026: B2B SaaS, Marketplaces, and Industrial AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/chicago-startups-we-cover-2026.md): Chicago startups with real /startup/ profiles — ActiveCampaign, SpotHero, Uptake, Flash Hoops, Journera, and Hatch — plus local fund links and honest coverage gaps.
- [Cincinnati Startups and VC Firms in 2026: 84.51°, CincyTech, Medpace](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/cincinnati-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Cincinnati venture map in 2026 — Kroger’s 84.51° data science, Assurex Health’s GeneSight exit, Medpace (CRO), plus CincyTech and QCA Ventures.
- [Cleveland Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Clinic Spinouts, JumpStart, Diagnostics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/cleveland-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Cleveland venture map in 2026 — Cleveland Diagnostics, Centerline Biomedical, AxoNeural, JumpStart, and ARCH as national biotech company-building capital.
- [Columbus OH Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Root, Drive Capital, CoverMyMeds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/columbus-oh-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Columbus, Ohio venture map in 2026 — Root Insurance (NASDAQ: ROOT), CoverMyMeds’ exit, Cardinal Health adjacency, Drive Capital, and Rev1 Ventures.
- [Dallas–Fort Worth Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Match, Alkami, UpSmith](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/dallas-fort-worth-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): DFW venture map in 2026 — Match Group and Alkami publics, UpSmith’s trades AI seed, SoftLayer’s IBM cloud exit, plus Dallas Venture Capital and Perot Jain.
- [Denver & Boulder Startups We Cover 2026: Ibotta, Boom, Feedplan, and Colorado Gaps](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/denver-boulder-startups-we-cover-2026.md): Colorado HQ startups we profile — Ibotta's NYSE IPO, Boom Supersonic's $300M round, Feedplan and Virch Merch — with verified investors and an honest gap list.
- [Denver & Boulder VC Firms 2026: Foundry, Access VP, Meritage, and National Shortlists](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/denver-boulder-vc-firms-2026.md): Front Range venture capital in 2026 — Boulder/Denver HQ funds we now profile (Foundry, Access Venture Partners, Meritage) plus national firms Colorado founders still need for Series A+.
- [Des Moines Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Insurance Corridor, Real Companies, Real Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/des-moines-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Des Moines's venture map in 2026 — Dwolla, Recoop, Gain Compliance, Benekiva, Next Level Ventures, ManchesterStory, BrokerTech Ventures, and national fintech capital for Iowa's insurance corridor.
- [Detroit Startups and VC Firms in 2026: StockX, DVP, and Mobility Software](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/detroit-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Detroit’s venture map in 2026 — StockX, InvestNext, Airspace Link, CoverTree, plus Detroit Venture Partners, Ludlow Ventures, and ID Ventures.
- [East Coast Venture Capital Firms 2026: NYC, Boston, Miami & DC Map](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/east-coast-venture-capital-firms-2026.md): Leading East Coast VC firms for 2026 — NYC software and seed depth, Boston biotech company-builders, plus Miami and DC callouts — with stage, thesis, and fund links.
- [How Does an Exit Waterfall Work — and What Do Founders Actually Take Home?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/exit-waterfall-analysis-founder-proceeds.md): Looking for how an exit waterfall divides proceeds? Model debt, preferred preferences, participation, and common — why a $40M headline exit is not $40M to the team.
- [Honolulu Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Pacific Climate, Hard Tech, and Real Companies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/honolulu-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Honolulu venture map in 2026 — Elemental Impact climate deployments, Turno STR ops, Oceanit and Nalu Scientific hard tech, ʻŌlelo Intelligence, plus Blue Startups and Hawaii Angels.
- [Houston Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Fervo, Axiom, Mercury Fund, Energy Transition](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/houston-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Houston venture map in 2026 — Fervo Energy (NASDAQ: FRVO), Axiom Space, Solugen, Intuitive Machines, Cart.com, HighRadius, plus Mercury Fund, ETV, and Houston Angel Network.
- [How to Evaluate Thrive Capital in 2026: Founder Diligence Memo](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/how-to-evaluate-thrive-capital-2026.md): Should you take Thrive Capital money at seed, Series A, or growth? Thesis, concentration style, stage scorecards, portfolio proof points, and how meetings actually happen — plus why crossover VC is not a hedge fund.
- [Indianapolis Startups and VC Firms in 2026: High Alpha, Zylo, and B2B SaaS](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/indianapolis-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Indianapolis’s venture map in 2026 — High Alpha and Elevate Ventures, plus Zylo, Authenticx, Encamp, and Scale Computing.
- [Insight Partners SaaS Check Size, ScaleUp Focus & Exit Playbook (2026)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/insight-partners-saas-check-size-exits-2026.md): What founders need on Insight Partners’ SaaS investment focus, publicly sourced check-size bands ($5M–$500M+), ScaleUp ARR entry signals, Onsite GTM support, and exits from Wiz to monday.com to take-privates.
- [Jacksonville Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Health-IT, Fintech, and North Florida Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/jacksonville-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Jacksonville’s venture map in 2026 — Availity, Finxact’s Fiserv exit, Forcura/Mosai, NLP Logix, Hazlnut, PS27 Ventures, Mayport, and Chang Robotics Fund — distinct from Miami’s LatAm gateway.
- [Kansas City Startups and VC Firms in 2026: PayIt, KCRise, and Flyover Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/kansas-city-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Kansas City’s venture map in 2026 — PayIt, Companion Protect, Bungii, Sailes, plus KCRise Fund and Flyover Capital.
- [Las Vegas Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Sleeper, Zappos, Switch](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/las-vegas-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Las Vegas venture map in 2026 — Sleeper’s fantasy sports scale-up, Zappos (Amazon), Switch’s data-center take-private, and VTF Capital (ex-VegasTechFund).
- [Los Angeles Startups We Cover 2026: Aerospace, Defense & Consumer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/los-angeles-startups-we-cover-2026.md): Greater LA startups with real profiles — SpaceX, Apex, Radiant, Hadrian, Believer, Lightspark — plus Crosscut, Upfront, and national defense syndicates.
- [Los Angeles VC Firms 2026: Four Local HQ Funds + National Defense Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/los-angeles-vc-firms-2026.md): LA venture map — Upfront, Fifth Wall, Crosscut, and Mucker as HQ firms, plus Founders Fund, Lux, a16z, and GC for South Bay aerospace and consumer.
- [Louisville Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Healthcare, Energy SaaS, and Ops AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/louisville-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Louisville's venture map in 2026 — Virtual Peaker, DPL, RAAPID, Vsimple's HQ return, plus Chrysalis Ventures, Keyhorse Capital, and Render Capital.
- [Madison WI Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Exact Sciences, Fetch, gener8tor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/madison-wi-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Madison venture map in 2026 — Exact Sciences (NASDAQ: EXAS), Fetch, Understory, plus gener8tor HQ, HealthX Ventures, and Clarevia Ventures.
- [Memphis Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Logistics Corridor, Medtech, and Real Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/memphis-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Memphis venture map in 2026 — Ridgeline's FedEx-backed Fund II, SweetBio and SomaVac medtech, Ship It Pro logistics software, plus Innova Memphis and MB Venture Partners.
- [Miami & Florida Startups We Cover (2026): Lula, Payall, Yuga Labs, and Honest Gaps](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/miami-florida-startups-we-cover-2026.md): Florida HQ startups in our directory — Lula's $18M Series A, Payall cross-border rails, Yuga Labs web3 IP, and Meta4 Capital — with verified locations and fund links.
- [Miami VC Firms 2026: LatAm Gateway Investors and Local Funds We Cover](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/miami-vc-firms-latam-gateway-2026.md): Miami's venture map in 2026 — TheVentureCity, Ocean Azul Partners, and Fuel Venture Capital at HQ, plus national LatAm-gateway firms with honest office labels and fund profile links.
- [Milwaukee Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Rockwell, BrightStar, Northwestern Mutual](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/milwaukee-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Milwaukee venture map in 2026 — Rockwell Automation, Direct Supply, Northwestern Mutual + Future Ventures CVC, BrightStar Wisconsin. gener8tor HQ is Madison.
- [Minneapolis–St. Paul Startups and VC Firms in 2026: SPS Commerce, Matchstick, Twin Cities Software](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/minneapolis-st-paul-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Twin Cities venture map in 2026 — SPS Commerce, Dayforce, Jamf, Gravie, plus Matchstick Ventures, Great North, and Bread & Butter Ventures.
- [Most Active NYC Startup Investors 2024–2026: Who’s Writing Checks Now](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/most-active-nyc-startup-investors-2024-2026.md): A methodology-backed map of the most visible NYC startup investors by public deal activity from 2024 through mid-2026 — with caveats, fund links, and recent deal examples.
- [Nashville Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Health Services Capital Map](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nashville-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Nashville’s venture map in 2026 — Thyme Care, Monogram Health, UnityAI, XOi, Skylight Health, plus Frist Cressey, NCN, Mountain Group, and Company Ventures’ residency.
- [What’s the Difference Between a Subscription Line and NAV Financing?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nav-financing-vs-subscription-line.md): Looking for NAV financing vs a subscription line? Sub lines borrow against uncalled commitments; NAV facilities borrow against portfolio value — different LP questions and founder signals.
- [New Orleans Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Prokeep, Levelset, NOSF](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/new-orleans-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): New Orleans venture map in 2026 — Prokeep’s $25M Series A, Resilia, Levelset’s Procore exit, plus New Orleans Startup Fund and Idea Village.
- [Newark and Jersey City Startups and VC Firms in 2026: NJ Fintech Plumbing, Enterprise SaaS, Real Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/newark-jersey-city-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): New Jersey side of the NYC metro in 2026 — Newark Venture Partners, HAX Newark, Edison Partners, Cross River, DriveWealth, Bluevine, and iCIMS. When to use the New York hub instead.
- [NYC AI Copilot Startups for Professionals 2026: Meetings, Legal, Finance, Clinical](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-ai-copilot-startups-professionals-2026.md): A 2026 workflow map of AI copilots for professionals bought and built around NYC — meetings (Granola), legal (Harvey), finance (AlphaSense, Hebbia), clinical (Avo) — with funding signals and clear lines vs agents and document AI.
- [Rising AI Document Startups in New York (2026): From Notes to Operating Systems](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-ai-document-startups-2026.md): NYC’s rising AI document cluster — meetings, legal, clinical notes, and knowledge bases — is winning when docs become workflows, not summaries. Funding table, buyers, and thesis.
- [NYC Seed-Stage VC Firms Ranking 2026: Who Actually Leads](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-seed-stage-vc-firms-ranking-2026.md): A methodology-first 2026 ranking of NYC seed VCs — Primary, Lerer Hippeau, Boldstart, BoxGroup, and peers — by lead visibility, seed-mandate fund size, and sector fit (not raw AUM).
- [NYC Series A VC Firms 2026: Who Leads, Who Follows, and What the Metrics Bar Looks Like](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-series-a-vc-firms-2026.md): A founder shortlist of NYC Series A venture firms — lead vs follow, sector fit, and approximate ARR/growth norms for 2026 rounds in the $8–25M band.
- [NYC VC Firms Track Record & Returns Proxies 2026: How to Judge Without Fake IRRs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-firms-track-record-returns-2026.md): NYC investment firms rarely publish DPI or IRR. Use this 2026 proxy table — unicorns, exits, and public signals for Insight, Thrive, USV, Lux, Primary, and peers — plus a founder/LP diligence checklist.
- [Oklahoma City Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Paycom, Energy-Tech, and Between-the-Coasts Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/oklahoma-city-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Oklahoma City venture map in 2026 — Paycom (NYSE: PAYC), Apricot's Insight-led Series A, Tobe Energy and Galvanic Energy, plus Cortado Ventures, Plains Ventures, and i2E.
- [Omaha Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Commerce Software, Real Companies, Real Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/omaha-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Omaha's venture map in 2026 — Buildertrend, Breeze, LeverageRx, Grapple, Dundee Venture Capital, MOVE Venture Capital, Nebraska Angels, and national fintech capital for the Midwest commerce corridor.
- [Orange County Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Anduril, DZYNE, Mach Industries, Cove Fund — Not LA](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/orange-county-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Orange County’s venture map in 2026 — Anduril, DZYNE, Mach Industries, Bonfire Studios, Tebra, WM Technology, plus Cove Fund, TCA, and Visionary Ventures.
- [Orlando Startups and VC Firms in 2026: SimSpace, DeepWork, Lake Nona Health](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/orlando-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Orlando venture map in 2026 — SimSpace’s cyber-range HQ move, SIMCOM aviation training, DeepWork Capital, and GuideWell Innovation at Lake Nona.
- [Philadelphia Startups and VC Firms in 2026: dbt Labs, Crossbeam, Penn Cell Therapy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/philadelphia-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Philadelphia venture map in 2026 — dbt Labs, Crossbeam, Timbucktoo, Tmunity’s Penn CAR-T exit, Wealthmore, and national software/biotech /fund/ shortlists.
- [Phoenix Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Copper Sky, Basata, Nx, Nuclearn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/phoenix-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Greater Phoenix venture map in 2026 — Copper Sky Capital, PHX Ventures, Arizona Founders Fund, PHX Angels, plus Basata, Nx, Nuclearn, One Raven, and Synthreo.
- [Pittsburgh Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Duolingo, Astrobotic, Gray Swan](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/pittsburgh-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Pittsburgh venture map in 2026 — Duolingo (Nasdaq: DUOL), Astrobotic lunar ops (Voyager-acquired), Gray Swan’s $40M Series A, plus Innovation Works, Birchmere, and Mountain State Capital.
- [Portland OR Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Oregon Seed Stack, Hydrolix, ConductorOne, Eclypsium](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/portland-or-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Portland, Oregon venture map in 2026 — Oregon Venture Fund, Elevate, Portland Seed Fund, Rogue VP, plus Hydrolix, ConductorOne, Eclypsium, Distributional, and Panthalassa.
- [Preferred vs Common Stock in Startups — What Rights Actually Differ?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/preferred-vs-common-stock-startup-vc.md): Looking for preferred vs common stock in VC deals? Preferred is a rights package — liquidation preference, protective provisions, conversion — not just 'better shares.'
- [Providence Startups and VC Firms in 2026: RxVantage, VoltServer, Slater](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/providence-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Providence / Rhode Island venture map in 2026 — RxVantage, SquadLocker, VoltServer Digital Electricity, Slater Technology Fund, and RevUp Capital.
- [Raleigh–Durham Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Hatteras, Pendo, Precision BioSciences](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/raleigh-durham-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Research Triangle venture map in 2026 — Hatteras and Pappas Capital, plus Bandwidth, Pendo, Precision BioSciences, and Alleviate Health.
- [Reno Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Northern Nevada Industry, Real Companies, Real Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/reno-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Reno–Sparks venture map in 2026 — Redwood Materials, MessageDesk, Madison AI, Filament, Reno Seed Fund, Sierra Angels, FundNV, and why Quobly (Grenoble) is not Reno.
- [How Do Revenue Multiples Work for Startup Valuation — and Why Public Industry Tables Mislead Founders?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/revenue-multiples-startup-valuation-by-industry.md): Looking for revenue multiples by industry for your raise? Learn the EV ÷ revenue math, indicative SaaS ARR bands, and why Damodaran-style public comps are not a seed price.
- [Richmond VA Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Mission Lane, Lighthouse, VVP](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/richmond-va-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Richmond fintech map in 2026 — Mission Lane, Paymerang’s Corpay exit, Thrive Financial, Lighthouse Network, and Virginia Venture Partners. Capital One HQ is McLean.
- [Rochester NY Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Photonect, Circle Optics, Luminate, and Imaging Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/rochester-ny-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Rochester, New York — not Minnesota — venture map in 2026: Syntec Optics, Photonect, Circle Optics, Lumetrics, Phlotonics, plus Luminate NY, Excell Partners, and Rochester Angel Network.
- [Sacramento Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Capital Region Buyers, Davis Agtech, Real Local Funds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/sacramento-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Sacramento’s venture map in 2026 — Rhombus, GRIN, Biome Makers, HealthSherpa, Azra Games, and four Capital Region funds beyond Sacramento Angels alone.
- [Salt Lake City Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Recursion, Neighbor, Silicon Slopes](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/salt-lake-city-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Wasatch Front venture map in 2026 — Recursion (NASDAQ: RXRX), Neighbor, Fusion-io’s exit history, and national proptech/techbio /fund/ shortlists.
- [San Antonio Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Darkhive, Robotics, and Cyber](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/san-antonio-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): San Antonio’s venture map in 2026 — Darkhive, Plus One Robotics, Insane Cyber, SafeRide Health, plus Active Capital and Alamo Angels.
- [San Diego Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Shield AI, ClickUp, Torrey Pines Gaps](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/san-diego-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): San Diego venture map in 2026 — Shield AI, SkySafe, ClickUp, Turquoise Health, Function Oncology, Comma, national investor links, and honest Torrey Pines biotech gaps.
- [San Francisco Bay Area Startups We Cover 2026: Directory Map for Founders & Investors](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/san-francisco-bay-area-startups-we-cover-2026.md): Which Bay Area companies are in our startup directory — AI labs, fintech rails, marketplaces, and vertical AI — with HQ honesty, stage/status, and linked investors.
- [San Francisco Bay Area VC Firms 2026: Funds We Cover on Sand Hill and in SF](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/san-francisco-bay-area-vc-firms-2026.md): A founder shortlist of Bay Area venture firms in our directory — Sequoia, a16z, Benchmark, Greylock, Khosla, and seed specialists — with stage focus, thesis, and honest HQ notes.
- [Santa Barbara Startups and VC Firms in 2026: AppFolio, Sonos, Apeel, Transphorm, and Central Coast Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/santa-barbara-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Santa Barbara–Goleta’s venture map in 2026 — AppFolio (APPF), Sonos (SONO), Apeel Sciences, Transphorm → Renesas, plus SBVP, ScOp, and Entrada Ventures.
- [What Is the Scorecard Valuation Method — and When Should Angels Use It Instead of Berkus?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/scorecard-valuation-method-startups.md): Looking for the scorecard valuation method? Adjust a regional average pre-money with weighted factors for team, market, and product — and know when Berkus or comps beat it.
- [Seattle Startups We Cover 2026: Enterprise, AI Infra, Space & Defense](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/seattle-startups-we-cover-2026.md): Directory-backed map of Seattle / Bellevue / Kent startups — Apptio, Temporal, MotherDuck, Chestnut, XBOW, Overland AI, and more — with HQ honesty and linked /fund/ investors.
- [Seattle VC Firms for Enterprise 2026: Who Actually Writes Checks](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/seattle-vc-firms-enterprise-2026.md): Seattle enterprise venture map in 2026 — Madrona, Founders' Co-op, PSL, Flying Fish, Voyager, and Ascend as local HQ funds, plus national firms active in Seattle deals.
- [St. Louis Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Geneoscopy, BioGenerator, Agtech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/st-louis-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): St. Louis’s venture map in 2026 — Geneoscopy, CoverCress, Allotera Therapeutics, plus BioGenerator Ventures and Cultivation Capital.
- [Tampa Bay Startups and VC Firms in 2026: ReliaQuest, ConnectWise, Florida Funders](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/tampa-bay-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Tampa Bay venture map in 2026 — ReliaQuest’s $3.4B round, ConnectWise, Kforce, plus Florida Funders and Tampa Bay Wave. Not Miami’s LatAm gateway.
- [Tucson Startups and VC Firms in 2026: Optics Valley, Fringe Metrology, Desert Angels, UAVC, DVI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/tucson-startups-and-vc-firms-2026.md): Tucson’s venture map in 2026 — World View, NP Photonics, Fringe Metrology, FreeFall, Precision Epigenomics, plus Desert Angels, UA Venture Capital, and DVI Equity Partners.
- [Which Type of Investor Should Fund My Startup at This Stage?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/types-of-investors-startup-funding-stages.md): Looking for the right type of investor — angel, seed VC, CVC, growth, or PE? Match investor class to stage, check size, and governance before you chase named firms.
- [Venture Capital Funds with Seed to IPO Expertise (2026 Stage Matrix)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/venture-capital-funds-seed-to-ipo-2026.md): Which VC funds truly cover seed to IPO — and which are growth-heavy? A curated stage matrix for Thrive, Sequoia, a16z, Accel, Greylock, Insight, Tiger, and General Atlantic, plus what multi-stage capital means for pro-rata and dilution.
- [How Does the Venture Capital Method Work — and Where Do Founders and Investors Misprice the Deal?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/venture-capital-method-valuation.md): Looking for how the VC method values a startup? Work backward from exit value and target return to today’s ownership — with dilution, preferences, and common pitfalls.
- [Washington DC Startups We Cover 2026: Metro HQ vs Beltway Buyers](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/washington-dc-startups-we-cover-2026.md): DC-metro startups with real profiles — Pryzm, Cleatus, FiscalNote, Netography — plus honest labeling of California defense companies that sell into federal buyers.
- [Washington DC VC Firms for GovTech & Defense 2026: Three Metro HQ Funds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/washington-dc-vc-firms-govtech-defense-2026.md): Beltway capital map — In-Q-Tel, Revolution, and Paladin as DC-metro HQ firms, plus a16z, Lux, Founders Fund, and GC for dual-use scale.
- [What Is a Blind Pool Fund — and How Do LPs Underwrite One?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-blind-pool-fund.md): Looking for what a blind pool fund is? Most VC and PE funds are blind pools: LPs commit capital before seeing specific deals. Here is how diligence actually works.
- [What Is an Industry Vertical in Venture Capital — and How Do VCs Actually Use Them?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-an-industry-vertical-venture-capital.md): Looking for what an industry vertical means for fundraising? Here is how VCs separate industries, verticals, and emerging spaces — and how to shortlist the right funds.
- [How Does LP Co-Investment Work — and What Should LPs and Founders Watch For?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-lp-co-investment-vc-pe.md): Looking for how LP co-investment works? LPs invest deal-by-deal alongside a fund — often with fee breaks — while founders see extra capital capacity and more parties at the table.
- [What Is an LPAC in Private Equity and Venture Capital — and What Can It Actually Approve?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-lpac-limited-partner-advisory-committee.md): Looking for what an LPAC does? A Limited Partner Advisory Committee consents to conflicts, extensions, and policy changes written into the LPA — it does not pick deals or casually fire the GP.
- [What Is NTM Revenue — and When Should Investors Trust It in a Valuation?](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-ntm-revenue-startup-valuation.md): Looking for what NTM revenue means? Next-twelve-months revenue is a forward figure. Learn NTM vs LTM vs ARR — and when forward multiples become seller theater.
- [a16z Portfolio Companies on Fire in 2026: AI, American Dynamism & More](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-a16z-hot-portfolio-companies.md): A curated map of Andreessen Horowitz-backed companies that matter right now — with links to profiles, funds, and the a16z content pieces behind them.
- [Applied Intuition: Why This a16z-Backed Company Is on Fire](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-a16z-applied-intuition-why-it-matters.md): Simulation and software platform for autonomous vehicles and defense autonomy (~$15B class).
- [Chariot Defense: Why This a16z-Backed Company Is on Fire](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-a16z-chariot-defense-why-it-matters.md): American Dynamism play building electrical power infrastructure for military platforms at the edge.
- [Cursor: Why This a16z-Backed Company Is on Fire](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-a16z-cursor-why-it-matters.md): AI-native code editor (Anysphere) that forks VS Code for agentic programming workflows.
- [Databricks: Why This a16z-Backed Company Is on Fire](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-a16z-databricks-why-it-matters.md): Databricks closed $5B at $190B in August 2026 (Coatue-led) with a >$7B revenue run-rate. a16z remains a returning investor — facts, not the old $43B mark.
- [Flock Safety: Why This a16z-Backed Company Is on Fire](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-a16z-flock-safety-why-it-matters.md): Public-safety technology (ALPR / camera networks) used by thousands of agencies.
- [Harvey: Why This a16z-Backed Company Is on Fire](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-a16z-harvey-why-it-matters.md): Legal AI used by Am Law firms. Latest company print: $550M at $15.5B on September 9, 2026 (Bloomberg $15.6B; company blog omits ARR). a16z is a returning investor, not the co-lead.
- [Mirendil: Why This a16z-Backed Company Is on Fire](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-a16z-mirendil-why-it-matters.md): AI-for-science platform training models expert at AI R&D so scientists can run their own experiments.
- [Neo: Why This a16z-Backed Company Is on Fire](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-a16z-neo-agentic-security-why-it-matters.md): Agentic software control / security for endpoints where AI agents act continuously beyond human pace.
- [Safe Superintelligence: Why This a16z-Backed Company Is on Fire](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-a16z-safe-superintelligence-why-it-matters.md): AI lab focused on building safe superintelligence — a frontier-model bet in the a16z portfolio.
- [Senra Systems: Why This a16z-Backed Company Is on Fire](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-a16z-senra-systems-why-it-matters.md): Aerospace and defense systems company with July 2026 a16z investment activity.
- [Etched's $300M Series C at $10.3B: Sequoia Doubles Down on Inference Silicon](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-etched-300m-series-c-10-3b-sequoia.md): Sequoia led Etched's $300M Series C at $10.3B — valuation doubled in seven months as custom prefill/decode chips book $1B in orders and enter customer testing. Superseded: August 18, 2026 $700M at $21B.
- [Atoms' $1.7B a16z-Led Round: Travis Kalanick's Physical AI Holding Company](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-atoms-1-7b-a16z-physical-ai.md): Andreessen Horowitz led a $1.7B equity round for Atoms — CloudKitchens + Pronto under one structure targeting food, mining, and heavy transport automation.
- [Neo’s $100M Launch: Why a16z and Bessemer Co-Led Agentic Endpoint Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-bessemer-andreessen-neo-100m-agentic-security.md): Neo emerged from stealth with $100M from Andreessen Horowitz and Bessemer Venture Partners to give SecOps inventory, posture, and real-time control over AI agents on the enterprise endpoint.
- [NEA-Backed Wonder Raises $650M Series D at $9B Pre-Money for Food Tech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-nea-wonder-650m-series-d-food-tech.md): Wonder closed a $650M Series D at a $9B pre-money valuation in July 2026 with returning capital from NEA, Accel, and GV — funding robotics, AI kitchens, and a path toward a consumer food-tech IPO narrative.
- [AlleyCorp closes $335M Fund II — why it matters in July 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-07-15-alleycorp-closes-335m-fund-ii.md): Kevin Ryan’s AlleyCorp has raised a larger second institutional fund while keeping its early-stage, operator-led model centered in New York.
- [Fireworks AI’s $1.5B Series D at $17.5B: Specialized Intelligence Hits $1B ARR](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-index-ventures-fireworks-ai-1-5b-series-d.md): Index Ventures co-led Fireworks AI’s $1.505B Series D at a $17.5B valuation in July 2026 as the PyTorch-founded inference platform crossed $1B ARR — with Bessemer, Menlo, and Insight among participants.
- [Chai Discovery's $400M Series C at $3.8B: Index, Kleiner, Sequoia Bet on AI Molecules](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-chai-discovery-400m-series-c-index-sequoia.md): Index Ventures led Chai Discovery's $400M Series C at $3.8B as Eli Lilly, Novartis, and Pfizer put AI-designed molecules into real discovery pipelines.
- [New Enterprise Associates (NEA) Leads Databento $97M Series B](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-new-enterprise-associates-databento-97m-series-b.md): New Enterprise Associates led Databento’s oversubscribed $97M Series B for market data infrastructure, with $300M+ in total demand.
- [SambaNova raises $1B Series F first close — why it matters in July 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-07-08-sambanova-raises-1b-series-f.md): SambaNova reached an $11B post-money valuation as strategic investors backed a full-stack alternative to GPU-only AI infrastructure.
- [Prime Intellect’s $130M Series A: Radical Funds the Open Agent Training Stack](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-prime-intellect-130m-series-a-agent-stack.md): Radical Ventures led Prime Intellect’s $130M Series A at a $1B valuation — compute, RL, evals, and deployment so enterprises can train their own agents without renting a frontier lab.
- [Bain Capital Ventures Co-Leads Reserv $20M Series A in Claims AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-bain-capital-ventures-reserv-20m-series-a.md): Bain Capital Ventures co-led Reserv’s $20M Series A with Altai Ventures to expand generative-AI insurance claims analysis tools.
- [Venture Capital Tracking: Startup Funding News by VC Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-fund-tracker-recent-investment-news-table.md): Free venture capital tracking dashboard: every fund in our database with the latest investment articles we have covered, linked to fund profiles and related startup funding news.
- [Lightspeed Venture Partners Backs Proxima Fusion Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-lightspeed-venture-partners-proxima-fusion-series-a.md): Lightspeed Venture Partners backed Proxima Fusion’s Series A and stayed active across AI-native deals like Patronus AI and Eagle in mid-2026.
- [B Capital Group Closes Oversubscribed $500M Ascent Fund III](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-b-capital-group-500m-ascent-fund-iii.md): B Capital Group closed its Ascent Fund III at a $500M hard cap, nearly doubling its predecessor to back seed–Series B AI, healthcare, and frontier-tech startups.
- [Cantos Closes $70M Fund IV for Deep Tech and Defense](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cantos-70m-fund-iv-deep-tech.md): Cantos closed an oversubscribed $70M Fund IV to lead pre-seed and seed rounds across aerospace, defense, nuclear, biotech, and compute.
- [Quantum Systems raises $1.2B Series D — why it matters in July 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-07-02-quantum-systems-raises-1-2b-series-d.md): The Munich autonomy company raised buyout-scale capital to turn battlefield-proven drones into an interoperable air, land, and sea platform.
- [July 2026 VC News: Mega AI Funds, New Fund Closes, and Infrastructure Scale Rounds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-july-2026-global-vc-news-roundup-ai-fund-closes.md): MGX's $49B AI fund close, Together AI's $800M Series C, and fresh June fund announcements show global venture capital staying concentrated around AI and frontier infrastructure.
- [Together AI's $800M Raise: Why Neocloud Compute Is Getting Mega-Checks](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/startup-profile-together-ai.md): Together AI raised $800M at an $8.3B valuation — a clear signal that dedicated GPU cloud is becoming core AI infrastructure, not a side bet.
- [AI Mega-Rounds, May–June 2026: Separate New Money From the Headline](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ai-megarounds-may-june-2026.md): The largest AI financings of May and June span company equity, debt, infrastructure, and strategic capital; headline amounts are not directly comparable.
- [AI Security Funding, May–June 2026: From Perimeter to Control Plane](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ai-security-trust-layer-funding-may-june-2026.md): AI-security financings clustered around data, identity, agent behavior, and production controls rather than another generic perimeter product.
- [Asia VC Funding, May–June 2026: Infrastructure, Sovereignty, and Selective Growth](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-asia-vc-funding-may-june-2026-roundup.md): Asia's largest May–June financings concentrated in data centers, AI, chips, and sovereign infrastructure; the regional total hides very different country and stage dynamics.
- [Biotech and Healthtech Funding, May–June 2026: Clinical Evidence Beats Platform Labels](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-biotech-healthtech-funding-may-june-2026.md): Biotech and healthtech funding favored clinical, data, and workflow companies with identifiable milestones; the round table is not a substitute for asset-level diligence.
- [Climate and Energy Funding, May–June 2026: Capital Follows Deployment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-climate-energy-funding-may-june-2026.md): Climate and energy financings favored storage, fusion, grid software, and infrastructure with a clear path to deployment, contracts, or manufacturing.
- [Crypto and Blockchain Infrastructure Funding, May–June 2026: Rails Over Hype](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-crypto-blockchain-infrastructure-funding-may-june-2026.md): The May–June crypto funding sample favored stablecoin infrastructure, digital-asset rails, and financial products with identifiable users and regulatory constraints.
- [Cybersecurity Funding, May–June 2026: The AI Trust Layer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cybersecurity-funding-may-june-2026.md): Security funding concentrated around data governance, agent identity, and the controls required to deploy AI inside enterprise workflows.
- [Defense Tech Funding, May–June 2026: Production and Procurement Matter](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-defense-tech-funding-may-june-2026.md): Defense financings ranged from Anduril's mega-round to drones, countermeasures, and space systems; the recurring diligence questions are procurement, manufacturing, and delivery.
- [Fintech Funding, May–June 2026: AI Stories Need Operating Proof](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-fintech-funding-may-june-2026.md): Fintech returned to large-round territory in May and June, but the strongest financings paired AI positioning with distribution, revenue, or embedded workflow evidence.
- [India VC Funding, May–June 2026: Recovery With a Higher Evidence Bar](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-india-vc-funding-may-june-2026-roundup.md): India's May–June funding sample improved from a selective base, with AI, mobility, travel fintech, defense, and quick commerce showing different paths to scale.
- [June 2026 Europe VC Funding: Robotics, Space, Quantum, and the Mid-Market](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-june-2026-europe-vc-funding-roundup.md): June's largest European financings favored physical AI, sovereign space, quantum, and data platforms, while a smaller set of mid-market rounds showed the market was not only mega-deals.
- [New VC Funds, May–June 2026: Specialist Vehicles and What They Signal](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-new-vc-funds-may-june-2026-roundup.md): The new funds announced in May and June point toward specialist bets in physical economy, European AI, and AI-native founders—but a fund close is not immediate deployment.
- [Physical AI and Robotics Funding, May–June 2026: Capital Meets Manufacturing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-physical-ai-robotics-funding-may-june-2026.md): Physical-AI financings ranged from Prometheus and NEURA mega-rounds to training-data and autonomy companies; the common diligence question is deployment, not demo quality.
- [Quantum Computing Funding, May–June 2026: Hardware Moves Toward Industrialization](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-quantum-computing-funding-may-june-2026.md): Quantum financings in May and June focused on hardware, silicon, and systems companies moving from research milestones toward commercialization.
- [Space Tech Funding, May–June 2026: Contracts Before Constellations](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-space-tech-funding-may-june-2026.md): May and June space financings favored propulsion, satellites, and intelligence companies with government or commercial demand rather than pure launch speculation.
- [Bain Capital Ventures Backs Straiker’s $64M Series A for Agentic Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-bain-capital-ventures-straiker-64m-series-a.md): Straiker raised $64M Series A (total $85M) with Marathon leading and Bain Capital Ventures returning — discovery, adversarial testing, and runtime defense for enterprise AI agents.
- [Bain Capital Ventures Leads Hera $27M Series A for Senior Care AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-bain-capital-ventures-hera-27m-series-a.md): Bain Capital Ventures led Hera’s $27M Series A to expand its AI-powered senior care coordination platform, with Accel and IA Ventures participating.
- [June 2026 NYC VC Roundup: $75M+ in New Fund Closes, Hypha's $50M Seed, and Elbow Grease](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-june-nyc-vc-funding-roundup.md): June 2026 New York venture activity spans new fund closes from Gutter Capital and Animal Capital, a medtech debut from Star51, and mega-seed rounds in private markets AI.
- [NYC VC Fund News: Eckuity Capital Holds First Close of Healthcare Growth Fund II](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2026-06-26-eckuity-capital-fund-ii-first-close.md): New York-based Eckuity Capital announced the first close of Fund II on June 26, 2026, extending its commercial-stage life sciences growth strategy across North America and Europe.
- [Digital Currency Group Unit Yuma Launches Bittensor AI Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-digital-currency-group-yuma-total-market-fund.md): Digital Currency Group subsidiary Yuma launched the Yuma Total Market Fund, giving institutions exposure to the Bittensor (TAO) decentralized-AI ecosystem.
- [NYC Fund Launch: Colbeck Capital Launches $400M Strategic Income Direct Lending Vertical](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2026-06-24-colbeck-capital-400m-strategic-income.md): New York-based Colbeck Capital Management launched Colbeck Strategic Income with $400M on June 24, 2026, expanding its middle-market private credit platform.
- [AlleyCorp Leads Vanna Health Round for Serious Mental Illness Care](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-alleycorp-vanna-health-seed.md): AlleyCorp led a round for Vanna Health, which delivers evidence-based care for people living with serious mental illness, extending the firm’s healthcare vertical.
- [B Capital Group Early Bets Apptronik, Havoc AI Raise Big Follow-Ons](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-b-capital-group-apptronik-robotics-follow-on.md): B Capital Group’s early Ascent Fund III investments — Apptronik, Havoc AI, and Star Catcher — raised substantial follow-on rounds as they scale robotics and frontier tech.
- [NYC VC Fund Launch: Relentless Closes $80M+ Debut Fund From Index Ventures Alum](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2026-06-relentless-80m-debut-fund.md): New York-based Relentless closed its debut fund at over $80 million in 2026, founded by former Index Ventures partner Damir Becirovic with a concentrated seed strategy.
- [Canaan Partners Leads Vedana Therapeutics Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-canaan-partners-vedana-therapeutics-series-a.md): Canaan Partners led a Series A for Vedana Therapeutics, extending the firm’s healthcare franchise as it deploys its $850M Fund XIII.
- [Tribeca Venture Partners Backs Bland Series C and Gather AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-tribeca-venture-partners-bland-gather-ai.md): NYC-focused Tribeca Venture Partners backed Bland’s Series C and Gather AI’s Series B, continuing its Series A-led, New York tech thesis.
- [Inspired Capital Leads Sora Fuel, Backs Allen Control Systems](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-inspired-capital-sora-fuel-allen-control-systems.md): Inspired Capital led seed rounds for Sora Fuel and Windmill and joined Allen Control Systems’ $200M Series B, spanning energy, AI, and defense.
- [NYC VC Fund Launch: Gutter Capital Closes $75M Fund III, Expands Elbow Grease Accelerator](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2026-06-15-gutter-75m-fund-iii.md): New York-based Gutter Capital announced the $75M close of Fund III on June 15, 2026, alongside applications for the second cohort of its NYC Elbow Grease accelerator.
- [Bending Spoons Files for a U.S. IPO: Italy's Consumer-Software Giant Goes Public](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-bending-spoons-us-ipo-filing.md): Italy's Bending Spoons filed for a U.S. IPO in June 2026, a milestone for European consumer software and a test of public-market appetite for profitable app empires.
- [China AI Funding May–June 2026: The Race to Hong Kong's IPO Window](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-china-ai-funding-may-june-2026-roundup.md): Moonshot AI, StepFun, and Qianxun Intelligence show China's AI labs racing to scale revenue and list in Hong Kong as the country builds AI self-reliance.
- [The Crossover & Sovereign Era: Who's Really Funding 2026's Megarounds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-crossover-sovereign-investors-venture-2026.md): GIC, Temasek, ADIA, ICONIQ, and pension funds increasingly co-lead the biggest 2026 rounds — blurring the line between late-stage venture and pre-IPO crossover capital.
- [CRV Leads Theker Robotics €73M Round With LVMH, Samsung](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-crv-theker-robotics-73m-round.md): CRV led Theker Robotics’ €73M round with LVMH and Samsung participating, one of its first Spain investments, and also led Taste’s $18.5M seed.
- [June 2026 U.S. VC Funding Roundup: Physical AI, Fintech, and Infrastructure](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-june-2026-us-vc-funding-roundup.md): Prometheus, Ramp, Cyera, Supabase, and space companies show how June's largest U.S. checks combined AI narratives with deployment, revenue, or industrial proof.
- [Physical AI vs. Software AI: The 2026 Investment Shift, Explained](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-physical-ai-vs-software-ai-investment-shift.md): In mid-2026, capital began flowing from pure software models toward physical AI — robots, hardware, and real-world engineering — on the thesis that physical moats run deeper.
- [Sovereign Tech in 2026: How Governments Became Venture Co-Investors](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sovereign-tech-governments-venture-co-investors.md): From Japan's Rapidus to India's Sarvam and Europe's defense push, May–June 2026 confirmed governments are now direct venture co-investors in strategic technology.
- [The Two-Speed Venture Market: A Founder Playbook for 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-two-speed-venture-market-founder-playbook-2026.md): May 2026 saw $92B raised globally — 54% by one company. Here's how founders outside the frontier-lab tier should fundraise in a brutally concentrated market.
- [What 2026's Megarounds Actually Mean for Seed-Stage Founders](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-what-megarounds-mean-for-seed-founders.md): Anthropic's $65B doesn't change your seed raise. Here's how early founders should read 2026's concentrated, megaround-driven market — and what to do about it.
- [Digital Asset's $355M Series F: a16z Crypto Bets on Institutional Onchain Rails](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-digital-asset-355m-series-f-canton-blockchain.md): NYC's Digital Asset raised $355M Series F in June 2026, led by a16z crypto with Goldman Sachs, Citadel Securities, and BNP Paribas, to scale the Canton Network.
- [Prometheus's $12B: Jeff Bezos Bets on an 'Artificial General Engineer'](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-prometheus-12b-bezos-physical-ai.md): Prometheus, co-founded by Jeff Bezos, raised $12B at a $41B valuation in June 2026 — one of the largest single bets ever on physical AI for the real world.
- [Star51 Capital's Medtech Fund: Abbott and Mayo Clinic Anchor a New Model](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-star51-capital-medtech-fund-first-close.md): Star51 Capital announced the first close of its medtech fund in June 2026, led by Abbott and Mayo Clinic — a strategic-anchored vehicle bridging innovation and acquisition.
- [NYC VC Fund Launch: Animal Capital Closes $33M Fund III for Consumer Tech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2026-06-11-animal-capital-33m-fund-iii.md): New York-based Animal Capital announced the $33M close of Fund III on June 11, 2026, continuing its early-stage consumer technology investment strategy.
- [NYC VC Fund Launch: Star51 Capital First Close of Medtech Venture Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2026-06-11-star51-medtech-first-close.md): New York-based Star51 Capital announced the first close of its inaugural medtech venture fund on June 11, 2026, anchored by Abbott and Mayo Clinic.
- [Creator Fund's $56M: Backing Europe's Scientific Founders Early](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-creator-fund-56m-european-science-founders.md): Creator Fund closed $56M in June 2026 to back Europe's scientific and technical founders at the earliest stages — capital aimed at deeptech at the source.
- [Cyera's $600M at $12B: Building the 'Trust Layer' for Enterprise AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cyera-600m-12b-data-security.md): Cyera raised $600M at a $12B valuation in June 2026, quadrupling its worth in 18 months as the data-security platform governing what enterprise AI can access.
- [NEURA Robotics's $1.4B Series C: Europe's Physical-AI Champion Scales](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-neura-robotics-1-4b-series-c-physical-ai.md): Germany's NEURA Robotics raised up to $1.4B in June 2026 — the largest full-stack robotics round ever — led by Tether with Amazon, NVIDIA, Qualcomm, and the EIB.
- [Pitchdrive's €60M: Early Capital for Europe's AI-Native Founders](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-pitchdrive-60m-ai-native-founders.md): Pitchdrive raised €60M in June 2026 to back Europe's AI-native founders at the earliest stages, joining a wave of new European deeptech funds.
- [Southeast Asia VC May–June 2026: Singapore's Gravity and the AI Hub Bet](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-southeast-asia-vc-funding-may-june-2026.md): Singapore captured the lion's share of Southeast Asian capital in mid-2026, anchored by DayOne's $4.5B data-center round, Aippy's AI gaming raise, and OpenAI's new lab.
- [Anara Impact Capital's $48M First Close: Purpose-Built Capital for MENA](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-anara-impact-capital-48m-mena-fund.md): Anara Impact Capital announced a $48M first close in June 2026, anchored by KfW and the European Commission, to back seed and Series A startups across MENA.
- [ICEYE's €450M at €10B+: Sovereign Space Intelligence Goes Big](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-iceye-450m-series-f-space-intelligence.md): Finland's ICEYE raised €450M (€1B+ with secondary) at a €10B+ valuation in June 2026 as governments race to buy sovereign space intelligence.
- [Manus AI's $1B Gambit: Buying Itself Back After Beijing Blocked Meta](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-manus-ai-1b-singapore-agentic-ai.md): Singapore-headquartered Manus AI is weighing a $1B raise to unwind Meta's $2B acquisition after Beijing intervened — a vivid case of geopolitics meeting venture.
- [Ribbit Capital Leads Mach Industries and Morpho Rounds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ribbit-capital-mach-industries-morpho.md): Fintech specialist Ribbit Capital led rounds for Morpho and Mach Industries in 2026, while portfolio company Brex was acquired by Capital One for $5.15B.
- [Theker's $85M: Barcelona Joins the AI-Robotics Race](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-theker-85m-barcelona-ai-robotics.md): Barcelona-based AI robotics startup Theker raised $85M in June 2026, extending Spain's growing footprint in physical AI and applied robotics.
- [IPO & Exit Watch May–June 2026: The Liquidity Window Reopens](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ipo-exit-watch-may-june-2026.md): Anthropic's confidential IPO filing, SpaceX's $80B prospectus, Cerebras' listing, and StepFun's Hong Kong filing signal the largest liquidity event in venture history may be near.
- [Isar Aerospace's €270M: Building Europe's Sovereign Launch Capacity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-isar-aerospace-270m-european-launch.md): Germany's Isar Aerospace raised €270M in June 2026 to scale orbital launch — Europe conducted fewer than 10 orbital launches in 2025, and Isar wants to fix that.
- [Moonshot AI's Sprint to $30B: China's Kimi Maker Raises Again](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-moonshot-ai-2b-30b-valuation-china.md): China's Moonshot AI, behind the Kimi chatbot, closed $2B at $20B in May 2026 and is reportedly seeking $2B more at $30B — a 7x valuation leap in 18 months. September 2, 2026: The Information said it filed confidentially for a Hong Kong IPO and is in talks for a pre-IPO round at $50B — reported.
- [StepFun's Hong Kong IPO: China's AI Infrastructure Play Goes Public](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-stepfun-hong-kong-ipo-china-ai.md): China's StepFun filed for a Hong Kong IPO at ~$12B in June 2026 after a $2.5B May raise, embedding its models in 40M+ phones and a Geely vehicle deal.
- [NYC VC Fund News: Dimension Capital Files for $750M Fund III at ML × Life Sciences Intersection](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2026-06-dimension-capital-750m-fund-iii.md): New York-based Dimension Capital filed SEC Form D in June 2026 seeking up to $750M for its third fund, following $350M Fund I and $500M Fund II.
- [3IF Ventures's $12M First Close: Funding Africa's Inclusive Insurance](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-3if-ventures-12m-africa-insurance-fund.md): 3IF Ventures reached a $12M first close in June 2026, co-anchored by FSD Africa and ZEP-RE, to scale technology-enabled insurance across Africa.
- [AlphaSense's $350M at $7.5B: AI Market Intelligence Doubles Down](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-alphasense-350m-market-intelligence-ai.md): AlphaSense raised $350M at a $7.5B valuation in June 2026, nearly doubling its mark as enterprises pay for AI-enabled market intelligence and workflow orchestration.
- [DayOne's $4.5B Series C: Asia's Data-Center Buildout Hits Mega-Scale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-dayone-4-5b-series-c-data-centers.md): Singapore's DayOne closed a $4.5B Series C in June 2026, led by Coatue and Hillhouse, to expand AI data centers across Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia.
- [Helion Energy's $465M at $15.5B: Fusion Power Gets Funded for Scale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-helion-energy-465m-fusion.md): Helion Energy raised $465M at a $15.5B valuation in June 2026, pushing total funding near $1.5B as fusion moves from physics to power-plant construction.
- [Impulse Space's $500M Series D: Funding the Plumbing of Orbit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-impulse-space-500m-series-d-propulsion.md): Impulse Space raised $500M Series D in June 2026, pushing total funding past $1B for in-space propulsion, transport, and orbital repositioning.
- [Japan's Chip Bet May–June 2026: Rapidus and the State-Capital Model](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-japan-semiconductor-funding-rapidus-may-june-2026.md): Japan's ¥150B Rapidus injection shows a new model — direct government equity and golden shares — to secure 2nm semiconductor sovereignty by 2027.
- [Kpler's $1B+ from Sixth Street: Commodity Intelligence at Scale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-kpler-1b-sixth-street-trade-intelligence.md): Belgium-based Kpler received a $1B+ investment from Sixth Street in June 2026, scaling its commodity and trade-intelligence data platform.
- [Perk's €258M Credit Line: Debt Fuels an AI-Native Platform's Global Push](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-perk-258m-credit-line-ai-platform.md): Spain's Perk secured a €258M credit line in June 2026 to accelerate the global growth of its AI-native platform — a sign debt financing is back for scaling startups.
- [Qianxun Intelligence's 1.5B Yuan Round: China's Embodied-AI Funding Sprint](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-qianxun-intelligence-china-embodied-ai.md): China's Qianxun Intelligence closed a 1.5B yuan Series A+ in June 2026 — its fourth raise in three months — as embodied-AI capital concentrates in fast movers.
- [Supabase's $500M at $10.5B: The AI App-Builder Backend Scales Up](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-supabase-500m-developer-infrastructure.md): Supabase raised $500M at a $10.5B valuation in June 2026, led by GIC, as demand from AI app builders pushes the open-source backend platform to new heights.
- [Factorial's $150M Series D at $2.5B: AI-Native Workforce Operations](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-factorial-150m-series-d-workforce-ai.md): Barcelona's Factorial raised $150M Series D at a $2.5B valuation in June 2026, expanding from HR software into AI-powered workforce operations across Europe.
- [Innefu Labs's $30M Series B: India's Sovereign-AI Defense Bet Goes Institutional](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-innefu-labs-30m-series-b-defense-ai-india.md): India's Innefu Labs raised a $30M Series B in June 2026, led by Singapore's Panthera Growth — a sign global capital is tracking India's national-security AI.
- [Merantix Capital's €103M AI Fund: Backing Europe's AI-Native Builders](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-merantix-capital-103m-ai-fund.md): Merantix Capital closed a €103M fund in June 2026 to back early-stage European AI startups across logistics, manufacturing, energy, healthcare, robotics, and physical AI.
- [Oxford Quantum Circuits's £260M: Europe's Largest Quantum Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-oxford-quantum-circuits-260m-series-c.md): OQC closed an oversubscribed £260M Series C in June 2026 — Europe's biggest private quantum funding round — to scale superconducting quantum computing.
- [Quobly's €115M Series A: France Bets on Silicon-Based Quantum](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-quobly-115m-series-a-silicon-quantum.md): French quantum startup Quobly raised €115M Series A in June 2026 to industrialize silicon-based quantum processors compatible with existing semiconductor fabs.
- [Ramp's $750M at $44B: The Fintech AI Premium, Quantified](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ramp-750m-44b-valuation-fintech.md): Ramp raised $750M at a $44B valuation in June 2026, nearly tripling its worth in a year as investors pay up for fintechs with a credible AI story.
- [TrueFan AI's $10M Series A: Enterprise AI Video Gets India's Vote](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-truefan-ai-10m-series-a-enterprise-video-india.md): India's TrueFan AI raised a $10M Series A in June 2026, backed by Baring PE India and Z3Partners — a confidence vote in enterprise AI video generation.
- [Alpha Edison Backs Oxford Quantum Circuits Series C](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-alpha-edison-oqc-series-c-quantum.md): Alpha Edison participated in the Series C for Oxford Quantum Circuits in June 2026, as the LA firm is reported to be raising a new $340M fund.
- [Endra's $50M Series A: Automating Building Design for MEP Engineers](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-endra-50m-series-a-mep-design-ai.md): Stockholm AI startup Endra raised $50M Series A in June 2026 to automate design work for mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) consultants.
- [FirstClub's $55M Series B: India's 'Quality-First' Quick Commerce Bet](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-firstclub-55m-series-b-quick-commerce-india.md): Bengaluru's FirstClub raised $55M Series B in June 2026, doubling its valuation to $255M by betting that quality — not just speed — wins quick commerce.
- [IMU Biosciences's $53M+: Decoding the Immune System at Scale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-imu-biosciences-53m-immune-mapping.md): UK biotech IMU Biosciences extended its oversubscribed Series A past $53M in June 2026 to map and decode the human immune system for drug discovery.
- [Ona Therapeutics's $86.6M Series B: Barcelona's ADC Cancer Bet](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ona-therapeutics-86m-series-b-adc.md): Barcelona biopharma Ona Therapeutics closed an oversubscribed $86.6M Series B in June 2026 to advance first-in-class antibody-drug conjugates for resistant cancers.
- [Semble's £30M Series C: Modern Software for Healthcare Providers](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-semble-30m-series-c-health-tech.md): UK healthcare-tech company Semble raised a £30M Series C led by Revaia in June 2026, scaling its practice-management platform for clinicians.
- [Wordsmith's $70M Series B: Edinburgh's Legal AI Hits $100M Total](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-wordsmith-70m-series-b-legal-ai.md): Edinburgh legal-AI startup Wordsmith raised a $70M Series B in June 2026, backed by Highland Europe and Index Ventures, reaching $100M in total funding.
- [NYC VC Fund Launch: Blue Cloud Ventures Closes Fund V, Crosses $1B AUM](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2026-06-03-blue-cloud-ventures-fund-v.md): New York-based Blue Cloud Ventures announced the final close of Fund V on June 2, 2026, bringing total AUM above $1 billion for enterprise SaaS and AI growth investing.
- [Aippy's $250M Valuation: Singapore's Bet on AI-Native Gaming](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-aippy-250m-singapore-ai-gaming.md): Aippy, built by NADA AI, raised tens of millions at a $250M valuation in June 2026 to build the first AI-native game community — Asia's answer to AI entertainment.
- [Gigascale Capital's $250M Fund: Schroepfer Bets on the Physical Economy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-gigascale-capital-250m-climate-fund.md): Ex-Meta CTO Mike Schroepfer's Gigascale Capital closed its first institutional fund at $250M in June 2026 to back energy, materials, and grid infrastructure.
- [May 2026 Europe VC Funding: Bigger Bets in Strategic Technology](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-may-2026-europe-vc-funding-roundup.md): May's European funding headline was driven by a small set of mega-rounds in defense, space, quantum, and physical AI—not a broad-based recovery.
- [India's Mid-Market May 2026: Fintech, Synbio, and Deeptech Series A/B Deals](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-india-mid-market-vc-funding-may-2026.md): Beyond the headline rounds, India's May 2026 mid-market spanned fintech (Sahi $33M), synthetic biology (StrainX $13M), B2B commerce, edtech, and precision manufacturing.
- [May 2026 U.S. VC Funding Roundup: Concentration, Defense, and Production Proof](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-may-2026-us-vc-funding-roundup.md): Anthropic's mega-round dominated May, while defense, enterprise AI, space, and infrastructure financings show where large U.S. checks still cleared.
- [May 2026 NYC Startup Funding: Six Rounds and What They Reveal](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-may-nyc-vc-funding-roundup.md): May's New York funding sample spans AI infrastructure, retail, wealth management, health, and SMB banking; the useful pattern is measurable workflow adoption.
- [Anveshan's ₹121 Cr Series B: India's D2C Food Brand Doubles Down on Rural Sourcing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-anveshan-12m-series-b-d2c-food-india.md): D2C food brand Anveshan raised ₹121 crore (~$12.7M) Series B led by Vertex Ventures and IFC in May 2026, roughly doubling its valuation on a rural-sourcing model.
- [C2i Semiconductors's $16.7M: TDK and Peak XV Back India's Chip Ambitions](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-c2i-semiconductors-16m-series-a-india.md): C2i Semiconductors raised a $16.7M Series A extension led by TDK Ventures and Peak XV in May 2026, advancing India's push into semiconductor design.
- [Corgi Insurance's Double Raise: $160M + $106M and a $2.6B Valuation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-corgi-insurance-160m-106m-insurtech.md): Corgi Insurance stacked a $160M Series B and a $106M Series B1 within weeks in May 2026, reaching a $2.6B valuation for its AI-native insurance platform.
- [Garner Health's $100M Series E at $2.74B: Data-Driven Provider Selection](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-garner-health-100m-series-e-healthcare-data.md): Garner Health raised $100M Series E led by Index Ventures in May 2026 at a $2.74B valuation, scaling its data platform for finding high-quality healthcare providers.
- [Human Archive's $8.2M Seed: India's Gig Economy Trains the Robots](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-human-archive-8m-physical-ai-data-india.md): Human Archive raised $8.2M seed in May 2026 — backed by Y Combinator and angels from OpenAI and Nvidia — using India's gig economy to collect physical-AI training data.
- [Observable Space's $90M: Optics, a Space Force Contract, and Lux's Bet](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-observable-space-90m-series-a-optics.md): Observable Space raised $90M Series A led by Lux Capital in May 2026, alongside a $94M Space Force contract — a textbook demand-backed space round.
- [Stord's $250M Series F at $3B: Fulfillment Infrastructure for Independent Brands](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-stord-250m-series-f-logistics.md): Stord raised $250M Series F at a $3B valuation in May 2026, scaling its fulfillment network, software, and AI tools for independent brands.
- [What Is Anthropic’s Valuation in 2026? $965B Company vs $1.5T Secondary Talk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-anthropic-65b-series-h-965b-valuation.md): Anthropic’s last company valuation is $965B from the May 28, 2026 $65B Series H. August secondary talk (Business Insider: traders as high as $1.5T) is not a company round. Keep Q2 revenue and the $65B July run-rate separate from that mark.
- [Compound Backs Orbital Materials $50M Series B for Industrial AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-compound-orbital-materials-50m-series-b.md): Deep-tech firm Compound backed Orbital Materials’ $50M Series B, an AI engine for the physical economy and data-center hardware.
- [Gray Swan's $40M Series A: The AI Security Firm Trusted by Every Frontier Lab](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-gray-swan-40m-series-a-ai-security.md): Pittsburgh's Gray Swan raised a $40M Series A in May 2026, co-led by Wing and Madrona, to secure AI models and agents for OpenAI, Anthropic, Meta, and enterprises.
- [NYC VC Fund Launch: Opto Investments Closes AI-Focused Venture Fund for RIAs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2026-05-28-opto-investments-ai-fund.md): New York-based Opto Investments announced the close of its AI-focused venture fund on May 28, 2026, providing RIA and family office clients exposure to foundational AI infrastructure.
- [Cognition's $1B at $26B: Devin and the 13x Revenue Sprint](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cognition-1b-devin-ai-coding.md): Cognition’s May 2026 Series D: over $1B at $26B after 13x run-rate growth to $492M. Superseded for latest print: September 8 Series E closed at more than $2B / $48B — see the Series E memo.
- [Newark Venture Partners Co-Leads Human Archive $8.2M Seed](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-newark-venture-partners-human-archive-vulcan-elements.md): Newark Venture Partners co-led Human Archive’s $8.2M seed for physical-AI training data and backed Vulcan Elements’ rare-earth magnet Series A.
- [OpenRouter's $113M Series B: A Marketplace for Enterprise AI Inference](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-openrouter-113m-series-b-inference-routing.md): OpenRouter raised $113M Series B in May 2026, led by CapitalG. Stripe announced an acquisition on August 19, 2026 (not closed; $7.5B is press).
- [May 2026's AI Second Layer: Modal, Exa, Decart, and Why the Smart Money Left Chatbots](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-may-ai-infrastructure-second-layer-bets.md): May funding shows capital stacking on AI infra — serverless GPU, retrieval search, world models, and enterprise delivery — not another wrapper.
- [May 2026 Stablecoin VC Surge: Checker, Fasset, Catena — Banks Finally Buy the Rails](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-may-stablecoin-rails-vc-surge.md): Three May deals show stablecoin capital splitting between EM neobanks, FI orchestration APIs, and AI-native banks — infrastructure, not speculation.
- [May 2026 Fintech Infrastructure Wave: Mercury, Primer, Sardine, and the End of 'Neobank Only'](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-may-fintech-infrastructure-vc-wave.md): One week in May 2026 saw $400M+ in fintech infra deals — banking, payments AI, fraud, stablecoins, and compliance ops, not consumer apps.
- [Week of May 18–23, 2026: $2.5B+ in Startup Funding — Modal, Decart, Hark Lead](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-may-week-18-23-biggest-vc-deals-roundup.md): AlleyWatch tracked 34 deals and $2.53B for the week ending May 23 — from Modal's $355M to Hark's $700M Series A, here's what mattered.
- [Benji's $6.25M Seed: The 'Plaid of Loyalty' Wants to Kill 6-Month Partnership Integrations](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-benji-6-25m-seed-loyalty-api-nyc.md): NYC-linked Benji raised $6.25M seed from Preface Ventures to standardize loyalty partnership APIs — JetBlue TrueBlue already on the network.
- [Farther's $150M Series D: NYC Wealth Tech Bets on AI-Native Advisory at Scale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-farther-150m-series-d-wealth-management-nyc.md): Farther raised $150M Series D as intelligent wealth management platforms attract growth capital — what operators and RIAs should watch.
- [Fasset's $51M Series B: Stablecoin Banking for Emerging Markets Hits Growth Stage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-fasset-51m-series-b-stablecoin-neobank-em.md): May 2026: Fasset raised $51M Series B. Live mark as of August 24 is $68M Series C at $1B, SBI Group lead. Company: >$40B annualized volume.
- [MiRus's $1.5B: A Medtech Megaround in an AI-Dominated Market](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-mirus-1-5b-medical-devices.md): MiRus raised $1.5B in May 2026, one of the month's largest non-AI rounds, underscoring that medical devices can still command megaround capital.
- [Modal Labs' $355M Series C: NYC AI Infrastructure Just Became a $4.65B Category](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-modal-labs-355m-series-c-ai-infrastructure-nyc.md): Modal Labs raised $355M at a reported $4.65B valuation as enterprise AI coding drove ARR from ~$60M to $300M in months — here's what that means for builders.
- [Unframe's $50M: Enterprise AI Delivery Is the Boring Business That Prints](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-unframe-50m-enterprise-ai-delivery.md): Cupertino-based Unframe raised $50M led by Highland Europe for managed AI delivery to global enterprises — implementation beats demos.
- [benefitbay's $18M Series A: ICHRA Is the Employer Benefits Hack VCs Finally Fund at Scale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-benefitbay-18m-series-a-ichra-benefits-platform.md): benefitbay raised $18M led by Ten Coves Capital to scale broker-first ICHRA administration — payments, carriers, and payroll integrations in focus.
- [Hark's $700M Series A: A $6B Bet on the First Must-Have Consumer AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-hark-700m-series-a-consumer-ai.md): Brett Adcock's Hark raised a $700M Series A at a $6B valuation in May 2026 to build a universal AI personal assistant — models plus purpose-built hardware.
- [Hark's $700M Series A at $6B: The Wildest AI Lab Check of May 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-hark-700m-series-a-personalized-ai-lab.md): San Jose-based Hark raised $700M+ Series A at $6B post-money for personalized intelligence — a reminder that frontier AI capital has no ceiling.
- [Nourish's $100M Series C: Dietitian-Led Metabolic Health Hits $215M Total Funding](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-nourish-100m-series-c-metabolic-health-nyc.md): Nourish closed $100M Series C in NYC — the country's largest dietitian-led metabolic health clinic scales virtual care with real clinical outcomes.
- [Primer's $100M Series C: London Payments Infra Bets the US Wants Autonomous AI Checkout](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-primer-100m-series-c-autonomous-ai-payments.md): Primer raised $100M Series C from Sofina and Peak XV to scale AI-native payments — US ARR doubling YoY as autonomous finance ops go mainstream.
- [Redpoint Ventures Leads Modal and Collate, Backs Anthropic](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-redpoint-ventures-modal-collate-anthropic.md): Redpoint Ventures led Modal’s Series C and Collate’s Series C and backed Anthropic, concentrating its new funds behind AI infrastructure.
- [Sardine's $25M Extension: When Your Customer Becomes Your Lead Investor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sardine-25m-series-c-extension-fraud-ai.md): National Bank of Canada led Sardine's $25M Series C extension after live deployment — total funding hits $170M as agentic fraud AI scales.
- [Vêtir's $5.5M Series A at $150M Val: Luxury Fashion AI Doesn't Need a Huge Check to Matter](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-vetir-5-5m-series-a-luxury-fashion-ai-nyc.md): NYC's Vêtir closed $5.5M Series A at a $150M valuation — AI wardrobe OS for high-value consumers with luxury-adjacent strategic investors.
- [645 Ventures Closes $347M Across Fund IV and Select Fund I](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-645-ventures-347m-fund-iv-select-fund-i.md): 645 Ventures announced $347M in new capital — a $194M Fund IV and a $153M Select Fund I — pushing the seed and Series A firm past $550M in AUM.
- [Asymmetric Capital Partners Leads Voomi Supply $10M Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-asymmetric-capital-partners-voomi-supply-10m.md): Asymmetric Capital Partners led a $10M Series A in Voomi Supply, an AI-native HVAC and industrial parts marketplace, from its new Fund II.
- [Boston Metal's $75M: Climate Tech VC Bets on Molten Oxide Electrolysis at Scale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-boston-metal-75m-industrial-climate-tech.md): Boston Metal raised $75M to deploy its MOE platform for critical metals production — industrial climate deals still close in May 2026.
- [Catena Labs' $30M: Circle Co-Founder Bets on an AI-Native Bank From Day One](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-catena-labs-30m-series-a-ai-native-bank.md): Catena Labs raised $30M Series A led by Acrew and a16z crypto — Sean Neville's play to build financial infrastructure for AI agents.
- [Eisen's $18.5M: NYC Regtech Bets That Compliance Ops Should Run Like Software](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-eisen-18-5m-compliance-ops-fintech-nyc.md): Eisen raised $18.5M including a $10M Series A for AI-enabled compliance operations — escheatment, disbursements, and 1099 workflows automated.
- [Equal Ventures Co-Leads Texture $12.5M, Leads Chord $7M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-equal-ventures-texture-chord-commerce.md): Equal Ventures co-led Texture’s $12.5M Series A operating system for energy companies and led Chord Commerce’s $7M AI commerce financing.
- [Exa Labs $250M Series C at $2.2B — a16z-Led AI Search Infrastructure](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-exa-labs-250m-series-c-ai-search-2-2b.md): Exa Labs raised $250M led by a16z at $2.2B valuation to scale AI-native web search — hiring Meta and Yandex search veterans.
- [GGV Capital Successor Granite Asia Raises $350M Credit Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ggv-capital-granite-asia-libra-hybrid-fund.md): Granite Asia, the Asia spin-out of GGV Capital, secured $350M+ in the first close of its $500M Libra Hybrid private credit fund and led Kuku’s $85M Series C.
- [Mercury's $200M Series D at $5.2B: Startup Banking Meets the AI Founder Tsunami](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-mercury-200m-series-d-startup-banking-5-2b.md): Mercury raised $200M at $5.2B valuation — $650M ARR, 300K+ customers, and a bet that one in three U.S. startups needs AI-era banking.
- [Moment's $78M Series C: NYC AI OS for Advisors Managing $10T+ in Client Assets](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-moment-78m-series-c-investment-management-ai-nyc.md): Moment raised $78M led by Index Ventures — AI operating system deployed at Edward Jones, LPL, and Hightower collectively overseeing $10T+.
- [RADAR's $170M Series B: Brick-and-Mortar Retail Finally Gets Real-Time Inventory AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-radar-170m-series-b-retail-ai-nyc.md): New York-based RADAR hit unicorn status with $170M Series B funding — AI + RFID giving stores item-level inventory visibility at scale.
- [Scapia's $63M: General Catalyst Doubles Down on India Travel Payments](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-scapia-63m-travel-fintech-india.md): Bengaluru's Scapia raised $63M led by General Catalyst in May 2026, more than doubling its valuation to $500M+ in a flat Indian fintech market.
- [Armada's $230M Series B at $2B: Edge AI Infrastructure Gets a Mega Growth Check](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-armada-230m-series-b-edge-ai-infrastructure.md): Armada closed an oversubscribed $230M Series B at $2B pre-money — edge computing for AI workloads as enterprise deployment scales.
- [BRAMI's $33M Series B: NYC Consumer Brand Proves Protein Pasta Isn't a Fad](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-brami-33m-series-b-protein-pasta-nyc.md): BRAMI raised $33M Series B led by VMG Partners to scale Italian protein pasta — supply chain and national retail expansion in focus.
- [Century Health's $5M Seed: 97% Clinical Abstraction Accuracy Is the Headline That Matters](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-century-health-5m-seed-clinical-ai-nyc.md): Century Health raised $5M seed in NYC — CHARM model hits 97% accuracy on clinical data abstraction for life sciences R&D.
- [Checker's $8M: NYC Stablecoin Orchestration for Banks That Can't Wait on Fragmented Rails](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-checker-8m-stablecoin-infrastructure-nyc.md): Checker raised $8M led by Galaxy Ventures — a single API for FIs to plug into stablecoin liquidity, cross-border payments, and compliance.
- [Collaborative Fund Launches $200M Collab SOS Sustainability Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-collaborative-fund-collab-sos-200m-fund.md): Collaborative Fund announced Collab SOS, a $200M fund for Series A/B sustainable companies in materials, energy, and supply chains, after leading Cambiotics’ seed.
- [Cowboy Ventures Joins Eisen $18.5M Raise for Compliance AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cowboy-ventures-eisen-18-5m.md): Cowboy Ventures participated in Eisen’s combined $18.5M financing — a $10M Series A and $8.5M seed — for AI-enabled compliance operations in financial services.
- [Relay's $50M From General Catalyst: NYC SMB Banking Still Has Room to Win](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-relay-50m-smb-banking-nyc.md): Relay secured $50M growth investment for small business banking and money management — a signal that SMB fintech isn't a solved category.
- [Status AI's $17M: NYC-Backed Bet That Social's Next Chapter Isn't Another Feed](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-status-ai-17m-gamified-social-nyc.md): Status AI raised $17M seed + Series A from USV, GC, and YC — 13M worlds created as gamified social entertainment replaces passive scrolling.
- [Decart's $300M: World Models Get NVIDIA, Sequoia, and a $3.1B Valuation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-decart-300m-series-c-world-models-ai.md): Decart raised $300M Series C led by Radical Ventures — real-time generative worlds for gaming, robotics, and physical AI with NYC + Tel Aviv ops.
- [Eniac Ventures Backs Kin Health Seed in Applied-AI Push](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-eniac-ventures-kin-health-seed.md): Eniac Ventures backed Kin Health’s seed round, its latest 2026 deal as the seed firm concentrates on applied AI, healthcare, and infrastructure.
- [Gaingels Crosses $1B Deployed, Wins NVCA Inclusion Award](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-gaingels-1b-deployed-inclusion-award.md): Gaingels, the LGBTQ+/allies venture syndicate, crossed $1B deployed across 2,600+ rounds and won the NVCA 2026 Inclusion Impact Award.
- [NinjaOne's $400M: Unified IT Management Scales in the AI Era](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ninjaone-400m-it-management.md): NinjaOne raised $400M in May 2026, leading a week of large deals as enterprises invest in unified, automated IT endpoint management.
- [Rapido's $240M at $3B: Prosus Doubles Down on India's Mobility Leader](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-rapido-240m-3b-mobility-india.md): India's Rapido raised $240M at a $3B valuation in May 2026, led by Prosus, as part of a $730M financing to defend its lead in two-wheeler mobility against Uber.
- [Sarvam AI's $350M at $1.5B: India's Sovereign Foundation-Model Unicorn](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sarvam-ai-350m-1-5b-sovereign-ai-india.md): Bengaluru's Sarvam AI reached a $1.5B valuation in 2026 with a ~$350M round backed by HCLTech, Nvidia, and Amazon — India's flagship sovereign-AI bet.
- [Anduril's $5B Series H: Defense Tech's Valuation Doubles to $61B](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-anduril-5b-series-h-61b-valuation.md): Anduril raised $5B at a $61B valuation in May 2026, led by Thrive Capital and a16z — more than doubling its mark in a year and cementing defense tech as a core venture category.
- [Cantos Backs Heaviside Industries $28M Series A in Defense Tech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cantos-heaviside-industries-28m-series-a.md): Cantos backed Heaviside Industries’ $28M Series A (May 2026). That round is historical: the live mark is $600M after a $60M Series B on August 12, 2026.
- [Cowboy Ventures Backs Basata $21M Series A for Healthcare Ops](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cowboy-ventures-basata-21m-series-a.md): Cowboy Ventures joined Basata’s $21M Series A to automate healthcare operations, part of a busy 2026 that also included leading Petual’s seed round.
- [Harlem Capital Backs Espa and AccessGrid; Malomo Exits](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-harlem-capital-espa-accessgrid-malomo.md): Harlem Capital backed repeat founders at Espa (AI) and AccessGrid (mobile wallet keys), while portfolio company Malomo was acquired by Redo.
- [Anagram Therapeutics's $250M: A Big Biotech Bet Amid AI's Spotlight](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-anagram-therapeutics-250m-biotech.md): Anagram Therapeutics raised $250M in May 2026, one of the largest biotech rounds of the period, proving life-sciences capital is alive alongside AI.
- [Astranis's $455M: Small GEO Satellites for Affordable Connectivity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-astranis-455m-geo-satellites.md): Astranis raised $455M in May 2026 to scale its small geostationary satellites, bringing dedicated connectivity to underserved regions and customers.
- [Astrocade's $56M: Sequoia and Sea Bet on AI-Generated Games](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-astrocade-56m-ai-games.md): Astrocade raised $56M across a Sequoia-led Series B and a Sea-led Series A in May 2026, building an AI platform for creating games.
- [Blitzy's $200M at $1.4B: Autonomous Software Development Scales](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-blitzy-200m-autonomous-software-development.md): Blitzy raised $200M at a $1.4B valuation in May 2026, led by Northzone, as autonomous software-development platforms attract serious capital.
- [Blockchange Ventures Backs Balcony $14M for Onchain Property Records](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-blockchange-ventures-balcony-14m-property-records.md): Blockchange Ventures backed Balcony’s $14M round to build blockchain infrastructure for the U.S. property records market.
- [DeepInfra's $107M Series B: Cheaper, Faster Model Inference at Scale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-deepinfra-107m-series-b-inference.md): DeepInfra raised $107M Series B in May 2026 to scale low-cost, high-throughput AI inference infrastructure for developers and enterprises.
- [Panthalassa's $140M: Peter Thiel Bets on Ocean-Powered AI Compute](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-panthalassa-140m-wave-powered-ai-compute.md): Panthalassa raised $140M Series B in May 2026, led by Peter Thiel, to power AI inference with ocean waves — a novel answer to AI's energy crunch.
- [Reserv's $125M: AI-Native Claims Handling Attracts Big Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-reserv-125m-ai-claims.md): Reserv raised $125M in May 2026 to scale its AI-driven claims-handling platform, part of the broader insurtech-meets-AI funding wave.
- [Sierra's $950M at $15B: Agentic Customer Experience Goes Mainstream](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sierra-950m-customer-experience-ai.md): Sierra raised $950M at a $15B valuation in May 2026, led by Google Ventures and Tiger Global, as enterprises adopt AI agents for customer experience at scale.
- [Tessera Labs's $60M: a16z Backs an AI-Native Enterprise ERP](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-tessera-labs-60m-vertical-ai-erp.md): Tessera Labs raised $60M in May 2026, led by Andreessen Horowitz, to build a vertical AI-native ERP platform for enterprises.
- [Greycroft Leads Jesse & Ben’s $10M and Recursive Series A Rounds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-greycroft-jesse-bens-recursive-series-a.md): Greycroft led Jesse & Ben’s $10M Series A clean-label food round and Recursive Superintelligence’s Series A, spanning consumer brands and AI.
- [Two Sigma Ventures Spins Out as Deviation Capital With $2B AUM](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-two-sigma-ventures-deviation-capital-spinout.md): Two Sigma Ventures completed its spinout from quant firm Two Sigma to become independent Deviation Capital, carrying ~$2B in AUM and 79 portfolio companies.
- [AlleyCorp Leads Clarasight $11.5M Series A for Enterprise T&E AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-alleycorp-clarasight-11-5m-series-a.md): AlleyCorp led Clarasight’s $11.5M Series A to modernize enterprise travel and expense management with AI, part of a fast start to 2026 for the NYC firm.
- [Forerunner Ventures Leads Casa Series A for Homeownership OS](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-forerunner-ventures-casa-series-a.md): Forerunner Ventures led the Series A for Casa, a homeownership operating system, continuing to deploy its $500M Fund VII into consumer-facing software.
- [Notation Capital Backs Photon Health $16M Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-notation-capital-photon-health-series-a.md): Notation Capital backed Photon Health’s $16M Series A, a follow-on to its earlier lead, staying true to its NYC pre-seed roots.
- [409A Valuation: The Tax Number Behind Every Startup Stock Option](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/409a-valuation-explained-startup-stock-options.md): A 409A valuation is the IRS-required fair market value of your startup's common stock. Here's how it's computed, when to refresh, and why it matters for every option grant.
- [Accelerator vs Incubator vs Venture Studio: Clear Differences and 2026 Top Programs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/accelerator-vs-incubator-yc-techstars.md): Accelerators, incubators, and venture studios each offer different capital, mentorship, and equity trade-offs. Here's how to choose among YC, Techstars, 500 Global, and the alternatives.
- [Anti-Dilution Protection: Weighted Average vs Full Ratchet, Explained](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/anti-dilution-protection-weighted-average-full-ratchet.md): Anti-dilution protection adjusts an investor's conversion price if the company raises at a lower valuation. Here's the math behind broad-based, narrow-based, and full ratchet.
- [The Top-Tier VC Firms of 2026: Who They Are, What They Back](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/blue-chip-vc-firms-top-tier-sequoia-benchmark.md): Sequoia, Benchmark, Andreessen Horowitz, Accel, Greylock, Founders Fund, Kleiner Perkins, and Index — the 2026 top-tier VC landscape and what each firm owns.
- [Burn Rate, Runway, Default Alive: How Startups Should Track Cash](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/burn-rate-runway-default-alive-dead.md): Burn rate and runway are the two most important numbers in any startup. Here's how to calculate them cleanly — and why 'default alive' matters in 2026.
- [ESOP: How Employee Stock Option Plans Actually Work at Startups](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/esop-employee-stock-option-plan-startup-equity.md): An ESOP is the pool of options set aside for employees. Here's how vesting, cliff, exercise, 409A, ISO vs NSO, and exit economics really work.
- [Startup Exit Strategies: IPO, M&A, Secondary, Buyout — Explained](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/exit-strategy-ipo-ma-secondary-sales.md): Exits create the cash VCs return to LPs. Here are the five real exit paths, 2026 market conditions, and what each implies for founder and employee outcomes.
- [How Private Equity Actually Decides to Invest: EBITDA Multiples, DD Playbook, 2026 Benchmarks](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/how-private-equity-evaluates-companies-ebitda-multiples-2026.md): PE firms use EBITDA multiples, quality-of-earnings analysis, and operational diligence. Here are the 2026 benchmarks by industry and the actual framework firms use.
- [How to Raise a Seed Round in NYC in 2026: The Founder's Field Guide](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/how-to-raise-seed-round-nyc-2026-founders-guide.md): A practical, data-backed guide to NYC seed fundraising: what metrics matter, which investors move fast, what check sizes to expect, and how the NYC process differs from SF.
- [Leveraged Buyout (LBO): How Private Equity Actually Buys Companies](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/leveraged-buyout-lbo-explained-private-equity.md): An LBO uses equity + significant debt to acquire a company. Here's the capital structure, return drivers, and why LBO math defines PE returns.
- [Liquidation Preference, Explained: 1x, 2x, Participating vs Non-Participating](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/liquidation-preference-explained-1x-2x-participating.md): Liquidation preference is the single most important term on a VC term sheet. Here's how 1x non-participating, participating, and multi-preferences change exit payouts.
- [Private Market Investment Fees (2 and 20): Management Fee and Carried Interest Explained](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/management-fee-and-carried-interest-2-and-20.md): The 2-and-20 fee structure defines how VCs and PE GPs get paid — ~2% management fee plus ~20% carry. Here's how fees, hurdles, and waterfalls actually work, with dollar examples.
- [NYC Accelerators in 2026: ERA, Techstars NYC, and the University-Led Programs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-accelerators-era-techstars-nyu-columbia-labs.md): NYC's accelerator scene includes ERA (NYC's oldest), Techstars NYC, Columbia Startup Lab, NYU Leslie eLab, and Grand Central Tech. Here's what each offers.
- [NYC AI Agent Startups: The 2026 Map of Who's Building What](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-ai-agents-startup-scene-2026-map.md): NYC's AI agent scene spans finance, legal, health, and customer experience — plus a growing copilot layer for professionals. Named startups, dated rounds, investors, and how agents differ from copilots.
- [NYC AI Startups Raised $23B from 2023–Q3 2025: The Data Behind the City's Applied AI Edge](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-ai-startups-2023-2025-23b-raised-data.md): NYC-based AI startups raised $23B across 2023 through Q3 2025 — but NYC's AI share is 7.5%, not 60% like SF. Here's why NYC wins applied AI despite the gap.
- [NYC All-Female-Founded Startups Raised $955M — and Outperformed SF in 2025](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-all-female-founders-955m-155-deals-outperform-sf.md): NYC all-female-founded companies raised $955M across 143 deals in the 12 months ending June 2025 — more than SF in both dollars and deal count, per the NY State Comptroller.
- [How to Track NYC Startup Funding Daily: The AlleyWatch and Crain's Playbook](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-alleywatch-daily-report-how-to-track-funding.md): AlleyWatch's daily funding reports and Crain's data center are the two most reliable sources for NYC VC news. Here's how to use them for deal sourcing and market research.
- [BoxGroup: The NYC Seed Firm That's Made 350+ Ultra-Early Bets](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-boxgroup-ultra-early-350-portfolio.md): BoxGroup is NYC's most prolific ultra-early investor — David Tisch and team have backed 350+ companies including Warby Parker, Plaid, Stripe, and Oscar.
- [Brooklyn Navy Yard + Newlab: How NYC Built a Climate and Hardware Startup Cluster](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-brooklyn-navy-yard-newlab-climate-hardware.md): The Brooklyn Navy Yard and Newlab host 150+ hardware and climate startups. Here's why NYC's industrial corners are rebuilding a tech hardware ecosystem.
- [NYC Climate Tech: $664M Raised in 2023, and the Local Law 97 Tailwind](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-climate-tech-664m-2023-nyc-navy-yard.md): NYC climate tech raised $664M in 2023 across 34 deals. The city's Local Law 97 building carbon caps create a structural demand driver for climate startups.
- [NYC Consumer and D2C: Warby Parker, Glossier, Rent the Runway, and the Post-2022 Reset](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-consumer-dtc-warby-parker-glossier-rent-runway.md): NYC was the original D2C capital. After the 2022 correction, which consumer models still work — and what NYC VCs fund today.
- [NYC's University Startup Pipeline: Cornell Tech, Columbia, NYU, and Rockefeller](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-cornell-tech-columbia-nyu-startup-pipeline.md): NYC's universities produce a meaningful slice of the city's startup pipeline. Here's how Cornell Tech, Columbia, NYU, and Rockefeller feed the ecosystem.
- [NYC's Corporate VC Ecosystem: JPMorgan, Citi, American Express, Nasdaq, Bloomberg](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-corporate-vc-arms-jpmorgan-citi-amex-nasdaq.md): NYC's corporate VC arms operate at massive scale. Here's who they are, what they fund, and how founders should approach them.
- [NYC Crypto and Web3 in 2026: Chainalysis, Polymarket, OpenSea — and What the BitLicense Means](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-crypto-web3-ecosystem-chainalysis-polymarket-opensea.md): NYC's crypto scene is larger than many realize — $9B+ Polymarket, $13B OpenSea, Chainalysis. The BitLicense regulatory regime shapes the playing field.
- [NYC Digital Health Raised $2.4B in H1 2025: The Sector Data Every Founder Should Know](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-digital-health-2-4b-h1-2025-sector-analysis.md): NYC digital health raised $2.4B in H1 2025 (+10% YoY). Life sciences took 27% of NYC venture funding. Here's where the money went and who's writing checks.
- [NYC's Startup Neighborhoods in 2026: From DUMBO to Flatiron to the Navy Yard](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-dumbo-flatiron-tech-neighborhoods-map.md): Where do NYC startups actually work? A guide to Flatiron, SoHo, DUMBO, Williamsburg, and the Navy Yard — plus which sectors cluster where.
- [NYC Captured 22.6% of All U.S. Early-Stage VC Funding Through November 2025](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-early-stage-22-percent-us-share-data.md): NYC's early-stage share punches above its weight: 22.6% of all U.S. early-stage funding through Nov 2025 (AlleyWatch) — far larger than its total VC share.
- [NYC Enterprise SaaS: How Datadog, MongoDB, and Squarespace Built a $100B+ Cluster](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-enterprise-saas-cluster-datadog-mongodb-squarespace.md): NYC enterprise SaaS is quieter than Bay Area but has produced multiple $10B+ public companies. Here's the cluster, the alumni flywheel, and what's next.
- [NYC Family Offices: Where Ultra-High-Net-Worth Capital Allocates to Venture in 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-family-offices-single-multi-family-capital.md): NYC hosts more single-family offices (SFOs) than any other U.S. city. Here's how NYC family offices allocate to venture, PE, and direct startup investments.
- [NYC Fintech Owns 30% of U.S. Fintech Investment: Inside the $6.7B 2024 Story](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-fintech-2025-30-percent-us-investment-ramp-bilt.md): NYC captured 30% of U.S. fintech VC in 2024 ($6.71B), led by Ramp ($32B), Bilt Rewards ($11B), and a dense operator flywheel — here's why the trend continues in 2026.
- [FirstMark Capital: NYC's Community-Driven VC Behind Shopify, DraftKings, and Pinterest](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-firstmark-capital-community-enterprise-consumer.md): FirstMark is a NYC-based early-stage firm with ~$1B AUM and an unusual community-first approach. Here's how the firm builds pipeline and where it invests.
- [NYC's AI-Native Unicorns: Hugging Face, Runway, ElevenLabs, and the Content Layer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-hugging-face-runway-elevenlabs-ai-native-companies.md): NYC is home to a distinct cluster of AI-native unicorns: Hugging Face, Runway, ElevenLabs, Moonvalley. Hugging Face is now under a signed Nvidia agreement ($12.93B; not closed).
- [Insight Partners: How NYC's $90B Growth-Equity Giant Became the Most Prolific Software Investor](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-insight-partners-90b-aum-growth-equity-playbook.md): Insight Partners runs ~$90B in AUM from NYC, investing in scaling software globally. Entry ARR signals, check bands ($5M–$500M+), Onsite GTM support, and exit evidence from Wiz to monday.com to take-privates.
- [Pitchbook-NVCA Q4 2025 Data for NYC: AI Dominates 65% of Deal Value, 39% of Deal Count](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-insight-q4-2025-vc-monitor-pitchbook-data.md): The Q4 2025 Pitchbook-NVCA Venture Monitor shows AI at 65.4% of U.S. VC deal value. Here's what that means for NYC's diversified ecosystem — dated snapshot, not a live tracker.
- [NYC Insurtech: Lemonade, Oscar, and the Next Wave of AI-Native Insurance Startups](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-insurtech-lemonade-oscar-hippo-next.md): NYC's insurance industry density — MetLife, AIG, Prudential, New York Life, major reinsurers — makes it the U.S. insurtech hub. Here's the 2026 landscape.
- [NYC Legal Tech in 2026: Harvey, Everlaw, and the AI-for-Lawyers Wave](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-legal-tech-harvey-everlaw-casetext-ai-law.md): NYC's legal services economy drives legal tech adoption. Harvey, Everlaw, and dozens of AI-native legal startups are reshaping the world's largest legal market.
- [Lerer Hippeau: The NYC Seed Firm That Bet on Consumer and B2B Before Everyone Else](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-lerer-hippeau-seed-consumer-b2b.md): Lerer Hippeau is one of NYC's most active seed firms, with backing of Warby Parker, Allbirds, Casper, and hundreds more. Here's how the firm operates in 2026.
- [Lux Capital: The NYC Firm Underwriting Frontier Science and Deep Tech at $4B AUM](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-lux-capital-deep-tech-frontier-science.md): Lux Capital backs companies where science and engineering outpace convention — quantum, biotech, defense, robotics. Here's how the NYC firm plays 2026.
- [NYC Marketplaces: Etsy, Seamless, and the Vertical Marketplace Advantage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-marketplaces-etsy-resyhello-vertical-winners.md): NYC's density makes it uniquely suited for marketplace startups. Etsy, Seamless, TheRealReal (NY roots), and newer vertical marketplaces all benefit from NYC liquidity.
- [NYC Media and Adtech in 2026: Rokt, Taboola, Outbrain, and the Next Wave](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-media-adtech-rokt-taboola-outbrain.md): NYC is the global adtech capital. Rokt, Taboola, and Outbrain are public; a new wave of AI-native adtech is building atop the alumni base.
- [Nyca Partners: NYC's Dedicated Fintech VC With ~$1B AUM](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-nyca-partners-fintech-specialist-1b-aum.md): Nyca Partners is NYC's premier fintech-dedicated VC firm, with ~$1B AUM and backing of Acorns, Affirm, Plaid, and dozens of category leaders.
- [NYCEDC's 2025 State of the NYC Economy: Tech, Finance, Healthcare, and Remote Work](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-nyedc-state-of-economy-2025-tech-trends.md): NYCEDC's December 2025 report is the authoritative view of NYC's economic structure. Here's what it says about tech, finance, healthcare, and domestic migration.
- [Primary Venture Partners' $625M Fund V: The NYC-Exclusive Seed Fund, Decoded](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-primary-ventures-625m-fund-v-seed-playbook.md): Primary's $625M Fund V is the largest NYC-exclusive seed vehicle. Here's what Primary backs, how it supports portfolio companies, and its 2026 thesis.
- [Ramp's Path to $32B: How a NYC Fintech Hit $1B ARR in Under 5 Years](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-ramp-case-study-1b-arr-32b-valuation-fintech.md): Ramp reached $1B annualized revenue by Aug 2025 and a $32B valuation by early 2026 — a VC-backed NYC fintech scale story, not a bootstrapped myth. Investor syndicate, founder lessons, and what it proves for NYC startups.
- [RRE Ventures: NYC's Oldest Full-Stack VC Still Writing Big Checks in 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-rre-ventures-oldest-largest-fund.md): Founded in 1994, RRE Ventures has invested in 400+ companies across every NYC cycle. Here's the firm's 2026 footprint and investment style.
- [NYC Series A in 2026: Data-Backed Benchmarks on Metrics, Valuations, and Timelines](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-series-a-data-2025-metrics-valuation.md): A Series A in NYC 2026 typically requires $1-5M ARR (SaaS) or equivalent traction. Valuations range $40-150M post-money. Here's the data.
- [NYC's Startup Ecosystem 2025–2026 By the Numbers: $28.5B Raised, 7,000+ Startups, $621B Value](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-startup-ecosystem-2025-2026-by-the-numbers.md): A data-driven snapshot of NYC's startup scene: $28.5B in 2024 VC, $621B ecosystem value, 7,000+ startups, and the sectors capturing capital in 2026.
- [NYC Startup Exits 2024–2025: $67B Unicorn M&A Record, DoorDash-SevenRooms, Atlassian-Browser Company](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-startup-exits-2024-2025-ma-acquisition-data.md): 2025 was a record M&A year: 36 unicorn deals for $67B. NYC participated heavily — SevenRooms to DoorDash, Browser Company to Atlassian. Here's the data.
- [What Makes NYC Founders Win: The Data on Operator-Experienced Startups](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-startup-founder-success-patterns-data-operator.md): NYC's most successful founders tend to be operator-experienced — not fresh-from-college technical founders. Here's the data on NYC founder patterns and what actually drives success.
- [NYC Tech Jobs 2025-2026: The Employment Data Behind the Startup Ecosystem](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-tech-jobs-data-employment-2025-2026.md): NYC tech jobs added 203,819 positions per Tech:NYC but tech employment fell 2.3% from 2022-2024. Here's the current NYC tech labor market.
- [Thrive Capital: How Joshua Kushner's $50B+ Reported NYC Firm Became a Crossover VC](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-thrive-capital-15b-aum-josh-kushner.md): Thrive Capital is described in 2026 press coverage as managing more than $50B across Stripe, OpenAI, Instagram, and Isomorphic Labs. Concentrated multi-stage crossover VC from NYC — not a hedge fund. Stage scorecards, portfolio proof, and how founders actually get meetings.
- [NYC's Top 15 VC Firms in 2026: Ranked by AUM, Stage, and Track Record](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-top-15-vc-firms-2026-aum-rankings.md): NYC's startup investment leaders in 2026 — Insight (~$90B), Thrive (~$50B+ reported), Primary ($625M Fund V), and peers — by AUM, stage, typical check, and who founders should pitch.
- [NYC Has 135 Unicorn Startups in 2026 — Ranked, Sectorized, and Explained](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-unicorn-list-2026-135-companies-data.md): NYC is home to 135 unicorns per Failory 2026 data. Ramp leads at $32B; fintech dominates; here's the full landscape by sector and what it signals for 2026 bets.
- [Union Square Ventures: How a $2.5B NYC Firm Built the Thesis-Driven VC Model](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-union-square-ventures-thesis-driven-usv.md): Union Square Ventures built a rare track record on thesis-driven investing — networks, fintech, crypto, climate. Here's what USV backs and why it still matters in 2026.
- [NYC VC: The 2021 Bubble vs the 2025 Reset — Valuations, Deal Count, and What Changed](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-2021-bubble-versus-2025-reset-valuations-data.md): NYC VC peaked in 2021, corrected in 2022-2023, and stabilized by 2025. Here's the data on how valuations, deal counts, and investor behavior actually changed.
- [NYC vs San Francisco: A Data-Backed Comparison of the Two Top U.S. Startup Ecosystems in 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vs-sf-startup-ecosystem-comparison-2026.md): NYC ranks #2, SF ranks #1 by VC funding. But the sector mix, founder archetype, and exit patterns are very different. Here's the real comparison.
- [Why NYC Fintech Works: The Wall Street Alum Pipeline and Regulatory Proximity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-wall-street-fintech-pipeline-goldman-alum.md): NYC's fintech dominance isn't accidental. Goldman, JPMorgan, Blackrock, and Citadel alumni create a steady founder pipeline — plus regulators two subway stops away.
- [Work-Bench: NYC's Enterprise B2B Specialist VC, Explained](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-work-bench-b2b-enterprise-specialist.md): Work-Bench is NYC's most focused B2B seed fund, with deep go-to-market expertise and a tight portfolio of enterprise-first companies.
- [The VC Pitch Deck: The 10 Slides That Actually Matter in 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/pitch-deck-10-slides-vc-fundraising.md): Your pitch deck should tell a clear, defensible story in 10–12 slides. Here's what each slide must say — and the mistakes that kill meetings.
- [Pre-Money vs Post-Money Valuation: The Math Every Founder Must Understand](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/pre-money-vs-post-money-valuation-explained.md): Pre-money + investment = post-money. It sounds simple, but option pool shuffle, fully diluted share counts, and SAFEs can destroy 5–10% of founder ownership in minutes.
- [NYC Is the Global Capital of Private Equity: Blackstone, KKR, Apollo, Carlyle, Warburg](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/private-equity-in-nyc-blackstone-kkr-apollo-carlyle-warburg.md): NYC hosts the world's largest PE firms. Blackstone alone manages $1T+; KKR, Apollo, Carlyle, Warburg, General Atlantic add trillions more. Here's the ecosystem.
- [Pro-Rata Rights in VC: Follow-On Investing, Explained](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/pro-rata-rights-follow-on-investing-startup.md): Pro-rata rights let investors maintain ownership by participating in future rounds. Here's how pro-rata mechanics, super pro-rata, and fund reserves actually work.
- [Product-Market Fit (PMF): How to Measure It — and Know You Have It](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/product-market-fit-pmf-measured-and-achieved.md): PMF is the moment customers pull your product from you faster than you can sell it. Here's how to measure it, using retention, NPS, and the 'Sean Ellis test.'
- [VC Secondaries and Tender Offers: The Pre-IPO Liquidity Machine, Explained](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/secondary-market-vc-pre-ipo-liquidity.md): Secondary transactions let existing shareholders sell shares without a company exit. Here's how tender offers, direct secondaries, and continuation funds actually work.
- [Seed to Series A, B, C, D: What Every Startup Funding Round Actually Means](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/seed-series-a-b-c-funding-rounds-explained.md): The complete 2026 guide to startup funding rounds — typical round sizes, valuations, metrics expected, and what each round is really for.
- [Which VC Sectors Generate the Best ROI? 2025 Data on IRR by Industry](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/vc-returns-by-sector-2025-data-which-sectors-outperform.md): IT, healthcare, and industrials = 85% of U.S. VC invested capital (Cambridge Associates). AI dominates deal value at 65.4%. Here's what actually outperforms.
- [Board Seats and VC Governance: How Startup Boards Actually Work](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-board-seat-vc-governance.md): The board controls major company decisions. Here's how board composition, protective provisions, observers, and fiduciary duties work in VC-backed companies.
- [What Is a Bridge Round? When to Raise One (and When to Avoid It)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-bridge-round-startup-financing.md): A bridge round is interim financing between two priced rounds. Here's when bridges help, when they signal distress, and how to structure them cleanly.
- [What Is a Cap Table? How Founders, Investors, and Employees See Ownership in 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-cap-table-startup-equity-management.md): A cap table is the single source of truth for who owns what in your company. Here's how to build, maintain, and model one for every round.
- [What Is a Convertible Note? Early-Stage Debt-to-Equity, Explained](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-convertible-note-explained.md): A convertible note is short-term debt that converts into equity at the next priced round. Here's how interest, maturity, cap, and discount actually work.
- [Corporate VC (CVC): When to Take Strategic Capital From a Corporation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-corporate-vc-cvc.md): Corporate venture arms write some of the biggest checks in 2026. Here's when strategic capital helps, when it hurts, and what to negotiate first.
- [What Is a Down Round? How to Survive One — or Avoid It](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-down-round-explained-and-avoided.md): A down round is a financing at a lower valuation than the previous round. Here's what triggers one, who it hurts most, and how to structure around it.
- [Family Office: How Ultra-High-Net-Worth Capital Invests in Startups and VC Funds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-family-office-ultra-high-net-worth.md): Family offices manage wealth for ultra-high-net-worth families. Here's how single vs multi-family offices invest in VC — directly, through funds, and as co-investors.
- [Fund of Funds (FoF): How It Works in Venture Capital and Private Equity](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-fund-of-funds-explained.md): A fund of funds invests in other funds rather than directly in companies. Here's the 2026 landscape, fee structure, and when a FoF is the right LP choice.
- [The VC J-Curve: Why New Funds Look Bad Before They Look Good](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-j-curve-venture-capital.md): The J-curve describes how VC fund returns dip in early years before recovering and accelerating. Here's why it happens and how LPs plan around it.
- [Micro VC and Emerging Managers: The Fastest-Growing Segment of Venture in 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-micro-vc-emerging-manager.md): Micro VCs ($5M-$50M funds) and emerging managers (Funds I-III) now capture an outsize share of seed-stage deal flow. Here's why, and how to evaluate them.
- [What Is a Moat? Competitive Advantages That Matter for VC-Backed Startups](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-moat-competitive-advantage-startup.md): A moat is a durable competitive advantage. Here are the seven moats VCs actually underwrite — network effects, switching costs, scale, brand, IP, distribution, and data.
- [Raising a Venture Capital Fund: The Emerging Manager's Playbook for 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-pitch-to-lp-raising-a-vc-fund.md): Raising an LP-backed VC fund is harder than raising a Series B. Here's the structure, diligence, and pitch content that actually moves LP commitments.
- [Roll-Up Strategy in Private Equity: How M&A Platforms Build Scale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-roll-up-pe-m-and-a-strategy.md): A roll-up is a PE strategy of acquiring and integrating many small companies into a larger platform. Here's how it actually works and when it beats organic growth.
- [Rolling Funds Explained: The Continuous-Capital Alternative to Traditional VC Funds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-rolling-fund-angellist-explained.md): A rolling fund raises capital on a quarterly subscription basis. Here's how AngelList-style rolling funds work, who they benefit, and their limitations.
- [What Is a SAFE? The Y Combinator Simple Agreement for Future Equity, Explained](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-safe-agreement-yc-explained.md): A SAFE is a convertible financing instrument created by Y Combinator that converts into equity at a priced round. Here's exactly how valuation cap, discount, and MFN work.
- [What Is a Scout Program? How Top VCs Extend Their Sourcing Reach](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-scout-program-vc-sourcing.md): Scout programs give operators venture capital to deploy on behalf of a VC firm, extending sourcing reach. Here's how Sequoia Scouts and similar programs work.
- [SPAC vs Traditional IPO: What It Is and Why the 2020 Bubble Matters in 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-spac-merger-vs-ipo.md): A SPAC is a blank-check company that takes a private target public. Here's how SPACs actually work, why the 2020-2021 bubble matters, and when a SPAC still makes sense.
- [Syndicates and SPVs: How Angels Pool Capital in 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-syndicate-angellist-svp.md): Syndicates let angels pool capital into a single investment vehicle. Here's how SPVs work, who leads syndicates, and what founders should watch.
- [What Is a Term Sheet? The Founder's Guide to VC Deal Terms in 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-term-sheet-startup-funding.md): A term sheet is a non-binding document outlining the key terms of a proposed VC investment. Here's every section that matters and which terms to negotiate first.
- [Unicorn, Decacorn, Hectacorn: What These Startup Valuation Terms Actually Mean](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-unicorn-decacorn-hectacorn-startup.md): A unicorn is a private company valued at $1B+. Decacorns sit above $10B; hectacorns above $100B. Here's the 2026 landscape and why the labels can mislead.
- [Venture Debt: How to Use It Well (and When to Avoid It)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-venture-debt-line-alternative-capital.md): Venture debt is non-dilutive capital on top of a priced equity round. Here's how term sheets, warrants, covenants, and drawdown mechanics actually work.
- [Vesting Schedule, Cliff, Acceleration: The Complete Guide to Startup Equity Vesting](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-a-vesting-schedule-4-year-cliff.md): Vesting defines when you actually own your equity. Here's how 4-year schedules, 1-year cliffs, single/double-trigger acceleration, and early exercise work.
- [What Is an Angel Investor? The Complete 2026 Guide for Founders](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-an-angel-investor-startup-funding.md): An angel investor is an individual who invests personal capital in early-stage companies. Here's how to find, vet, and negotiate with them.
- [What Is an LP (Limited Partner) in Venture Capital? The Capital Behind the Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-an-lp-limited-partner-vc-funds.md): LPs are the investors in VC funds. Understanding who they are, how they allocate, and what they want is critical for GPs, founders, and anyone building in venture.
- [ARR vs MRR vs Booked Revenue: SaaS Revenue Metrics Clearly Explained](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-arr-mrr-saas-revenue-metrics.md): ARR is the most misreported number in SaaS. Here's how to compute ARR, MRR, bookings, and billings — and the mistakes that damage investor trust.
- [CAC, LTV, Payback: SaaS Unit Economics VCs Actually Care About](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-cac-ltv-payback-saas-unit-economics.md): CAC, LTV, and CAC payback are the core SaaS unit-economics metrics. Here's how to compute them honestly and what benchmarks matter for 2026 fundraising.
- [Deal Flow in VC: How Top Firms Actually Source Investments in 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-deal-flow-how-vcs-source-deals.md): Deal flow is a VC firm's pipeline of investment opportunities. Here's how top firms source, prioritize, and convert deals — including NYC channels and what founders can do to show up.
- [What Is Dry Powder in Private Equity (and VC)? The $2.18T Print and Why It Matters](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-dry-powder-vc-private-equity.md): Dry powder is committed but undeployed capital at VC and private equity funds. Learn what the $2.184T PE print measures, why it is not cash, and how aging reserves affect deals.
- [Due Diligence in VC: Every Section of What Investors Actually Check](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-due-diligence-vc-startup-fundraising.md): VC diligence spans commercial, technical, financial, legal, and people checks. Here's exactly what to expect — and how to prepare a clean data room.
- [What Is a GP (General Partner) in Venture Capital? How VCs Actually Run a Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-gp-general-partner-vc.md): GPs manage VC funds, make investment decisions, and sit on boards. Here's how they get paid, how they're evaluated, and what LPs really expect from them.
- [Growth Equity: The Middle Layer Between VC and Buyout, Explained](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-growth-equity-vs-vc.md): Growth equity backs mature, revenue-generating companies with minority stakes and lower risk than VC. Here's who the top firms are and when to consider them.
- [IRR vs MOIC vs DPI vs TVPI: The 4 VC Return Metrics Every LP Asks About](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-irr-vs-moic-vs-dpi-vc-returns.md): Understanding IRR, MOIC, DPI, and TVPI is essential for anyone working with VC funds. Here's what each actually measures and why DPI dominates LP conversations in 2026.
- [Private Equity and Venture Capital Firms: How to Choose in 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-private-equity-vs-venture-capital.md): Private equity and venture capital firms solve different capital problems: PE buys control of mature companies, while VC funds early-stage growth. Compare stage, ownership, leverage, returns, and who to pitch.
- [TAM, SAM, SOM: How to Size a Market the Way VCs Actually Want](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-tam-sam-som-market-sizing.md): TAM, SAM, and SOM — total, serviceable, and obtainable market — define market size for VC diligence. Here's how to compute each without hand-waving.
- [What Is Venture Capital? The Complete 2026 Guide for Founders and Investors](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/what-is-venture-capital-complete-guide.md): Venture capital is risk equity for high-growth startups. Here's how VC funds work — stages, economics, and why it matters for founders, LPs, and markets.
- [Sideline Group Fund I's $155M: Consumer, Sports, and Media VC Gets a Dedicated Voice](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sideline-group-fund-i-155m-consumer-sports-media.md): Sideline Group's debut fund close signals continued LP appetite for specialist consumer and sports/media venture capital.
- [Zenskar's $15M Series A: NYC's Agentic Finance Story Is Maturing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-zenskar-15m-series-a-nyc-agentic-billing.md): Zenskar's Series A led by Susquehanna and Bessemer shows how NYC is quietly building category leaders in agentic billing and revenue automation.
- [ANIMO Ventures Backs Zócalo Health $15M Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-animo-ventures-zocalo-health-15m-series-a.md): ANIMO Ventures participated in Zócalo Health’s $15M Series A for community-based primary care, continuing to deploy its $78M Fund II.
- [Collaborative Fund Leads WHOOP $575M Series G at $10.1B](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-collaborative-fund-whoop-575m-series-g.md): Collaborative Fund led WHOOP’s $575M Series G at a $10.1B valuation, a marquee win for the values-driven New York firm.
- [FJ Labs Positions Shine: Vinted at €8B, Quince at $10.1B](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-fj-labs-vinted-quince-milestones.md): FJ Labs reported major markups for top positions Vinted (€8B secondary) and Quince ($500M Series E at $10.1B) in its Q1 2026 update.
- [Latitude59 2026 Tallinn: The Baltic Event With Europe's Highest Founder-to-Investor Density](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-latitude59-tallinn-baltic-deep-tech.md): Latitude59's May 21–22 Tallinn event offers a near 1:1 founder-to-investor ratio — the best numerical efficiency in Europe.
- [London VC Week 2026: Europe's Most Concentrated Week of Venture Dealmaking](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-london-vc-week-2026-may-startup-investor-gravity.md): London VC Week's May 11–15 program aggregates dozens of co-located VC events — an efficient alternative to traveling to three cities.
- [TechBBQ 2026 Copenhagen: The Nordic VC Event That Punches Above Its Weight](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-techbbq-copenhagen-nordic-vc-august.md): TechBBQ's August 26–27 Copenhagen program brings 1,700+ investors into one of Europe's most capital-efficient startup ecosystems.
- [Lockheed Martin Ventures Goes to $1B: Strategic Capital Becomes a Defense-Tech Must-Have](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-lockheed-martin-ventures-1b-fund-expansion.md): LM Ventures' expansion from $400M to $1B is a signal that corporate strategic capital is now a core part of any defense-tech cap table.
- [Seattle's $1.5B Q1 2026: Fewer Deals, Bigger Checks, AI Dominates](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-seattle-1-5b-q1-2026-fewer-bigger-bets.md): Seattle's Q1 2026 saw 69 deals for $1.5B — the lowest deal count since mid-2020, reflecting a national AI-led capital concentration trend.
- [Temporal's $300M Series D: Durable Execution Is the Unsexy AI Infrastructure Winner](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-temporal-300m-series-d-durable-execution.md): Seattle-based Temporal's Series D shows that orchestration, retries, and state management are becoming core AI infrastructure — not nice-to-haves.
- [EUVC Summit 2026: The Curated GP + LP Gathering That Actually Moves Commitments](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-euvc-summit-april-london-network-fundraising.md): EUVC Summit & Awards on April 22 in London is one of the few EU events where LP allocations and GP relationships genuinely progress.
- [Imaginary Ventures Leads Sweet Chemistry and Alec’s Ice Cream](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-imaginary-ventures-sweet-chemistry-alecs-ice-cream.md): Imaginary Ventures led a $1.5M seed in bioactive skincare startup Sweet Chemistry and an $11M Series A for regenerative-dairy brand Alec’s Ice Cream.
- [0100 Europe 2026: The Private Markets Event Where LP Checks Actually Get Discussed](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-0100-europe-april-private-markets-gps-lps.md): The 0100 Europe gathering on April 21–23 remains one of Europe's most pragmatic venues for GP-LP relationships and private markets deal talk.
- [NYC Early-Stage Venture in 2026: Who's Writing Seed Checks Today](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-nyc-early-stage-2026-market-guide.md): A pragmatic 2026 map of NYC's most active seed and pre-seed investors — and what they actually fund.
- [Slush 2026 Preview: Helsinki's November Summit Is Still Europe's Single Biggest VC Weekend](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-slush-2026-preview-helsinki-investor-playbook.md): With 13,000+ attendees and 500+ LPs expected in Helsinki, Slush 2026 remains the gravity center of European venture deal-making.
- [BDC Capital's $150M Life Sciences Fund: Canada's Medtech Layer Gets Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-bdc-capital-life-sciences-150m-fund.md): BDC Capital's life sciences venture fund bolsters Canadian therapeutics and medtech — an underrated pipeline for U.S. and EU follow-on rounds.
- [Jeito Capital II's €1B European Biopharma Fund: LPs Back EU Healthcare at Scale](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-jeito-capital-ii-1b-european-biopharma.md): Jeito Capital's €1B Fund II cements the case that Europe can fund late-stage biopharma domestically, without exporting all growth-stage capital to the U.S.
- [Blackstone's $10B Capital Opportunities V: Private Credit Reshapes the VC Exit Path](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-blackstone-copportunities-v-10b-private-credit.md): Blackstone's opportunistic private credit fund is not VC, but its scale directly changes how venture-backed companies refinance, recapitalize, and exit.
- [KKR's $23B North America PE Fund: Scale Capital Reshapes the Growth-Stage VC Market](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-kkr-north-america-pe-23b-fund.md): Mega buyout funds like KKR's 2026 vehicle aren't traditional VC, but they materially influence late-stage startup exits and crossover rounds.
- [Alcatraz's $50M Series B: Physical Security Is Being Rebuilt for the AI Infrastructure Era](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-alcatraz-50m-series-b-physical-security.md): Alcatraz's April 2026 round reflects growing demand for privacy-aware biometric access systems in critical facilities.
- [April 2026 NYC + U.S. VC Funding Roundup: Deals, Tables, and Q2 Signals](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-april-nyc-usa-vc-funding-roundup.md): April 2026 VC funding roundup with NYC and U.S. deal tables — what raised, at what stage, and what founders should do next. Links to the live fund tracker.
- [Avo's $10M Series A: Clinical AI Is Moving Closer to Point-of-Care Decisions](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-avo-10m-series-a-clinical-ai.md): Avo's April 2026 Series A highlights investor demand for AI systems that integrate directly into clinical workflows.
- [The Better Money Company's $10M Seed: Stablecoin Infrastructure Keeps Attracting Early Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-better-money-company-10m-seed-stablecoin-infra.md): The Better Money Company's seed round signals ongoing investor appetite for payment rails and stablecoin interoperability layers.
- [Cents' $140M Series C: Vertical SaaS Still Wins When Workflow Ownership Is Deep](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cents-140m-series-c-vertical-saas.md): Cents' large April 2026 round shows that vertical SaaS platforms with payments integration can still command major growth capital.
- [Cognichip's $60M Raise: AI-Native Chip Design Attracts Infrastructure-Focused Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cognichip-60m-ai-chip-design.md): Cognichip's April 2026 funding underscores investor appetite for companies that can shorten semiconductor design cycles.
- [Moonbounce's $12M Raise: AI Content Moderation Is Becoming Core Runtime Infrastructure](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-moonbounce-12m-ai-content-moderation.md): Moonbounce's April 2026 fundraise shows growing demand for policy-aware moderation layers in AI-native products.
- [Pumpcade's $1M Pre-Seed: Fast-Resolution Prediction Products Keep Attracting Early Bets](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-pumpcade-1m-pre-seed-prediction-markets.md): Pumpcade's April 2026 pre-seed round reflects continued investor appetite for experimental fintech and market mechanics products.
- [Sona's $45M Series B: AI-Native Software for Frontline Operations Keeps Gaining Ground](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sona-45m-series-b-frontline-ai.md): Sona's April 2026 Series B announcement reflects continued demand for AI systems embedded in workforce and operations workflows.
- [Q1 2026 VC Hit a Record $300B Globally — But Capital Concentration Is the Real Story](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-crunchbase-q1-record-300b-global-vc.md): Crunchbase data shows global startups raised roughly $300B in Q1 2026, with U.S.-based companies capturing ~83% and a tiny number of AI megadeals dominating the mix.
- [VivaTech 2026 Preview: Paris's June Event Is the Largest EU Startup-Meets-VC Stage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-vivatech-2026-paris-investor-playbook.md): VivaTech 2026 returns June 17–20 with 180,000+ attendees and 3,600+ investors — here's how founders and VCs should play it.
- [Lumen II's €100M Seed Fund: Sector Specialism Returns to European Seed](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-lumen-ii-100m-fund-seed-fintech-healthtech.md): Lumen II's new €100M vehicle for seed-stage fintech, insurtech, digital health, and cybersecurity is a rare large EU sector-specific seed fund.
- [OpenAI's $122B Round Pushes U.S. VC to an All-Time Record in Q1 2026](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-openai-122b-private-round-capital-concentration.md): OpenAI's massive private round cemented the Bay Area as the global AI capital hub, accounting for an outsize share of Q1 2026's record venture totals.
- [Austin's Record $4.2B Q1 2026: Hard Tech and Defense Take the Lead](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-austin-q1-record-4-2b-hard-tech-defense.md): Austin startups raised a record $4.2B in Q1 2026, powered by Saronic, Apptronik, and CesiumAstro — with defense and robotics dominating.
- [Slate Auto's $650M Series C: A Pragmatic Bet on Sub-$30K EVs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-slate-auto-650m-series-c-ev.md): Slate's large April round reframes U.S. EV investing around affordability and manufacturability rather than premium brands.
- [Spark Capital Raises $1.95B Growth Fund VI for Series B/C](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-spark-capital-growth-fund-vi-1-95b.md): Spark Capital filed to raise a $1.95B Growth Fund VI, expanding firepower for Series B and C rounds alongside a new early-stage fund.
- [Contour Venture Partners Check Size: Typical Range, Stage Focus, and What Founders Should Expect](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/contour-venture-partners-check-size-2026.md): Looking up Contour Venture Partners check size? Here is a practical estimate, stage breakdown, and positioning guidance for founders preparing outreach.
- [FJ Labs Raises Fund IV to Extend Marketplace Investing Machine](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-fj-labs-fund-iv-marketplaces.md): FJ Labs, the marketplace-focused firm of Fabrice Grinda, filed for Fund IV, reporting $73.5M raised as it continues its high-volume, non-lead strategy.
- [Forerunner Ventures Joins depthfirst $80M Series B in AI Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-forerunner-ventures-depthfirst-80m-series-b.md): Forerunner Ventures participated in depthfirst’s $80M Series B, an applied AI lab securing the world’s software, in a round led by Meritech Capital.
- [Nomadic's $8.4M Seed: Physical AI Needs Better Data Operations, Not Just Better Models](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-nomadic-8-4m-seed.md): Nomadic's seed round addresses a growing bottleneck in autonomy stacks: messy, low-usability robot and AV video data.
- [Runway's $10M Builder Fund: Foundation Model Companies Are Becoming Ecosystem Investors](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-runway-10m-builder-fund.md): Runway's fund + credits program mirrors a broader strategy: lock in distribution by financing the application layer early.
- [Saronic $1.75B Series D at $9.25B — Maritime Autonomy Defense Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-saronic-1-75b-series-d-maritime-autonomy.md): Saronic's Austin-based Series D led by Kleiner Perkins shows defense-tech capital is now funding production infrastructure, not just prototypes.
- [Whoop at $10.1B: Wearables Shift From Fitness Gadget to Health Platform](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-whoop-575m-series-g.md): Whoop's $575M Series G suggests premium wearable businesses can still command growth capital when recurring subscriptions and clinical partnerships align.
- [Mistral's $830M Debt Raise: AI Labs Are Adopting Project-Finance Thinking](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-mistral-830m-debt-datacenter.md): Mistral's debt financing for data center build-out highlights a shift from pure equity to infrastructure-style capital stacks.
- [Mistral's $3.1B Stack and Paris Datacenter: Europe's Sovereign AI Bet Gets Real](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-mistral-ai-eu-sovereignty-paris-datacenter.md): With €1.7B equity, $830M in debt, and a Paris datacenter plan, Mistral is turning 'European AI sovereignty' into a funded industrial strategy.
- [Qodo's $70M Series B: Verification Is the New Bottleneck in AI Coding](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-qodo-70m-code-verification.md): Qodo's new funding underlines that code generation is solved faster than code trust and governance.
- [Rebellions' $400M Pre-IPO Round: Inference Chips Keep Attracting Strategic Capital](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-rebellions-400m-pre-ipo.md): Rebellions' raise signals persistent demand for Nvidia alternatives in AI inference infrastructure.
- [ScaleOps' $130M Series C: GPU Efficiency Is Now a Board-Level KPI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-scaleops-130m-series-c.md): ScaleOps raised to address an immediate pain point: enterprises pay for AI compute they don't fully utilize.
- [Starcloud's $170M Series A: Data Center Capacity Is Expanding Into New Frontiers](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-starcloud-170m-series-a.md): March 2026: Starcloud raised $170M Series A at $1.1B. That mark is historical. Live valuation as of August 21, 2026 is $2.3B after a $250M extension.
- [Sycamore's $65M Seed: Enterprise Agent Orchestration Is Entering a Crowded Buildout](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sycamore-65m-seed-agent-orchestration.md): Sycamore's large seed round shows sustained investor appetite for platforms that coordinate enterprise AI agents end-to-end.
- [Camber Creek Backs Cents $140M Series C in Proptech Push](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-camber-creek-cents-140m-series-c.md): Proptech specialist Camber Creek backed Cents’ $140M Series C, its latest deal as the firm deploys a fifth flagship fund opened in 2025.
- [Imaginary Ventures Leads $100M Nordic Knots Growth Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-imaginary-ventures-nordic-knots-100m.md): Imaginary Ventures led a ~$100M (€86M) growth round for Nordic Knots at a ~$2.2B valuation, betting Scandinavian-design commerce can scale like tech.
- [Granola's $125M Round: Meeting Notes Are Becoming Workflow Infrastructure](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-granola-125m-enterprise-ai.md): Granola's jump to a $1.5B valuation shows note-taking winners are those that convert transcripts into operational systems, not summaries.
- [New Enterprise Associates (NEA) Leads Qualified Health $125M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-new-enterprise-associates-qualified-health-ai-push.md): New Enterprise Associates led Qualified Health’s $125M Series B for enterprise healthcare AI, part of a broad 2026 AI push spanning Twelve Labs and Corca.
- [Mirage Raises $75M: AI Video Is Moving From Novelty to Throughput](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-mirage-75m-ai-video.md): Mirage's financing for Captions reflects demand for production-grade AI video workflows in marketing and creator operations.
- [Littlebird's $11M Bet: Personal Recall Is Becoming a Software Category](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-littlebird-11m-recall-layer.md): Littlebird's raise highlights a new software layer that captures work context continuously and turns it into queryable memory.
- [Chicago and Midwest VC in 2026: Capital Flows Back to Industrial, Fintech, and Healthtech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-chicago-midwest-vc-resurgence-2026.md): Chicago's 2026 VC scene is quietly reactivating around industrial AI, B2B fintech, and healthcare — anchored by Pritzker, Hyde Park, and MATH Venture Partners.
- [First Round Capital Portfolio: K2 Unicorn, Merlin Labs IPO](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-first-round-capital-portfolio-milestones-k2-merlin.md): First Round Capital saw portfolio momentum as K2 Space became a unicorn, Merlin Labs went public, and Cocoon was acquired by TriNet.
- [Arc's $50M Raise: Electric Marine Is Expanding Beyond Recreational Niche](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-arc-50m-electric-boats.md): Arc's new capital to move into commercial and defense boats suggests electric marine is entering a broader procurement cycle.
- [Cloaked's $375M Round: Privacy Is Crossing From Consumer Utility to Enterprise Budget](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cloaked-375m-privacy-enterprise.md): Cloaked's financing shows privacy tooling can graduate from consumer feature set to enterprise-grade risk and identity layer.
- [Spark Capital Leads Latent Health $80M Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-spark-capital-latent-health-series-a.md): Spark Capital led Latent Health’s $80M Series A at a $600M valuation, continuing an active run of AI and healthcare leads.
- [Sequen's $16M Series A: Recommendation Quality Is a P&L Lever Again](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sequen-16m-personalization-engine.md): Sequen's funding underscores renewed demand for ranking systems that can lift conversion without rebuilding whole app stacks.
- [Venture Week Miami 2026: South Florida's $2B Startup Scene Matures](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-miami-venture-week-latam-gateway.md): Venture Week Miami highlighted a maturing ecosystem: $2.02B across 161 deals in early 2026, with fintech, AI, and LatAm cross-border leading the themes.
- [NVCA 2026 Yearbook: A Venture Industry in Transition — Fewer Funds, Bigger Winners](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-nvca-yearbook-industry-in-transition.md): NVCA's 2026 Yearbook shows $67B raised across 585 U.S. funds in 2025, with the top 10 funds capturing a disproportionate share — a clear structural shift.
- [Parallel's €17M Series A: Paris Healthtech Doubles Down on Coding Agents](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-parallel-paris-health-coding-agents.md): Parallel's Paris round highlights Europe's growing confidence in vertical AI agents for regulated industries like healthcare.
- [Revel's $150M Series B: EV Ride-Hail + Fast Charging Is a Real Business Model](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-revel-150m-series-b-ride-hail-charging-nyc-la.md): Revel's Series B strengthens its NYC and LA fleet-plus-charging thesis — capital rewarding operators that combine asset ownership with urban EV infrastructure.
- [cargo.one's Latest Round: Berlin's AI-Native Logistics OS Play](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cargo-one-berlin-ai-logistics.md): cargo.one's 2026 round reinforces Berlin as a European hub for B2B software applied to freight, logistics, and supply chain.
- [Qdrant's $50M Series B: Berlin's Open-Source AI Infrastructure Grows Up](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-qdrant-50m-series-b-berlin-vector-search.md): Qdrant's AVP-led Series B positions Berlin as a credible European hub for AI data infrastructure — and vector search as a core production primitive.
- [Wonderful at $2B: Agentic Customer Service Is Becoming Core Infrastructure](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-wonderful-150m-series-b.md): Wonderful's rapid back-to-back raises point to enterprise willingness to spend on AI agents tied to measurable service outcomes. Later: $550 million Series C on September 2, 2026; $5 billion is press.
- [EGIDE's €8M Seed: France Doubles Down on Counter-Drone Capability](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-egide-paris-drone-countermeasures.md): EGIDE's Paris seed round is a microcosm of France's push for sovereign counter-UAV systems and dual-use defense tech.
- [Mind Robotics' $500M: Industrial AI Robots Are Chasing Labor and Throughput Gaps](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-mind-robotics-500m-series-a.md): Mind Robotics' large Series A signals conviction that factory robotics plus AI software can close chronic throughput and labor constraints.
- [Quince's $500M Round: Margin Discipline Is Back in DTC Growth](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-quince-500m-series-e.md): Quince's large round at a $10B valuation reflects investor appetite for scaled consumer brands with supply-chain leverage and repeat demand.
- [AgentMail's $6M Seed: AI Agents Need Native Communication Rails](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-agentmail-6m-seed.md): AgentMail is betting that legacy email protocols are poorly suited for autonomous software agents transacting at machine speed.
- [Armadin's $189.9M Early Raise: Cyber Defense Is Racing Toward Agent-vs-Agent](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-armadin-189-9m-seed-a.md): Armadin's unusually large early-stage raise indicates strong conviction that autonomous defensive agents will be a core security primitive.
- [CesiumAstro's $470M Round: Space Communications Is a Dual-Use Growth Market](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cesiumastro-470m-aerospace-austin.md): CesiumAstro's large round anchors Austin as a hard-tech hub and shows commercial-plus-defense space comms as a fundable growth category.
- [Eridu's $200M Series A: Networking Is Re-emerging as a Critical AI Bottleneck](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-eridu-200m-series-a-networking.md): Eridu's oversubscribed round is a reminder that model scaling depends on interconnect innovation, not just better GPUs.
- [Isara Laboratories' €81M Series A: UK Agent Platforms Go Enterprise](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-isara-81m-series-a-uk-ai-multiagent.md): Isara's large Series A underscores that multi-agent AI platforms with credible enterprise traction are attracting growth-sized checks in the UK.
- [Outpost's €15M Series A: UK Retail Compliance Gets an AI Copilot](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-outpost-uk-ai-retail-compliance.md): Outpost's London round shows that niche regulatory compliance is becoming a credible sub-sector for AI copilots — especially in UK retail.
- [Sandbar's $23M Series A: AI Wearables Are Splitting Into Focused Use Cases](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sandbar-23m-series-a.md): Sandbar's note-taking ring raise suggests category winners may be single-purpose devices with strong software loops, not all-in-one wearables.
- [Midas' €43M Series A: Berlin's DeFi Infrastructure Moves Toward Institutional Use](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-midas-43m-series-a-berlin-defi.md): Midas' Series A funds the next wave of tokenized treasuries and on-chain investment rails aimed at institutional allocators.
- [Escape's €15M Series A: Paris Pushes Into AI-Driven API Security](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-escape-15m-series-a-paris-ai-security.md): Escape's Series A highlights France's growing presence in AI security tooling — and the need for continuous API attack-surface monitoring.
- [Wonderful's €129M Series B: Amsterdam's AI Agent Star Enters Growth Mode](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-wonderful-129m-series-b-amsterdam-ai-agents.md): Wonderful's €129M Series B is one of the largest European AI agent rounds of Q1 2026 and anchors Amsterdam as a serious European AI hub. Later: $550 million Series C on September 2, 2026.
- [XBOW's $120M Series C: Autonomous Pentesting Moves Into the Enterprise](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-xbow-120m-series-c-ai-offensive-security.md): XBOW's Series C shows buyers are willing to pay for AI systems that continuously probe their own attack surface.
- [Overland AI's $100M: Ground Autonomy Finds Its Defense Customer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-overland-ai-100m-ground-autonomy.md): Overland AI's large Seattle-area round signals that off-road autonomous ground systems are a credible dual-use market, not a niche.
- [OpenAI's $110B Round: The Compute-Distribution Flywheel Gets Harder to Disrupt](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-openai-110b-private-round.md): OpenAI's giant private round, with strategic infrastructure terms, reinforces that frontier-model leadership is now capex and partnership intensive.
- [Stoke Space's $350M: Fully Reusable Rockets Become a Pacific Northwest Story](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-stoke-space-350m-reusable-rockets.md): Stoke's latest round extends Seattle's hard-tech profile and puts second-stage reuse back on the commercial launch roadmap.
- [Alpaca VC Backs Brilliant Harvest $4M Seed Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-alpaca-vc-brilliant-harvest-4m-seed.md): Alpaca VC joined the $4M seed round for Brilliant Harvest in February 2026, its first new investment of the year as it continues its foundational-industries thesis.
- [Charge Ventures Follows On in Coral Care Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-charge-ventures-coral-care-series-a.md): Charge Ventures backed Coral Care’s Series A, its most recent deal as the Brooklyn pre-seed firm supports breakouts across non-traditional startup hubs.
- [FTX Ventures Holdings Wind Down: Trust Monetizes $334M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ftx-ventures-recovery-trust-venture-monetization.md): The FTX Recovery Trust reported ~$334M in proceeds from monetizing former FTX Ventures investments, and agreed to sell another venture stake for $330M.
- [LA's $8.85B Hard Tech Surge: Aerospace and Defense Reshape the Southern California VC Map](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-la-8-85b-aerospace-defense-2025-recap.md): LA's top-25 deals captured $8.85B in 2025, led by aerospace, defense, and dual-use hardware — here's how the ecosystem enters 2026.
- [Alpha Edison Leads Ownwell $50M Series B for Property Tax Appeals](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-alpha-edison-ownwell-50m-series-b.md): Alpha Edison led a $50M Series B for Ownwell, a property tax appeals and home-cost platform, alongside Mercato Partners.
- [Floodgate Leads EFEX Seed, Joins Counsel Health Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-floodgate-efex-counsel-health.md): Floodgate led a seed round for fintech EFEX and joined Counsel Health’s $25M Series A, staying active across AI and fintech seeds.
- [Mesh Optical's $50M Series A: Optical Interconnect Is a Strategic Chokepoint](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-mesh-optical-50m-series-a.md): Mesh Optical is targeting transceiver supply and efficiency constraints that quietly shape AI data center economics.
- [NextView Ventures Closes Fund VI for the "Everyday Economy"](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-nextview-ventures-fund-vi-everyday-economy.md): NextView Ventures closed Fund VI with $80M toward a $135M target, sticking to its seed-only "Everyday Economy" discipline.
- [645 Ventures Leads Arbor $6.3M Seed for AI Enterprise Research](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-645-ventures-leads-arbor-6-3m-seed.md): 645 Ventures led a $6.3M seed round for Arbor, an AI-powered enterprise research platform, and also backed Variance and Condor Software in early 2026.
- [Anthropic's $30B Series G: Frontier AI Valuations Follow Enterprise Pull](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-anthropic-30b-series-g.md): Anthropic's jump to a reported $380B valuation reflects investor belief that enterprise AI revenue concentration will intensify.
- [Blisce Follows On in Talkiatry Series D for Virtual Psychiatry](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-blisce-talkiatry-series-d.md): Blisce, the B Corp transatlantic firm founded by Alexandre Mars, made a follow-on investment in Talkiatry’s Series D for virtual psychiatry.
- [Apptronik's $520M Extension at $5B: Humanoids Enter the Commercial Scale Era](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-apptronik-520m-series-a-ext-humanoid-robotics.md): Google, Mercedes-Benz, and B Capital led a $520M extension for Apptronik — the signal: humanoids are moving from labs to paid commercial pilots.
- [Bedrock Robotics' $270M Series B: Heavy-Equipment Autonomy Is the Next Defensible Vertical](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-bedrock-robotics-270m-series-b.md): Bedrock's Bay Area Series B shows VCs still pay premiums for deep-workflow robotics that take humans out of dangerous, remote jobs.
- [Entire's $60M Seed: AI Code Management Is Becoming Its Own Platform Layer](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-entire-60m-devtool-seed.md): Entire's record dev-tool seed round reflects demand for systems that preserve context and governance around AI-generated code.
- [Greycroft Closes Over $1B Across New Funds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-greycroft-1b-new-funds.md): Greycroft closed more than $1B in new capital commitments to back seed-to-growth companies in AI infrastructure, intelligent applications, and sustainability.
- [Primary Ventures' $625M Fund V: Seed Is Scaling Into a Distinct Asset Class](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-primary-ventures-625m-fund-v.md): Primary's new fund size signals that early-stage rounds in AI-era markets now require more capital and broader support platforms.
- [Two Sigma Ventures Leads Osmo $70M Series B in Digital Olfaction](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-two-sigma-ventures-osmo-70m-series-b.md): Two Sigma Ventures led Osmo’s $70M Series B to scale digital olfaction, one of the firm’s final marquee rounds before its spinout into Deviation Capital.
- [Boston VC in 2026: $16.7B Raised in 2025, and Biotech Still Drives the Market](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-boston-vc-2026-biotech-dominance-playbook.md): Boston startups raised $16.7B in 2025 and a record $1B in January 2026 alone — here's who's writing the checks and where the capital is flowing.
- [Cerebras' $1B Round: The Inference Economy Needs Its Own Silicon](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-cerebras-1b-round-ai-compute.md): Cerebras' billion-dollar round underlines that wafer-scale and specialty AI accelerators are an investable asset class separate from GPU supply chains.
- [Waymo's $16B Series E at $126B Valuation: Why Robotaxi Capital Is Concentrating](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-waymo-16b-series-e-robotaxi-scale.md): Waymo's $16B round led by Dragoneer, DST Global, and Sequoia reframes autonomous mobility as a platform-scale infrastructure bet, not a moonshot.
- [Baseten's $300M Round at $5B: Why AI Inference Platforms Are the New CDN](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-baseten-300m-series-c-inference.md): Baseten's January 2026 round highlights enterprise demand for latency-optimized model serving as a dedicated infrastructure layer.
- [Notation Capital Portfolio: Talos Extends Series B, Alluvial Exits](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-notation-capital-preseed-portfolio-talos.md): Notation Capital’s technical pre-seed bets advanced as Talos extended its Series B and Alluvial was acquired, underscoring the Brooklyn firm’s infrastructure focus.
- [NextView Ventures Exits: Browser Company and Hatch Acquired](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-nextview-ventures-browser-company-hatch-exits.md): NextView Ventures logged seed-stage exits as Browser Company was acquired by Atlassian for $610M and Hatch by Yelp for $300M.
- [Humans& $480M Seed: Talent Gravity Still Drives Frontier AI Valuations](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-humans-and-480m-seed.md): Humans& raised one of the largest seed rounds in AI, highlighting investor concentration around elite teams from top labs.
- [Harlem Capital Enters Next Chapter With Fund III Themes](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-harlem-capital-fund-iii-next-chapter.md): Harlem Capital marked its 10-year "next chapter," deploying Fund III at $1-2.5M into pre-seed and seed across four AI-driven themes.
- [Helsing's €600M Series D and 2026 Scale-Up: Europe Is Building Its Own Defense Primes](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-helsing-600m-series-d-european-defense-sovereignty.md): Helsing's Prima Materia-led mega-round, Kongsberg space JV, and HX-2 production ramp together show Europe committing to defense-tech sovereignty.
- [Depthfirst's $40M Series A: Defensive AI Must Catch Up With Offensive AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-depthfirst-40m-series-a.md): Depthfirst's financing reflects enterprise urgency around AI-native detection and codebase security monitoring.
- [FTX Ventures Estate Pursues Clawbacks Amid Creditor Payouts](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ftx-ventures-estate-clawback-litigation.md): The FTX estate tied to FTX Ventures pressed clawback suits — including a $1.15B action against Genesis Digital Assets — while scheduling further creditor distributions.
- [MetaProp Notches Proptech Exits: Urbint and Obie Acquired](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-metaprop-urbint-obie-exits.md): MetaProp saw two proptech exits as Urbint was acquired by Itron for $325M and Obie by The Baldwin Group, while portfolio company BuildOps hit unicorn status.
- [GGV Capital’s Split Into Notable Capital and Granite Asia](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ggv-capital-notable-granite-asia-split.md): GGV Capital ceased using its brand and split into U.S.-focused Notable Capital and Asia-focused Granite Asia, a structure that continues to define both firms in 2026.
- [xAI's $20B Series E: Capital Scale Doesn't Remove Trust and Safety Risk](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-xai-20b-series-e.md): xAI's giant round reinforces investor confidence in platform-scale AI distribution while spotlighting governance risk as a valuation variable.
- [Gaingels Backs Thea Energy $100M Series B; Cerebras IPO Hits](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-gaingels-thea-energy-cerebras-exit.md): Gaingels participated in Thea Energy’s $100M Series B for stellarator fusion, while portfolio company Cerebras listed on NASDAQ in a marquee exit.
- [Perplexity's Path to a $22.6B Valuation: Why Answer Engines Are Their Own Category](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-perplexity-22b-valuation-answers-engine.md): After a late-2025 valuation revision to $22.6B, Perplexity's stack of rounds shows answer engines are now a funded category adjacent to pure LLMs.
- [Floodgate Leads Wavedash $4.3M Seed Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-floodgate-wavedash-4-3m-seed.md): Floodgate’s Mike Maples Jr. led a $4.3M seed round for Wavedash, continuing the micro-VC pioneer’s early-stage bets.
- [Lightspeed Venture Partners Closes Over $9B, Doubles Down on AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-lightspeed-venture-partners-9b-new-funds.md): Lightspeed Venture Partners closed more than $9B across six vehicles, with roughly 55% earmarked for AI infrastructure, applications, and AI-native software.
- [Blockchange Ventures Leads W3.io Seed, Backs TestMachine $6.5M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-blockchange-ventures-w3io-testmachine-seed.md): Blockchange Ventures led W3.io’s seed round for a Web3 smart layer and backed TestMachine’s $6.5M raise for AI blockchain security.
- [Amplifyher Ventures Portfolio: SuperCircle Raises $24M Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-amplifyher-ventures-supercircle-24m-series-a.md): Amplifyher Ventures portfolio company SuperCircle announced a $24M Series A for its AI-powered operating system for retail textile waste.
- [Canaan Partners Leads OpenArt $30M Series A in Creative AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-canaan-partners-openart-30m-series-a.md): Canaan Partners led a $30M Series A in OpenArt, an AI-native visual media infrastructure company, from its $850M Fund XIII.
- [Camber Creek Deepens Middle East Reach With DFDF Commitment](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-camber-creek-dfdf-middle-east-expansion.md): Proptech firm Camber Creek added Dubai Future District Fund as a limited partner, expanding pathways for its U.S. proptech portfolio into the Middle East.
- [Compound Backs The General Intelligence Company in AI Systems](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-compound-general-intelligence-company-deep-tech.md): Compound invested in The General Intelligence Company, extending the deep-tech firm’s thesis-driven bets across AI systems and frontier research.
- [MetaProp Backs Maybern $50M Series B and LightTable Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-metaprop-maybern-lighttable.md): MetaProp backed Maybern’s $50M Series B fund-management platform and LightTable’s Series A, continuing its built-world software thesis.
- [Newark Venture Partners Crosses $200M AUM With Second Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-newark-venture-partners-200m-fund-ii.md): Newark Venture Partners crossed $200M in AUM with a second fund to back vertical AI founders, supported by LPs including Rutgers, Prudential, and Audible.
- [Asymmetric Capital Partners Closes $137M Fund II](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-asymmetric-capital-partners-137m-fund-ii.md): Asymmetric Capital Partners closed Fund II at $137M, beating its $125M target and pushing total AUM past $240M for vertical software and healthcare IT.
- [Digital Currency Group Anchors Yuma Asset Management With $10M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-digital-currency-group-yuma-asset-management.md): Digital Currency Group anchored the launch of Yuma Asset Management with a $10M seed, offering structured exposure to Bittensor subnet tokens.
- [NYC VC Scene (Archive): Historical 2024 Data + Where to Find 2026 Rankings](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-scene-2025.md): Historical snapshot of NYC venture capital (Q4 2024 figures preserved). For current 2026 rankings, stage shortlists, and deal activity, use our canonical NYC guides linked below.
- [Fall Investment Trends in 2025: The Ultimate Guide to Q4 Market Analysis](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/fall-investments-trends-2025.md): Discover the hottest Q4 investment trends for 2025! From tech sector opportunities to traditional value plays and emerging markets, this complete guide has everything you need to optimize your autumn portfolio.
- [Zeal Capital Partners Leads Rising Team and Seven Starling Rounds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-zeal-capital-partners-rising-team-seven-starling.md): Zeal Capital Partners led an $8M Series A in Rising Team and backed Seven Starling’s $8M maternal-health round, deploying its new Fund II.
- [SoGal Ventures Backs Mappa and MoldCo Seed Rounds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sogal-ventures-mappa-moldco-seed.md): SoGal Ventures added AI talent platform Mappa and healthcare startup MoldCo to its portfolio, continuing its focus on diverse founders.
- [Eniac Ventures Leads Evertune $4M Seed for LLM Brand Analytics](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-eniac-ventures-evertune-4m-seed.md): Eniac Ventures led a $4M seed for Evertune, which builds marketing analytics tools that monitor how brands appear in LLM outputs.
- [First Round Capital Launches Fund X Targeting $500M](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-first-round-capital-fund-x-500m.md): First Round Capital launched Fund X targeting about $500M, keeping its pre-seed and seed focus and pushing total AUM toward $3B.
- [Inspired Capital Deploys $330M Fund III Behind Bold Founders](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-inspired-capital-330m-fund-iii.md): Inspired Capital, founded by Alexa von Tobel and Penny Pritzker, is deploying its $330M Fund III, pushing AUM to about $900M across three funds.
- [ANIMO Ventures Leads Atarraya $5M Seed for Sustainable Shrimp Farming](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-animo-ventures-atarraya-5m-seed.md): ANIMO Ventures led a $5M seed round for Atarraya, a sustainable urban shrimp-farming technology company, from its $78M Fund II.
- [CRV Closes $750M CRV XX, Refocuses on Early Stage](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-crv-xx-750m-fund.md): CRV closed its twentieth flagship fund, CRV XX, at $750M in four weeks, doubling down on early-stage investing and stepping back from late-stage Select funds.
- [July 2025 NYC VC Fund Roundup: Boldstart $250M, Betaworks $66M, and 49 Global Fund Closes](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2025-july-nyc-vc-fund-roundup.md): July 2025 brought Boldstart's $250M Fund VII, Betaworks' $66M AI fund, and Verified Capital's $175M debut — plus $6.77B in global new VC dry powder.
- [July 2025 Life Sciences Mega Close: Frazier Life Sciences Closes $1.3B Fund XII](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-07-31-frazier-life-sciences-1-3b-fund-xii.md): Frazier Life Sciences closed Fund XII at over $1.3 billion on July 31, 2025 — one of the largest biotech venture funds closed in July 2025.
- [July 2025 Growth Equity Close: Glade Brook Raises $515M Fund IV](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-07-25-glade-brook-515m-fund-iv.md): Greenwich and Miami-based Glade Brook Capital closed Strategic Growth Fund IV at $515 million on July 22, 2025, targeting FinTech, AI, SpaceTech, and DefenseTech growth equity.
- [NYC VC Fund Launch: Betaworks Closes $66M Fund III for Early-Stage AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-07-22-betaworks-66m-fund-iii.md): New York City-based Betaworks announced the $66M close of Fund III on July 22, 2025, continuing its legacy of backing creative technologists building AI-native products.
- [July 2025 VC Fund Close: Modi Ventures Closes $88M Fund II for Tech-Bio Convergence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-07-16-modi-ventures-88m-fund-ii.md): Houston-based Modi Ventures closed its oversubscribed second fund at $88 million on July 16, 2025, investing at the intersection of AI, biology, and medical technology.
- [Emerging Manager Spotlight: Verified Capital Closes $175M Debut Fund With Founder LP Network](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-07-verified-capital-175m-debut.md): Former Coatue partner Kris Fredrickson closed Verified Capital Fund I at $175M in July 2025 — a concentrated 8–10 bet strategy backed by Harvey AI, Coinbase, and Instacart founders.
- [NYC VC Fund Launch: Quartus Capital Closes $50M+ AI Fund for Growth-Stage Tech](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-07-14-quartus-ai-fund-50m.md): New York-based Quartus Capital Partners closed its Quartus AI Fund LP at $50M+ on July 14, 2025, deploying into growth-stage AI ventures across healthcare, education, and logistics.
- [July 2025 Fintech VC Close: Propel Venture Partners Closes $100M Fund V](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-07-11-propel-venture-partners-100m-fund-v.md): San Francisco-based Propel Venture Partners closed Fund V at $100 million on July 11, 2025, bringing total commitments to $436M+ for fintech infrastructure seed investing.
- [July 2025 Emerging Manager: Sarah Smith Fund Closes $16M AI-Native Solo GP Fund I](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-07-11-sarah-smith-fund-16m-fund-i.md): Solo GP Sarah Smith closed Fund I at $16 million in July 2025, deploying AI-native tools to back up to 50 pre-seed and seed companies with $250K average checks.
- [NYC VC Fund Launch: Boldstart Ventures Closes $250M Fund VII for Autonomous Enterprise](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-07-08-boldstart-250m-fund-vii.md): New York and Miami-based Boldstart Ventures announced the $250M close of Fund VII on July 8, 2025, backing inception-stage technical founders building the autonomous enterprise.
- [Ribbit Capital Raises New $300M "Leapfrog" Opportunistic Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-ribbit-capital-leapfrog-opportunistic-fund.md): Ribbit Capital began raising a new $300M opportunistic fund, "Leapfrog Capital," to invest across a wider range of deals beyond its fintech core.
- [June 2025 VC & PE Fund Close Tracker: 47 VC Funds ($5.4B) and 20 PE Funds ($33.4B)](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2025-june-global-vc-pe-fund-close-tracker.md): Comprehensive June 2025 fund close tracker covering 67 newly closed venture and private equity vehicles — with NYC highlights including Galaxy Ventures, Greenbelt Capital, and Base10.
- [NYC VC Fund Launch: Galaxy Ventures Closes $175M+ Fund I for Onchain Economy](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-06-26-galaxy-ventures-175m.md): New York-based Galaxy Asset Management announced the final close of Galaxy Ventures Fund I at over $175M on June 26, 2025, exceeding its $150M target for onchain startup investing.
- [NYC VC Fund Launch: Aria Growth Partners Closes $152M Fund II for Consumer Brands](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-06-25-aria-growth-partners-152m-fund-ii.md): New York-based Aria Growth Partners closed its second fund at $152 million on June 25, 2025, continuing its focus on high-growth consumable consumer brands.
- [June 2025 VC Fund Close: Counterpart Ventures Closes $132M Fund III for CVC-Connected Enterprise AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-06-25-counterpart-ventures-132m-fund-iii.md): San Francisco-based Counterpart Ventures closed Fund III at $132 million on June 25, 2025, bridging 650+ corporate VCs with enterprise AI-native startups.
- [June 2025 VC Fund Close: Sentinel Global Closes $213.5M Debut Enterprise Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-06-24-sentinel-global-213m-debut-fund.md): San Francisco-based Sentinel Global closed its inaugural fund at $213.5 million on June 24, 2025, led by Jeremy Kranz with a mission-critical enterprise technology thesis.
- [NYC VC/PE Fund Launch: Greenbelt Capital Closes $1B Inaugural Energy Transition Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-06-23-greenbelt-capital-1b-fund-iii.md): Greenbelt Capital Partners closed Fund III at a $1 billion hard cap on June 23, 2025, with offices in Austin and New York focused on energy transition middle-market PE.
- [June 2025 Mega Fund Close: Felicis Closes $900M Fund X for AI-First Investing](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-06-13-felicis-900m-fund-x.md): Menlo Park-based Felicis closed its tenth fund at $900 million on June 13, 2025, targeting AI-first platforms, cybersecurity, defense, energy, and healthtech at seed and Series A.
- [NYC VC Fund Launch: Bloomberg Beta Closes $75M Fund V for Future-of-Work AI](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-06-10-bloomberg-beta-75m-fund-v.md): Bloomberg Beta closed its fifth $75 million fund on June 10, 2025, maintaining day-zero future-of-work investing from New York and San Francisco offices.
- [June 2025 VC Fund Close: Geodesic Capital Holds $250M First Close for U.S.-Japan Alliance Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-06-10-geodesic-capital-250m-alliance-fund.md): San Francisco-based Geodesic Capital held the first close of its $250 million Geodesic Alliance Fund on June 10, 2025, targeting dual-use deep tech for the U.S.-Japan alliance.
- [Charge Ventures Backs Nectar Social $10.6M Pre-Seed and Seed](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-charge-ventures-nectar-social-seed.md): Charge Ventures joined Nectar Social’s $10.6M pre-seed and seed financing, alongside True Ventures and GV, staying true to its Brooklyn pre-seed roots.
- [Brooklyn Bridge Ventures Portfolio: Canid Raises $10M Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-brooklyn-bridge-ventures-canid-10m-series-a.md): Brooklyn Bridge Ventures portfolio company Canid raised a $10M Series A, a follow-on milestone as the pioneering Brooklyn seed fund manages its existing book.
- [June 2025 Climate VC Close: Energize Capital Closes $430M Ventures Fund III](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-06-03-energize-capital-430m-fund-iii.md): Chicago-based Energize Capital closed Ventures Fund III at $430 million on June 3, 2025, for multi-stage climate and energy transition software investing.
- [NYC VC Fund Launch: Planeteer Capital Raises $54M Maiden Climatetech Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-06-02-planeteer-capital-54m-maiden-fund.md): New York-based Planeteer Capital raised $54M for its debut fund on June 2, 2025, anchored by an Ivy League endowment and Meta former CTO Mike Schroepfer.
- [Amplifyher Ventures Backs Teal Health and Veracity Series A Rounds](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-amplifyher-ventures-teal-health-veracity.md): Amplifyher Ventures backed Teal Health’s $10M Series A for at-home cervical cancer screening and joined Veracity’s $6M Series A.
- [Brooklyn Bridge Ventures Portfolio: Compyl Lands $12M Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-brooklyn-bridge-ventures-compyl-12m-series-a.md): Brooklyn Bridge Ventures-backed Compyl raised a $12M Series A for its security and compliance automation platform, another follow-on for the Brooklyn seed pioneer.
- [Zeal Capital Partners Closes $82M Fund II, Triples AUM](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-zeal-capital-partners-82m-fund-ii.md): Zeal Capital Partners closed an $82M Fund II, tripling AUM to $186M in five years to back inclusive fintech, healthcare, and future-of-work startups.
- [Redpoint Ventures Raises $650M Fund X and $740M Growth Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-redpoint-ventures-650m-fund-x-740m-growth.md): Redpoint Ventures raised a $650M tenth early-stage fund and a $740M growth fund, holding fund sizes steady in a cautious market.
- [Tribeca Venture Partners Headlines Swivel $5.8M Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-tribeca-venture-partners-swivel-series-a.md): Tribeca Venture Partners headlined a $5.8M Series A for Swivel (formerly PilotDesk), advancing AI automation in ad operations.
- [Alpaca VC Leads Applied Atomics Pre-Seed for Co-Located Nuclear Power](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-alpaca-vc-applied-atomics-nuclear-pre-seed.md): Alpaca VC led the pre-seed round for Applied Atomics, which is building full-stack, co-located nuclear plants for hyperscalers under the firm’s "Aquarius Economy" energy thesis.
- [Blisce Backs evroc $55M Round for European Sovereign Cloud](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-blisce-evroc-sovereign-cloud-series-a.md): Blisce backed evroc’s ~$55M (€50M) round to build sovereign hyperscale data centers in Europe, reinforcing the firm’s climate and infrastructure focus.
- [NYC Scale-Up Financing: Dataminr Secures $85M in Convertible Financing and Credit](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-03-19-dataminr-85m.md): New York-based Dataminr announced $85M in financing on March 19, 2025, with additional SPV-linked capital discussed in coverage.
- [NYC Health API Funding: Junction Raises $18M to Connect Wearables and Labs](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-03-11-junction-series-a.md): Junction, now headquartered in New York, announced an $18M funding round on March 11, 2025, to scale infrastructure linking wearable data and lab workflows.
- [SoGal Ventures Portfolio: Indē Wild Secures $5M From Unilever](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-sogal-ventures-inde-wild-unilever.md): SoGal Ventures portfolio brand Indē Wild raised $5M from Unilever Ventures and others, as the firm was named a top U.S. VC for 2025.
- [NYC PropTech-Adjacency: Faireez Emerges With $7.5M Seed Funding](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-03-06-faireez-seed.md): New York-based Faireez announced $7.5M in seed financing on March 6, 2025, to expand AI-supported housekeeping services for multifamily buildings.
- [NYC LegalTech AI: Patlytics Raises $14M Series A](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-02-24-patlytics-series-a.md): New York startup Patlytics announced a $14M Series A on Feb. 24, 2025, to grow its AI-enabled patent analytics and workflow platform.
- [Equal Ventures Raises $175M for Fund II and First Opportunity Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/2026-equal-ventures-175m-fund-ii.md): Equal Ventures raised $175M — $100M for Fund II and $75M for a debut Opportunity Fund — to keep leading seeds in climate, insurance, retail, and supply chain.
- [NYC EdTech Raise: Hiveclass Announces $1.5M Seed Round](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-02-07-hiveclass-seed.md): New York-based Hiveclass raised $1.5M in seed funding on Feb. 7, 2025, to expand virtual PE and wellness education tools.
- [NYC AI Funding: PromptLayer Closes $4.8M Seed to Scale Prompt Management Platform](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-02-07-promptlayer-seed.md): New York-based PromptLayer announced a $4.8M seed round on Feb. 7, 2025, as demand grows for tooling around LLM prompt workflows.
- [NYC VC Fund Launch: Overlap Holdings Final-Close of $33M Frontier Tech Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-02-05-overlap-33m-fund.md): New York-based Overlap Holdings announced the final close of its first fund at $33M on Feb. 5, 2025, targeting frontier tech from seed through Series B.
- [NYC Startup Funding: ElevenLabs Confirms $180M Series C at $3.3B Valuation](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-01-30-elevenlabs-series-c.md): AI audio company ElevenLabs announced a $180M Series C on Jan. 30, 2025, at a reported $3.3B post-money valuation.
- [NYC Early-Stage & Seed Firms (Updated 2026): Complete A–Z Directory](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-early-stage-seed-firms-2025.md): Updated August 2026 — top 15 NYC seed shortlist with check bands and fund links, plus 100+ early-stage firms from 2048 Ventures to XRC Labs. Match stage before you pitch.
- [NYC VC Fund Raise: Insight Partners Closes $12.5B Across Fund XIII and Opportunity Fund](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-01-16-insight-12-5b.md): Insight Partners, one of New York's largest venture firms, announced $12.5B in fresh capital on Jan. 16, 2025, and said it logged more than $8B in exits in 2024.
- [NYC VC News: PrettyDamnQuick Raises $25M Series A to Scale Checkout and Shipping Intelligence](https://venturecapitaltracker.com/nyc-vc-fund-news-2025-01-09-pdq-series-a.md): New York startup PrettyDamnQuick closed a $25M Series A on Jan. 9, 2025, as it scaled checkout and shipping optimization for independent e-commerce brands.